ALMA OBSERVATORY

Working together, the separate ALMA telescopes become one giant telescope up to 11 miles (16 km) across. That's a huge, light-gathering eyeball! At that size, ALMA can pinpoint small, hidden details deep inside galaxies or within giant star forming regions, making it one of the most powerful telescopes ever made. In the heart of the array sits the 16 East Asian MELCO telescopes working together like one telescope of 492 feet (150 m) across. Called the Morita Compact Array, these specialized 7-meter telescopes can map the Universe's giant, wispy structures, making certain that ALMA never misses the forest for the trees. Discover more about The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) on our website: https://public.nrao.edu/telescopes/alma/ Take a virtual tour of the observatory and its surroundings: https://public.nrao.edu/explore/alma-explorer/

Creating the world's largest astronomical observatory needs the collaboration of many international partners. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory built ALMA with partners from Europe, East Asia, and the Republic of Chile. This footage, taken in 2009, shows pieces of the ALMA telescopes at their respective assembly grounds. Each piece made a long and complicated journey over land and sea. First, you see the European delivery site run by the Alcatel-EIE-MT Aerospace Consortium, known as the AEM area. AEM was responsible for the construction of 25 of the large 12-meter (39-foot) telescopes for ALMA. Next door to the AEM area is the East Asian staging area run by the Mitsubishi Electric Corporation (MELCO). They provided the Morita Compact Array (ACA), a set of twelve 7-meter (23-foot) telescopes and four 12-meter telescopes, which now work together as the high-sensitivity heart of ALMA. Finally, this enormous building catered to the assembly of the 25 North American telescopes designed and built by VertexRSI, a subsidiary of General Dynamics Corporation. During the ALMA construction phase, this so-called Vertex Assembly Building housed several 12-meter telescopes in various stages of assembly. The Vertex building also serves as shelter during 70mph dust storms, allowing staff to continue safely working even in the harshest of weather. Discover more about The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) on our website: https://public.nrao.edu/telescopes/alma/ Take a virtual tour of the observatory and its surroundings: https://public.nrao.edu/explore/alma-explorer/

Behind the Technical Building are the vehicle garages and the maintenance facilities for telescopes and transporters. This area bustles when routine equipment maintenance schedules kick in. The OSF not only serves as the location for operating the Joint ALMA Observatory, it is also the Assembly, Integration and Verification (AIV) station for all the high technology equipment before being moved to the Array Operations Site (AOS). Discover more about The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) on our website: https://public.nrao.edu/telescopes/alma/ Take a virtual tour of the observatory and its surroundings: https://public.nrao.edu/explore/alma-explorer/

Planet formation may start during the embedded phase of star formation. In this scenario, the chemistry of embedded disks may directly determine the chemical composition of the forming planets. In recent years, observations discover several embedded protostars that have developed complex chemistry at the disk-forming region. However, only a few observations attempt to constrain the occurrence of complex molecules at embedded protostars and their relationships to star formation processes. I will present the first result of the Perseus ALMA Chemistry Survey (PEACHES), which aims to unbiasedly survey the chemistry toward 47 embedded protostars with a spatial resolution comparable to the size of disk-forming region. In PEACHES, we identify a variety of molecules and their isotopologues, including CCH, c-C3H2, SO, SO2, CH3OH, CH3CN, CH3OCHO, CH3OCH3, and C2H5OH. I will discuss the detection statistics of these molecules with respect to the physical properties of these protostars, such as their evolutionary stages and disk properties. I will also discuss the correlations of these complex molecules and the comparison with the chemistry of the protostars at other regions and environments. The occurrence rate of different complex molecules learned from the PEACHES survey will provide a primer for constraining chemical evolution during the star formation. 5/27 (Wednesday) 14:20 - 15:20 R1203

Astronomers using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), in which ESO is a partner, have spotted a peculiar gas cloud that resulted from a confrontation between two stars. Find out more about this stellar fight in this ESOcast Light. The video is available in 4K UHD. The ESOcast Light is a series of short videos bringing you the wonders of the Universe in bite-sized pieces. The ESOcast Light episodes will not be replacing the standard, longer ESOcasts, but complement them with current astronomy news and images in ESO press releases. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso2002a/ Subscribe to ESOcast in iTunes! https://itunes.apple.com/podcast/esocast-hd/id295471183?mt=2 Receive future episodes on YouTube by pressing the Subscribe button above or follow us on Vimeo: https://vimeo.com/esoastronomy Watch more ESOcast episodes: https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/esocast/ Find out how to view and contribute subtitles for the ESOcast in multiple languages, or translate this video on YouTube: https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/translators/ Credit: ESO Directed by: Herbert Zodet. Editing: Herbert Zodet. Web and technical support: Gurvan Bazin and Raquel Yumi Shida. Written by: Caroline Reid and Bárbara Ferreira. Music: Stellardrone — Airglow. Footage and photos: ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO), Olofsson et al. Acknowledgement: Robert Cumming, Digitized Sky Survey 2, M. Kornmesser and N. Risinger (skysurvey.org). Scientific consultants: Paola Amico and Mariya Lyubenova.

