ALMA OBSERVATORY

April 25, 2019 Phillips Auditorium Sofia Ramstedt Uppsala U. Host: Rodolfo Montez Abstract: The deaths of stars are always preceded by more or less massive stellar winds. In the case of low- to intermediate mass stars, these winds are the means by which material from the stars is recycled in galaxies. Accurate measurements of the wind physical properties provide constraints for hydrodynamical models which study wind formation and evolution. Estimates of wind density and temperature also form the base for any further research into abundances of different elements, isotopes and molecules in the recycled material. Furthermore, to determine wind gas-to-dust mass ratios holds the key to investigations of extragalactic objects and the impact of these common stars across the Universe. We have lately performed detailed studies of the circumstellar envelopes (CSEs) around nearby (500 pc) stars on the Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) with ALMA. The properties of the wind which has created the CSE, can be derived by mapping the CO line emission. We started with a smaller sample of binary stars to investigate the formation and importance of circumstellar asymmetries and structure. To interpret the complex observations, several new analysis tools had to be assembled and tested. These tools are now put to use for the DEATHSTAR project in which we are mapping all nearby AGB stars starting in the southern sky. The goals are to provide the most accurate AGB wind properties to date, and to consistently determine the gas-to-dust mass ratios. I will present results and current status.

The English version is available on http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso1312a/ This 16-minute video presents the history of ALMA from the origins of the project several decades ago to the recent first science results. Illustrated by dramatic helicopter footage, the movie takes you on a journey to the 5000-metre-high Chajnantor Plateau, where ALMA stands, in the unique environment of the Atacama Desert of Chile. The movie was released by ESO, with its international partners to mark the occasion of the inauguration of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) on 13 March 2013. ALMA — In Search of our Cosmic Origins tells the story of the project from its earliest beginnings, when Europe, North America and East Asia developed a common concept for a new, large telescope for millimetre and submillimetre wavelength observations to observe the coldest and most distant objects in the Universe. It also charts the search for the perfect location and the technical and logistical challenges posed by the building of such a massive infrastructure under extremely harsh conditions and in a remote place. The movie includes detailed shots of the complex and fascinating technology that ALMA depends on, and explains how the 66 antennas were installed on the high desert plain. It also provides insights into the exciting scientific developments that this, the most powerful telescope of its kind, will bring. These expectations are already being fulfilled by the first science results, obtained before the facilities were even complete. Find out how to view and contribute subtitles for video podcasts in multiple languages, or translate this video on dotSUB. The material is released under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/alma_themovie_de/ Subscribe to ESOcast in iTunes! https://itunes.apple.com/podcast/esocast-hd/id295471183?mt=2 Receive future episodes on YouTube by pressing the Subscribe button above or follow us on Vimeo: https://vimeo.com/esoastronomy Watch more ESOcast episodes: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/esocast/ Find out how to view and contribute subtitles for the ESOcast in multiple languages, or translate this video on YouTube: http://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/translators/ Credit: ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO). Directed by: Lars Lindberg Christensen. Art Direction, Production Design: Martin Kornmesser. Producer: Herbert Zodet. Written by: Nicola Guttridge, Gara Mora-Carrillo, Douglas Pierce-Price and Herbert Zodet. 3D Animations and Graphics: Martin Kornmesser and Luis Calçada. Editing: Martin Kornmesser. Cinematography: Herbert Zodet Music: Toomas Erm. Web and technical support: Mathias André and Raquel Yumi Shida. Proof Reading: Anne Rhodes. Visuals: ESO, ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO), C. Malin (christophmalin.com), José Francisco Salgado (josefrancisco.org), B. Tafreshi (twanight.org), NRAO/General Dynamics C4 Systems, NRAO/AUI/NSF, Al Wootten, Y. Beletsky (LCO), Nick Risinger (skysurvey.org), S. Guisard (www.eso.org/~sguisard), NASA/JPL-Caltech/WISE Team, M. Maercker et al, the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope. Executive Producer: Lars Lindberg Christensen.