April 25, 2019 Phillips Auditorium Sofia Ramstedt Uppsala U. Host: Rodolfo Montez Abstract: The deaths of stars are always preceded by more or less massive stellar winds. In the case of low- to intermediate mass stars, these winds are the means by which material from the stars is recycled in galaxies. Accurate measurements of the wind physical properties provide constraints for hydrodynamical models which study wind formation and evolution. Estimates of wind density and temperature also form the base for any further research into abundances of different elements, isotopes and molecules in the recycled material. Furthermore, to determine wind gas-to-dust mass ratios holds the key to investigations of extragalactic objects and the impact of these common stars across the Universe. We have lately performed detailed studies of the circumstellar envelopes (CSEs) around nearby (500 pc) stars on the Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) with ALMA. The properties of the wind which has created the CSE, can be derived by mapping the CO line emission. We started with a smaller sample of binary stars to investigate the formation and importance of circumstellar asymmetries and structure. To interpret the complex observations, several new analysis tools had to be assembled and tested. These tools are now put to use for the DEATHSTAR project in which we are mapping all nearby AGB stars starting in the southern sky. The goals are to provide the most accurate AGB wind properties to date, and to consistently determine the gas-to-dust mass ratios. I will present results and current status.

The English version is available on http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso1312a/ This 16-minute video presents the history of ALMA from the origins of the project several decades ago to the recent first science results. Illustrated by dramatic helicopter footage, the movie takes you on a journey to the 5000-metre-high Chajnantor Plateau, where ALMA stands, in the unique environment of the Atacama Desert of Chile. The movie was released by ESO, with its international partners to mark the occasion of the inauguration of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) on 13 March 2013. ALMA — In Search of our Cosmic Origins tells the story of the project from its earliest beginnings, when Europe, North America and East Asia developed a common concept for a new, large telescope for millimetre and submillimetre wavelength observations to observe the coldest and most distant objects in the Universe. It also charts the search for the perfect location and the technical and logistical challenges posed by the building of such a massive infrastructure under extremely harsh conditions and in a remote place. The movie includes detailed shots of the complex and fascinating technology that ALMA depends on, and explains how the 66 antennas were installed on the high desert plain. It also provides insights into the exciting scientific developments that this, the most powerful telescope of its kind, will bring. These expectations are already being fulfilled by the first science results, obtained before the facilities were even complete. Find out how to view and contribute subtitles for video podcasts in multiple languages, or translate this video on dotSUB. The material is released under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/alma_themovie_de/ Subscribe to ESOcast in iTunes! https://itunes.apple.com/podcast/esocast-hd/id295471183?mt=2 Receive future episodes on YouTube by pressing the Subscribe button above or follow us on Vimeo: https://vimeo.com/esoastronomy Watch more ESOcast episodes: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/esocast/ Find out how to view and contribute subtitles for the ESOcast in multiple languages, or translate this video on YouTube: http://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/translators/ Credit: ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO). Directed by: Lars Lindberg Christensen. Art Direction, Production Design: Martin Kornmesser. Producer: Herbert Zodet. Written by: Nicola Guttridge, Gara Mora-Carrillo, Douglas Pierce-Price and Herbert Zodet. 3D Animations and Graphics: Martin Kornmesser and Luis Calçada. Editing: Martin Kornmesser. Cinematography: Herbert Zodet Music: Toomas Erm. Web and technical support: Mathias André and Raquel Yumi Shida. Proof Reading: Anne Rhodes. Visuals: ESO, ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO), C. Malin (christophmalin.com), José Francisco Salgado (josefrancisco.org), B. Tafreshi (twanight.org), NRAO/General Dynamics C4 Systems, NRAO/AUI/NSF, Al Wootten, Y. Beletsky (LCO), Nick Risinger (skysurvey.org), S. Guisard (www.eso.org/~sguisard), NASA/JPL-Caltech/WISE Team, M. Maercker et al, the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope. Executive Producer: Lars Lindberg Christensen.