This zoom video starts with a wide view of the Milky Way and ends with a close-up of the Abell 2597 cluster. Observations by ALMA and data from the MUSE spectrograph on ESO’s VLT have revealed a colossal fountain of molecular gas powered by a black hole in the brightest galaxy of the Abell 2597 cluster — the galactic cycle powering this vast cosmic fountain has never before been observed so clearly. The final shot is a composite image of the Abell 2597 galaxy cluster showing the fountain-like flow of gas powered by the supermassive black hole in the central galaxy. The yellow is ALMA data showing cold gas. The red is data from the MUSE instrument on ESO’s Very Large Telescope showing the hot hydrogen gas in the same region. The extend purple is the extended hot, ionized gas as imaged by the Chandra X-ray Observatory. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso1836b/ Credit: ESO and Digitized Sky Survey 2, N. Risinger (skysurvey.org) Music: Astral Electronic.

Observations by ALMA and data from the MUSE spectrograph on ESO’s VLT have revealed a colossal fountain of molecular gas powered by a black hole in the brightest galaxy of the Abell 2597 cluster — the full galactic cycle of inflow and outflow powering this vast cosmic fountain has never before been observed in one system.  The video is available in 4K UHD.  The ESOcast Light is a series of short videos bringing you the wonders of the Universe in bite-sized pieces. The ESOcast Light episodes will not be replacing the standard, longer ESOcasts, but complement them with current astronomy news and images in ESO press releases. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso1836a/ Subscribe to ESOcast in iTunes! https://itunes.apple.com/podcast/esocast-hd/id295471183?mt=2 Receive future episodes on YouTube by pressing the Subscribe button above or follow us on Vimeo: https://vimeo.com/esoastronomy Watch more ESOcast episodes: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/esocast/ Find out how to view and contribute subtitles for the ESOcast in multiple languages, or translate this video on YouTube: http://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/translators/ Credit: ESO Directed by: Nico Bartmann. Editing: Nico Bartmann. Web and technical support: Mathias André and Raquel Yumi Shida. Written by: Sara Rigby and Calum Turner. Music: written and performed by STAN DART(www.stan-dart.com). Footage and photos: ESO, Digitized Sky Survey 2, N. Risinger (skysurvey.org), ALMA (NAOJ/NRAO), Tremblay et al, AUI/NSF, B. Saxton, NASA/Chandra, ESA/Hubble, L. Calçada. Executive producer: Lars Lindberg Christensen.

NRAO astronomer Anthony Remijan describes a new technique for finding the "fingerprints" of molecules in Orion's gigantic star-forming region using ALMA and the GBT radio telescopes. Credit: NRAO/AUI/NSF, Fortman, et al., NASA/ESA.

Animation of a star exploding into a supernova and fueling a gamma-ray burst. Astronomers caught the enduring "afterglow" of one of these cataclysmic explosions with both ALMA and the VLA for the first time. The rebound, or reverse shock, triggered by the GRB’s powerful jets slamming into surrounding debris, lasted thousands of times longer than expected, giving astronomers an unprecedented glimpse into the structure and dynamics of the jets. Credit: NRAO/AUI/NSF; S. Dagnello

ALMA has uncovered convincing evidence that three young planets are in orbit around the infant star HD 163296. Using a new planet-finding technique, astronomers have identified three discrete disturbances in the young star’s gas-filled disc: the strongest evidence yet that newly formed planets are in orbit there. These are considered the first planets discovered with ALMA. The video is available in 4K UHD. The ESOcast Light is a series of short videos bringing you the wonders of the Universe in bite-sized pieces. The ESOcast Light episodes will not be replacing the standard, longer ESOcasts, but complement them with current astronomy news and images in ESO press releases. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso1818a/ Subscribe to ESOcast in iTunes! https://itunes.apple.com/podcast/esocast-hd/id295471183?mt=2 Receive future episodes on YouTube by pressing the Subscribe button above or follow us on Vimeo: https://vimeo.com/esoastronomy Watch more ESOcast episodes: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/esocast/ Find out how to view and contribute subtitles for the ESOcast in multiple languages, or translate this video on YouTube: http://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/translators/ Credit: ESO Directed by: Nico Bartmann. Editing: Nico Bartmann. Web and technical support: Mathias André and Raquel Yumi Shida. Written by: Stephen Molyneux and Richard Hook. Music: Johan B. Monell (www.johanmonell.com). Footage and photos: ESO, ALMA (NAOJ/NRAO), A. Isella, B. Saxton (AUI/NSF), Hubble, M. Kornmesser and L. L. Christensen. Executive producer: Lars Lindberg Christensen.

In this third episode of the ESOcast Dr. J takes us to the site of ALMA, the Atacama Millimeter / submillimeter Array in the Atacama region in Chile. ALMA is an observatory under construction 5000 metres above sea-level, on the plateau of Chajnantor – high enough to be literally breathtaking. More episodes of the ESOcast are also available. Find out how to view and contribute subtitles for the ESOcast in multiple languages, or translate this video on Youtube. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso0849b/ Subscribe to ESOcast in iTunes! https://itunes.apple.com/podcast/esocast-hd/id295471183?mt=2 Receive future episodes on YouTube by pressing the Subscribe button above or follow us on Vimeo: https://vimeo.com/esoastronomy Watch more ESOcast episodes: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/esocast/ Find out how to view and contribute subtitles for the ESOcast in multiple languages, or translate this video on YouTube: http://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/translators/ Credit: Visual design and editing: Martin Kornmesser, Luis Calçada and Herbert Zodet. Host: Dr. J. Footage and photos: ESO. Web and technical support: Lars Holm Nielsen and Raquel Yumi Shida.    ESOcast HD (High Definition - 1280 x 720)  ESOcast SD (Standard Definition - 640 x 480)  ESOcast HD (High Definition) in iTunes  ESOcast SD (Standard Definition) in iTunes

Your home and the Universe have at least one thing in common: they can be very dusty places! When you get back after a very long vacation, it may happen that the windows in your home are so full of dust that you can’t see through them anymore. Surprisingly, astronomers have a similar problem! More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/esocast139a/ Subscribe to ESOcast in iTunes! https://itunes.apple.com/podcast/esocast-hd/id295471183?mt=2 Receive future episodes on YouTube by pressing the Subscribe button above or follow us on Vimeo: https://vimeo.com/esoastronomy Watch more ESOcast episodes: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/esocast/ Find out how to view and contribute subtitles for the ESOcast in multiple languages, or translate this video on YouTube: http://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/translators/ Credit: ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO)   Script: María Corrêa-Mendes  Illustration and Animation: María Corrêa-Mendes  Narration: Callum Bellhouse  Music: Going Higher - Bensound.com Audio Post: Lenz Music  Produced by: The JAO Education & Outreach Department Supervised by: José Pinto (Graphic Designer) and Valeria Foncea/Nicolás Lira (Journalists)

Help support Deep Astronomy by getting a month's free trial at The Great Courses Plus: http://ow.ly/AVDF30fiZ33 Consider supporting Space Fan News: https://patreon.com/DeepAstronomy to ensure you get current space & astronomy news each week! In this episode, astronomers observe a star that has gone supernova, not once, but twice; the Giant Magellan Telescope starts casting its fifth mirror segment; and ALMA provides us with the most detailed image of a red giant star ever produced and gives us a glimpse of the fate of our own solar system. Links to this week's stories: http://www.keckobservatory.org/recent/entry/LCO_supernova http://www.gmto.org/2017/11/giant-magellan-telescope-organization-casts-fifth-mirror/ http://www.chalmers.se/en/researchinfrastructure/oso/news/Pages/Alma-image-of-red-giant-star-gives-a-surprising-glimpse-of-the-Suns-future.aspx Space Fan News Theme by Stephen Dubois available for download here: http://ancienteyesmusic.com Follow DeepAstronomy on Twitter: @DeepAstronomy Like DeepAstronomy on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DeepAstronomy/ Like Space Fan News on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/SpaceFanNews/ Follow DeepAstronomy on Google+ http://google.com/+DeepAstronomy http://google.com/+TonyDarnell