This zoom video starts with a wide view of the Milky Way and ends with a close-up of the Abell 2597 cluster. Observations by ALMA and data from the MUSE spectrograph on ESO’s VLT have revealed a colossal fountain of molecular gas powered by a black hole in the brightest galaxy of the Abell 2597 cluster — the galactic cycle powering this vast cosmic fountain has never before been observed so clearly. The final shot is a composite image of the Abell 2597 galaxy cluster showing the fountain-like flow of gas powered by the supermassive black hole in the central galaxy. The yellow is ALMA data showing cold gas. The red is data from the MUSE instrument on ESO’s Very Large Telescope showing the hot hydrogen gas in the same region. The extend purple is the extended hot, ionized gas as imaged by the Chandra X-ray Observatory. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso1836b/ Credit: ESO and Digitized Sky Survey 2, N. Risinger (skysurvey.org) Music: Astral Electronic.

Observations by ALMA and data from the MUSE spectrograph on ESO’s VLT have revealed a colossal fountain of molecular gas powered by a black hole in the brightest galaxy of the Abell 2597 cluster — the full galactic cycle of inflow and outflow powering this vast cosmic fountain has never before been observed in one system.  The video is available in 4K UHD.  The ESOcast Light is a series of short videos bringing you the wonders of the Universe in bite-sized pieces. The ESOcast Light episodes will not be replacing the standard, longer ESOcasts, but complement them with current astronomy news and images in ESO press releases. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso1836a/ Subscribe to ESOcast in iTunes! https://itunes.apple.com/podcast/esocast-hd/id295471183?mt=2 Receive future episodes on YouTube by pressing the Subscribe button above or follow us on Vimeo: https://vimeo.com/esoastronomy Watch more ESOcast episodes: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/esocast/ Find out how to view and contribute subtitles for the ESOcast in multiple languages, or translate this video on YouTube: http://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/translators/ Credit: ESO Directed by: Nico Bartmann. Editing: Nico Bartmann. Web and technical support: Mathias André and Raquel Yumi Shida. Written by: Sara Rigby and Calum Turner. Music: written and performed by STAN DART(www.stan-dart.com). Footage and photos: ESO, Digitized Sky Survey 2, N. Risinger (skysurvey.org), ALMA (NAOJ/NRAO), Tremblay et al, AUI/NSF, B. Saxton, NASA/Chandra, ESA/Hubble, L. Calçada. Executive producer: Lars Lindberg Christensen.

NRAO astronomer Anthony Remijan describes a new technique for finding the "fingerprints" of molecules in Orion's gigantic star-forming region using ALMA and the GBT radio telescopes. Discover more about Our Milky Way Galaxy on our website: https://public.nrao.edu/radio-astronomy/our-milky-way-galaxy/ Take a virtual tour of the Milky Way in our Milky Way Explorer: https://public.nrao.edu/explore/milky-way-explorer/ Credit: NRAO/AUI/NSF, Fortman, et al., NASA/ESA.

Animation of a star exploding into a supernova and fueling a gamma-ray burst. Astronomers caught the enduring "afterglow" of one of these cataclysmic explosions with both ALMA and the VLA for the first time. The rebound, or reverse shock, triggered by the GRB’s powerful jets slamming into surrounding debris, lasted thousands of times longer than expected, giving astronomers an unprecedented glimpse into the structure and dynamics of the jets. Credit: NRAO/AUI/NSF; S. Dagnello

ALMA has uncovered convincing evidence that three young planets are in orbit around the infant star HD 163296. Using a new planet-finding technique, astronomers have identified three discrete disturbances in the young star’s gas-filled disc: the strongest evidence yet that newly formed planets are in orbit there. These are considered the first planets discovered with ALMA. The video is available in 4K UHD. The ESOcast Light is a series of short videos bringing you the wonders of the Universe in bite-sized pieces. The ESOcast Light episodes will not be replacing the standard, longer ESOcasts, but complement them with current astronomy news and images in ESO press releases. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso1818a/ Subscribe to ESOcast in iTunes! https://itunes.apple.com/podcast/esocast-hd/id295471183?mt=2 Receive future episodes on YouTube by pressing the Subscribe button above or follow us on Vimeo: https://vimeo.com/esoastronomy Watch more ESOcast episodes: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/esocast/ Find out how to view and contribute subtitles for the ESOcast in multiple languages, or translate this video on YouTube: http://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/translators/ Credit: ESO Directed by: Nico Bartmann. Editing: Nico Bartmann. Web and technical support: Mathias André and Raquel Yumi Shida. Written by: Stephen Molyneux and Richard Hook. Music: Johan B. Monell (www.johanmonell.com). Footage and photos: ESO, ALMA (NAOJ/NRAO), A. Isella, B. Saxton (AUI/NSF), Hubble, M. Kornmesser and L. L. Christensen. Executive producer: Lars Lindberg Christensen.