The ALMA Observatory in Chile has detected dust around the closest star to the Solar System, Proxima Centauri. These new observations reveal the glow coming from cold dust in a region between one to four times as far from Proxima Centauri as the Earth is from the Sun. This ESOCast Light takes a quick look at this interesting result and why it is important. The video is available in 4K UHD. The ESOcast Light is a series of short videos bringing you the wonders of the Universe in bite-sized pieces. The ESOcast Light episodes will not be replacing the standard, longer ESOcasts, but complement them with current astronomy news and images in ESO press releases. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso1735a/ Subscribe to ESOcast in iTunes! https://itunes.apple.com/podcast/esocast-hd/id295471183?mt=2 Receive future episodes on YouTube by pressing the Subscribe button above or follow us on Vimeo: https://vimeo.com/esoastronomy Watch more ESOcast episodes: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/esocast/ Find out how to view and contribute subtitles for the ESOcast in multiple languages, or translate this video on YouTube: http://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/translators/ Credit: ESO Visual Design and Editing: Petr Horálek. Web and technical support: Mathias André and Raquel Yumi Shida. Music: Nuclearmetal, Movetwo. Footage and photos: ESO, ALMA, N. Risinger (skysurvey.org), L. Calçada, M. Kornmesser, P. Horálek. Directed by: Nicole Shearer. Executive producer: Lars Lindberg Christensen.

Located in Chile's Atacama desert, 16,570 ft above sea level, the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array is the world's most powerful observatory for studying the universe. Learn more: http://pops.ci/r7rohI -- Video by/Producer: Francis Agyapong, Jr. Research: Erin Blakemore -- FOLLOW POPULAR SCIENCE http://www.popsci.com Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/popsci Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/popsci Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/popsci Snapchat: https://www.snapchat.com/add/popularscience Pinterest: https://www.pinterest.com/popularscience

Move over Hubble, ALMA sees what you can't! Host: Caitlin Hofmeister ---------- Support SciShow by becoming a patron on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/scishow ---------- Dooblydoo thanks go to the following Patreon supporters—we couldn't make SciShow without them! Shoutout to Kevin Bealer, Mark Terrio-Cameron, KatieMarie Magnone, Patrick Merrithew, Charles Southerland, Fatima Iqbal, Benny, Kyle Anderson, Tim Curwick, Scott Satovsky Jr, Will and Sonja Marple, Philippe von Bergen, Bella Nash, Bryce Daifuku, Chris Peters, Patrick D. Ashmore, Charles George, Bader AlGhamdi ---------- Like SciShow? Want to help support us, and also get things to put on your walls, cover your torso and hold your liquids? Check out our awesome products over at DFTBA Records: http://dftba.com/scishow ---------- Looking for SciShow elsewhere on the internet? Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/scishow Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/scishow Tumblr: http://scishow.tumblr.com Instagram: http://instagram.com/thescishow ---------- Sources: http://www.almaobservatory.org/science_articles/06_how_alma_receivers_work.pdf http://www.almaobservatory.org/en/press-room/press-releases/417-alma-reveals-workings-of-nearby-planetary-system- https://arxiv.org/abs/1204.0007 http://www.almaobservatory.org/en/press-room/press-releases/1040-alma-explores-the-hubble-ultra-deep-field-uncovers-insights-into-golden-age-of-galaxy-formation http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-iarticle_query?1959ApJ...129..243S&data_type=PDF_HIGH&whole_paper=YES&type=PRINTER&filetype=.pdf https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9712213 http://www.almaobservatory.org/en/press-room/press-releases/1038-alma-uncovers-secrets-of-giant-space-blob https://arxiv.org/pdf/1608.02941.pdf Thumbnail image credit: almaobservatory.org Images: http://www.almaobservatory.org/en/visuals/images/antennas-and-transporters/?g2_itemId=5187 http://spacetelescope.org/images/heic0821a/ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Heic0821f.jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:NASA-HS201427a-HubbleUltraDeepField2014-20140603.jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Animation_of_a_Lyman-alpha_blob.ogv https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ALMA_Fomalhaut_eng.tif http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2009/labs/animations.html https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fomalhaut_IR.jpg

ALMA observations have revealed that a very distant galaxy, seen when the Universe was just 4% of its current age, was rich in cosmic dust. This ESOcast Light quickly looks at what this means and why it is important. The video is available in 4K UHD. The ESOcast Light is a series of short videos bringing you the wonders of the Universe in bite-sized pieces. The ESOcast Light episodes will not be replacing the standard, longer ESOcasts, but complement them with current astronomy news and images in ESO press releases. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso1708a/ Subscribe to ESOcast in iTunes! https://itunes.apple.com/podcast/esocast-hd/id295471183?mt=2 Receive future episodes on YouTube by pressing the Subscribe button above or follow us on Vimeo: https://vimeo.com/esoastronomy Watch more ESOcast episodes: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/esocast/ Find out how to view and contribute subtitles for the ESOcast in multiple languages, or translate this video on dotSUB: http://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/translators/ Credit: ESO Editing: Herbert Zodet.  Web and technical support: Mathias André and Raquel Yumi Shida. Written by: Thomas Barratt, Lauren Fuge, Oana Sandu & Richard Hook. Music: Jennifer Athena Galatis.  Footage and photos: ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO), NASA, ESA, ESO and D. Coe (STScI)/J. Merten (Heidelberg/Bologna)/spaceengine.org/Digitized Sky Survey 2, M. Kornmesser and  P. Horálek. Directed by: Herbert Zodet.  Executive producer: Lars Lindberg Christensen.

Astronomers using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) have discovered a surprising connection between a supermassive black hole and the galaxy where it resides. Powerful radio jets from the black hole – which normally suppress star formation – are stimulating the production of cold gas in the galaxy's extended halo of hot gas. This newly identified supply of cold, dense gas could eventually fuel future star birth as well as feed the black hole itself. Read more (https://public.nrao.edu/news/pressreleases/2017-alma-phoenix). Credit: NRAO/AUI/NSF. Written and Narrated by Charles Blue (NRAO/AUI/NSF). Produced by Alexandra Angelich (NRAO/AUI/NSF). Animations and footage courtesy of Alexandra Angelich (NRAO/AUI/NSF); NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center/CI Lab; ESO. Science Image courtesy of ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO); Hubble Space Telescope (NASA/ESA); NASA/CXC/MIT/M.McDonald; Bill Saxton (NRAO/AUI/NSF). Music by Mark Mercury

This final episode of this series relates how ESO — based on experience gathered over the past fifty years as the most powerful observatory in history — is going to satisfy the eternal longing of astronomers: the construction of even bigger telescopes. Subscribe for more Space wonders on ΥουΤυbe: https://tinyurl.com/SpaceTelescopesYouTube

The most complex ground-based astronomy observatory in the world, the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), has officially opened for astronomers. The first released image, from a telescope still under construction, reveals a view of the Universe that cannot be seen at all by visible-light and infrared telescopes. Thousands of scientists from around the world competed to be the first few researchers to explore some of the darkest, coldest, furthest, and most hidden secrets of the cosmos with this new astronomical tool. Learn more about the ALMA Observatory at http://www.spacetv.net/alma-radio-telescope-observatory/ Learn more about RADIO ASTRONOMY at http://www.spacetv.net/radio-astronomy/ Credit: ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO).

A state-of-the-art telescope to study light with wavelengths of about one millimetre, shining from some of the coldest objects in the Universe, ALMA is a cooperation of the European Southern Observatory (ESO), together with its international partners. The site of ALMA is the 5000-m altitude Chajnantor plateau in northern Chile, one of the driest places on Earth. Learn more about the ALMA Observatory at http://www.spacetv.net/alma-radio-telescope-observatory/ Learn more about RADIO ASTRONOMY at http://www.spacetv.net/radio-astronomy/ Credit: ESO, ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO), C. Malin , P. Horálek, Liam Young, B. Tafreshi, J.J. Tobin (University of Oklahoma/Leiden University), M. Kaufman, Theofanis N. Matsopoulos, H.H.Heyer, S. Argandoña and H. Zodet. Music by Movetwo

An international team of astronomers exploring the disk of gas and dust the bright star Beta Pictoris have uncovered a compact cloud of poisonous gas formed by ongoing rapid-fire collisions among a swarm of icy, comet-like bodies. The researchers suggest the comet swarm may be frozen debris trapped and concentrated by the gravity of an as-yet-unseen planet. Using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) in Chile, astronomers mapped millimeter-wavelength light from dust and carbon monoxide (CO) molecules in a disk surrounding the star. Learn more about Exoplanets at http://www.spacetv.net/exoplanets/ This video is public domain and can be downloaded at: http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/ Music: "Halos" by Lars Leonhard, courtesy of the artist and Ultimae Records. www.lars-leonhard.de www.ultimae.com