In this third episode of the ESOcast Dr. J takes us to the site of ALMA, the Atacama Millimeter / submillimeter Array in the Atacama region in Chile. ALMA is an observatory under construction 5000 metres above sea-level, on the plateau of Chajnantor – high enough to be literally breathtaking. More episodes of the ESOcast are also available. Find out how to view and contribute subtitles for the ESOcast in multiple languages, or translate this video on Youtube. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso0849b/ Subscribe to ESOcast in iTunes! https://itunes.apple.com/podcast/esocast-hd/id295471183?mt=2 Receive future episodes on YouTube by pressing the Subscribe button above or follow us on Vimeo: https://vimeo.com/esoastronomy Watch more ESOcast episodes: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/esocast/ Find out how to view and contribute subtitles for the ESOcast in multiple languages, or translate this video on YouTube: http://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/translators/ Credit: Visual design and editing: Martin Kornmesser, Luis Calçada and Herbert Zodet. Host: Dr. J. Footage and photos: ESO. Web and technical support: Lars Holm Nielsen and Raquel Yumi Shida.    ESOcast HD (High Definition - 1280 x 720)  ESOcast SD (Standard Definition - 640 x 480)  ESOcast HD (High Definition) in iTunes  ESOcast SD (Standard Definition) in iTunes

Your home and the Universe have at least one thing in common: they can be very dusty places! When you get back after a very long vacation, it may happen that the windows in your home are so full of dust that you can’t see through them anymore. Surprisingly, astronomers have a similar problem! More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/esocast139a/ Subscribe to ESOcast in iTunes! https://itunes.apple.com/podcast/esocast-hd/id295471183?mt=2 Receive future episodes on YouTube by pressing the Subscribe button above or follow us on Vimeo: https://vimeo.com/esoastronomy Watch more ESOcast episodes: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/esocast/ Find out how to view and contribute subtitles for the ESOcast in multiple languages, or translate this video on YouTube: http://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/translators/ Credit: ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO)   Script: María Corrêa-Mendes  Illustration and Animation: María Corrêa-Mendes  Narration: Callum Bellhouse  Music: Going Higher - Bensound.com Audio Post: Lenz Music  Produced by: The JAO Education & Outreach Department Supervised by: José Pinto (Graphic Designer) and Valeria Foncea/Nicolás Lira (Journalists)

Help support Deep Astronomy by getting a month's free trial at The Great Courses Plus: http://ow.ly/AVDF30fiZ33 Consider supporting Space Fan News: https://patreon.com/DeepAstronomy to ensure you get current space & astronomy news each week! In this episode, astronomers observe a star that has gone supernova, not once, but twice; the Giant Magellan Telescope starts casting its fifth mirror segment; and ALMA provides us with the most detailed image of a red giant star ever produced and gives us a glimpse of the fate of our own solar system. Links to this week's stories: http://www.keckobservatory.org/recent/entry/LCO_supernova http://www.gmto.org/2017/11/giant-magellan-telescope-organization-casts-fifth-mirror/ http://www.chalmers.se/en/researchinfrastructure/oso/news/Pages/Alma-image-of-red-giant-star-gives-a-surprising-glimpse-of-the-Suns-future.aspx Space Fan News Theme by Stephen Dubois available for download here: http://ancienteyesmusic.com Follow DeepAstronomy on Twitter: @DeepAstronomy Like DeepAstronomy on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DeepAstronomy/ Like Space Fan News on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/SpaceFanNews/ Follow DeepAstronomy on Google+ http://google.com/+DeepAstronomy http://google.com/+TonyDarnell

The ALMA Observatory in Chile has detected dust around the closest star to the Solar System, Proxima Centauri. These new observations reveal the glow coming from cold dust in a region between one to four times as far from Proxima Centauri as the Earth is from the Sun. This ESOCast Light takes a quick look at this interesting result and why it is important. The video is available in 4K UHD. The ESOcast Light is a series of short videos bringing you the wonders of the Universe in bite-sized pieces. The ESOcast Light episodes will not be replacing the standard, longer ESOcasts, but complement them with current astronomy news and images in ESO press releases. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso1735a/ Subscribe to ESOcast in iTunes! https://itunes.apple.com/podcast/esocast-hd/id295471183?mt=2 Receive future episodes on YouTube by pressing the Subscribe button above or follow us on Vimeo: https://vimeo.com/esoastronomy Watch more ESOcast episodes: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/esocast/ Find out how to view and contribute subtitles for the ESOcast in multiple languages, or translate this video on YouTube: http://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/translators/ Credit: ESO Visual Design and Editing: Petr Horálek. Web and technical support: Mathias André and Raquel Yumi Shida. Music: Nuclearmetal, Movetwo. Footage and photos: ESO, ALMA, N. Risinger (skysurvey.org), L. Calçada, M. Kornmesser, P. Horálek. Directed by: Nicole Shearer. Executive producer: Lars Lindberg Christensen.