The sounds of Orion's nebula as detected by the ALMA radio-telescope

The Atacama Large Millimeter Array is an astronomical interferometer of radio telescopes in the Atacama desert of northern Chile. Credit: ESO Follow Us: Facebook: https://goo.gl/QapZAe Twitter: https://goo.gl/RoQSmJ

The Atacama Large Millimeter Array is an astronomical interferometer of radio telescopes in the Atacama desert of northern Chile. Since a high and dry site is crucial to millimeter and sub millimeter wavelength operations, the array has been constructed on the Chajnantor plateau at 5,000 meters altitude, near Llano de Chajnantor Observatory and Atacama Pathfinder Experiment. Credit: ESO Follow Us: Facebook: https://goo.gl/QapZAe Twitter: https://goo.gl/RoQSmJ

On October 3, 2011, ALMA opened its eyes to show us an incredible picture of the Antennas’ galaxies and revealed that which, until that very moment, had been invisible to humanity: the gas cloud incubators of the stars that were found there. This began a process of extraordinary discovery in every field of modern astronomy: from the Sun to the farthest away galaxies, passing by asteroids, the Solar System and protoplanetary systems, as well as revealing the complexity of the Universe’s chemistry.

This video sequence combines a background picture taken by the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope (blue/green) with a new very deep ALMA view of this field (orange, marked with circles). All the objects that ALMA sees appear to be massive star-forming galaxies. This image is based on the ALMA survey by J. Dunlop and colleagues, covering the full HUDF area. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso1633a/ Credit: NASA/ESA/ESO/J. Dunlop

This is a 360 video of my visit to the 5000m high array of 66 huge radio telescopes that make up the ALMA observatory in Chile - a joint venture in astronomy between the European Southern Observatory, as well as collaborators in North America, East Asia and Chile.

ALMA Sounds is a meeting point between radio astronomy captured by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) and musical creations made from observations taken from the most important radio telescope in the world. It arose from the recurring curiosity of artists and astronomers to understand and transcend the Universe. The project came to life with the arrival of the Sonar+D music and innovation festival to Chile: the perfect environment for astronomers and musicians to seek out a common language. The festival organizers proposed the project to ALMA and together they gave the initial impetus to the idea. It wasn’t an easy task. The waves captured by ALMA are completely different than the raw material musicians usually work with. ALMA Sounds is an initiative that seeks to interpret and decode the frequencies of the Universe, transforming them into sounds that can then be used by artists around the world to compose, share and create a community united around a search that has captivated humans for thousands of years.

This artist’s impression video shows the molecule methanol, or methyl alcohol (CH3OH). This organic compound has been found by the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) in the closest known protoplanetary disc, around the star TW Hydrae in the huge constellation of Hydra (The Female Watersnake). This is the first such detection of the compound in a young planet-forming disc. Its detection helps astronomers understand the chemical processes that occur during the formation of planetary systems and that ultimately lead to the creation of the ingredients for life. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso1619b/ Credit: ESO/M. Kornmesser

Scientists in Chile have discovered a new, earth-like planet forming in orbit of a star very much like our own sun called TW Hydrae. Scientists believe that planets are formed from disks of debris that circle stars. Sometimes that debris coalesces into planets, creating a gap in the planetary disk which can be a tell-tale sign of a planet in the early stages of formation. David Wilner, a co-author of the study said in a statement, "TW Hydrae is quite special. It is the nearest known protoplanetary disk to Earth and it may closely resemble our Solar System when it was only 10 million years old." There may also be two more planets forming. The Scientists also found gaps in the disk which mirror the orbits of Uranus and Pluto in our solar system. By studying this distant solar system, scientists may be able to help piece together the history of our own solar system and how it fits into the context of the universe as a whole. http://feeds.mashable.com/~r/Mashable/~3/e2lYiqCrEY4/ http://www.wochit.com This video was produced by YT Wochit News using http://wochit.com

This video shows ALMA’s best image of a protoplanetary disc to date. The picture of the nearby young star TW Hydrae reveals the classic rings and gaps that signify planets are in formation in this system. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso1... Credit: S. Andrews (Harvard-Smithsonian CfA); B. Saxton (NRAO/AUI/NSF); ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO). Music: Johan B. Monell (www.johanmonell.com).