Located in Chile's Atacama desert, 16,570 ft above sea level, the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array is the world's most powerful observatory for studying the universe. Learn more: http://pops.ci/r7rohI -- Video by/Producer: Francis Agyapong, Jr. Research: Erin Blakemore -- FOLLOW POPULAR SCIENCE http://www.popsci.com Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/popsci Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/popsci Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/popsci Snapchat: https://www.snapchat.com/add/popularscience Pinterest: https://www.pinterest.com/popularscience

Move over Hubble, ALMA sees what you can't! Host: Caitlin Hofmeister ---------- Support SciShow by becoming a patron on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/scishow ---------- Dooblydoo thanks go to the following Patreon supporters—we couldn't make SciShow without them! Shoutout to Kevin Bealer, Mark Terrio-Cameron, KatieMarie Magnone, Patrick Merrithew, Charles Southerland, Fatima Iqbal, Benny, Kyle Anderson, Tim Curwick, Scott Satovsky Jr, Will and Sonja Marple, Philippe von Bergen, Bella Nash, Bryce Daifuku, Chris Peters, Patrick D. Ashmore, Charles George, Bader AlGhamdi ---------- Like SciShow? Want to help support us, and also get things to put on your walls, cover your torso and hold your liquids? Check out our awesome products over at DFTBA Records: http://dftba.com/scishow ---------- Looking for SciShow elsewhere on the internet? Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/scishow Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/scishow Tumblr: http://scishow.tumblr.com Instagram: http://instagram.com/thescishow ---------- Sources: http://www.almaobservatory.org/science_articles/06_how_alma_receivers_work.pdf http://www.almaobservatory.org/en/press-room/press-releases/417-alma-reveals-workings-of-nearby-planetary-system- https://arxiv.org/abs/1204.0007 http://www.almaobservatory.org/en/press-room/press-releases/1040-alma-explores-the-hubble-ultra-deep-field-uncovers-insights-into-golden-age-of-galaxy-formation http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-iarticle_query?1959ApJ...129..243S&data_type=PDF_HIGH&whole_paper=YES&type=PRINTER&filetype=.pdf https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9712213 http://www.almaobservatory.org/en/press-room/press-releases/1038-alma-uncovers-secrets-of-giant-space-blob https://arxiv.org/pdf/1608.02941.pdf Thumbnail image credit: almaobservatory.org Images: http://www.almaobservatory.org/en/visuals/images/antennas-and-transporters/?g2_itemId=5187 http://spacetelescope.org/images/heic0821a/ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Heic0821f.jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:NASA-HS201427a-HubbleUltraDeepField2014-20140603.jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Animation_of_a_Lyman-alpha_blob.ogv https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ALMA_Fomalhaut_eng.tif http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2009/labs/animations.html https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fomalhaut_IR.jpg

ALMA observations have revealed that a very distant galaxy, seen when the Universe was just 4% of its current age, was rich in cosmic dust. This ESOcast Light quickly looks at what this means and why it is important. The video is available in 4K UHD. The ESOcast Light is a series of short videos bringing you the wonders of the Universe in bite-sized pieces. The ESOcast Light episodes will not be replacing the standard, longer ESOcasts, but complement them with current astronomy news and images in ESO press releases. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso1708a/ Subscribe to ESOcast in iTunes! https://itunes.apple.com/podcast/esocast-hd/id295471183?mt=2 Receive future episodes on YouTube by pressing the Subscribe button above or follow us on Vimeo: https://vimeo.com/esoastronomy Watch more ESOcast episodes: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/esocast/ Find out how to view and contribute subtitles for the ESOcast in multiple languages, or translate this video on dotSUB: http://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/translators/ Credit: ESO Editing: Herbert Zodet.  Web and technical support: Mathias André and Raquel Yumi Shida. Written by: Thomas Barratt, Lauren Fuge, Oana Sandu & Richard Hook. Music: Jennifer Athena Galatis.  Footage and photos: ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO), NASA, ESA, ESO and D. Coe (STScI)/J. Merten (Heidelberg/Bologna)/spaceengine.org/Digitized Sky Survey 2, M. Kornmesser and  P. Horálek. Directed by: Herbert Zodet.  Executive producer: Lars Lindberg Christensen.