Using ALMA, astronomers have taken a new, detailed look at the very early stages of planet formation around a binary star. Embedded in the outer reaches of a double star's protoplanetary disk, the researchers discovered a striking crescent-shape region of dust that is conspicuously devoid of gas. Astronomers struggle to understand how planets form in binary star systems. Early models suggested that the gravitational tug-of-war between two stellar bodies would send young planets into eccentric orbits, possibly ejecting them completely from their home system or sending them crashing into their stars. Observational evidence, however, reveals that planets do indeed form and maintain surprisingly stable orbits around double stars. To better understand how such systems form and evolve, astronomers using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) took a new, detailed look at the planet-forming disk around HD 142527, a binary star about 450 light-years from Earth in a cluster of young stars known as the Scorpius-Centaurus Association. The HD 142527 system consists of a main star a little more than twice the mass of our Sun and a smaller companion star only about a third the mass of our Sun. They are separated by approximately one billion miles: a little more than the distance from the Sun to Saturn. Previous ALMA studies of this system revealed surprising details about the structure of the system's inner and outer disks. ( https://youtu.be/sRQcNdn2Lgw ) Planets form out of the expansive disks of dust and gas that surround young stars. Small dust grains and pockets of gas eventually come together under gravity, forming larger and larger agglomerations and eventually asteroids and planets. The fine points of this process are not well understood, however. By studying a wide range of protoplanetary disks with ALMA, astronomers hope to better understand the conditions that set the stage for planet formation across the Universe. ALMA's new, high-resolution images of HD 142527 show a broad elliptical ring around the double star. The disk begins incredibly far from the central star — about 50 times the Sun-Earth distance. Most of it consists of gases, including two forms of carbon monoxide (13CO and C180), but there is a noticeable dearth of gases within a huge arc of dust that extends nearly a third of the way around the star system. This crescent-shaped dust cloud may be the result of gravitational forces unique to binary stars and may also be the key to the formation of planets. Its lack of free-floating gases is likely the result of them freezing out and forming a thin layer of ice on the dust grains.

There’s a telescope deep in Chile’s Atacama Desert that takes pictures so massive that it requires a supercomputer as powerful as 16 million PCs to decipher the images. This is the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA), run by the National Radio Astronomy Observatory and the data it’s retrieving from space, after crunched by an incredibly powerful supercomputer, is showing astronomers things about the genesis of planets, galaxies and, well, the entire universe. This story was made in partnership with Hewlett Packard Enterprise: http://www.hpe.com #SeizeTheData SUBSCRIBE: https://goo.gl/vR6Acb Follow us behind the scenes on Instagram: http://goo.gl/2KABeX Make our acquaintance on Facebook: http://goo.gl/Vn0XIZ Give us a shout on Twitter: http://goo.gl/sY1GLY Visit our world directly: http://www.greatbigstory.com Great Big Story is a video network dedicated to the untold, overlooked & flat-out amazing. Humans are capable of incredible things & we're here to tell their stories. When a rocket lands in your backyard, you get in.

ALMA will be comprised of some 64 12-meter, submillimetre-quality antennas at the high-altitude (5000 m) Llano de Chajnantor, possible the world's best site for millimetre astronomy, close to San Pedro de Atacama in northern Chile. Here, the European Southern Observatory (ESO), together with its international partners, will build ALMA a state-of-the-art telescope to study light from some of the coldest objects in the Universe. This light falls between infrared light and radio waves, with wavelengths around a millimetre and is therefore known as millimetre and submillimetre radiation. Help us translate this video: http://www.youtube.com/timedtext_video?v=uOs99UBd8CA&ref=share Credit: ESO Subscribe for more Space wonders on ΥουΤυbe: https://tinyurl.com/SpaceTelescopesYouTube

Our first video at the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). More ALMA: http://bit.ly/ALMA_Playlist Featuring commissioning scientist Denis Barkats. ALMA: http://www.almaobservatory.org More videos about telescopes: http://bit.ly/telescopetours Deep Sky Videos website: http://www.deepskyvideos.com/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/#!/DeepSkyVideos Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/DeepSkyVideos More about the astronomers in our videos: http://www.deepskyvideos.com/pages/contributors.html Made possible by: The University of Nottingham and The University of Sheffield. Video by Brady Haran

More space news and info at: http://www.coconutsciencelab.com - 3 Juno was the third asteroid to be discovered and is one of the larger main-belt asteroids, being one of the two largest stony (S-type) asteroids, along with 15 Eunomia. A sequence of observations was made of Juno using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) radio telescope and later assembled into the short movie. The observations were conducted over the course of four hours, when Juno was approximately 295 million kilometers from Earth. The resolution of the new ALMA observations is a vast improvement over earlier observations made at similar wavelengths and is enough to clearly resolve the irregular shape of the asteroid and potentially tease out prominent surface features Please rate and comment, thanks! Image Credit: European Southern Observatory

Chile’s ALMA radio telescope has captured a highly detailed image of a nearly contiguous Einstein ring. Chile’s ALMA radio telescope has captured a highly detailed image of a complete Einstein ring.  The light itself is emitting from a starburst galaxy located about 12 billion light years from earth.   What’s making it appear circular is another galaxy that is positioned between it and Earth.  The closer galactic entity is causing a bending of the light that passes over it, resulting in a phenomenon called gravitational lensing.  That such an event can occur was foreseen in Albert Einstein’s theory of relativity, which is how the ring-like features got their name.  Given the distance of the light source, what’s being seen from Earth now was actually emitted back when the universe was in its nascent stages.  The study of such emanations is among the ways scientists gain a greater understanding of what the early days of space were like.  The Einstein ring will aid in those efforts by allowing astronomers to better study the hidden galaxy.  Such an endeavor could result in, “…a reconstruction of the true image of the distant galaxy."

This video by Stéphane Guisard was presented at the 2012 Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation plenary session as a part of an ALMA project update by then project director Thijs De Graauw. © Stéphane Guisard. http://sguisard.astrosurf.com http://spie.org/as - SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation Symposium ALMA (the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array) is one of the largest ground-based astronomy projects of the next decade and will be the major new facility for observations in the millimeter/submillimeter regime. It will enable transformational research into the physics of the cold Universe, probe the first stars and galaxies, and directly image the formation of planets. Since September 2014 ALMA has been observing the Universe using its longest ever baselines, with antennas separated by up to 15 kilometres. This Long Baseline Campaign will continue until 1 December 2014. The baseline is the distance between two of the antennas in the array. As a comparison, other facilities operating at millimetre wavelengths provide antennas separated by no more than two kilometres. The maximum possible ALMA baseline is 16 kilometres. Future observations at shorter wavelengths will achieve even higher image sharpness. The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), an international astronomy facility, is a partnership of Europe, North America and East Asia in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. ALMA is funded in Europe by the European Southern Observatory (ESO), in North America by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) in cooperation with the National Research Council of Canada (NRC) and the National Science Council of Taiwan (NSC) and in East Asia by the National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS) of Japan in cooperation with the Academia Sinica (AS) in Taiwan. ALMA construction and operations are led on behalf of Europe by ESO, on behalf of North America by the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO), which is managed by Associated Universities, Inc. (AUI) and on behalf of East Asia by the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ). The Joint ALMA Observatory (JAO) provides the unified leadership and management of the construction, commissioning and operation of ALMA. Numerous technical papers related to ALMA were presented at the 2014 SPIE symposium on Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation. A plenary talk by ALMA director Pierre Cox, consisting of an update on construction and science observations, is available online.

The most detailed image to date of new planets forming around a star have been captured by the Alma radio telescope. The sun-like star at the centre of the vast disc of dust and gas is HL Tauri, less than a million years old and 450 light years from Earth in the constellation Taurus. “It’s like a dream that’s come true. I mean, people have thought about it for 20 years and now we see it. So it’s like an epiphany, something exceptional and also exceptional in the lifetime of an observatory,” explained Pierre Cox, Alma Director. It’s believed this latest development could transform theories about planet formation. The images were made possible by Alma’s new high-resolution capabilities. It is based high in the Chilean desert and until now most of what astronomers knew about planet formation was based on theory.

Using the ALMA radio telescope in Chile, astronomers were able to capture the formation of a new planet, and scientists are observing it happen more clearly than ever before. Hari Sreenivasan reports.

The most detailed image to date of new planets forming around a star (HL Tauri) have been captured by the Alma radio telescope. The sun like star at the centre of the vast disc of dust and gas is HL Tauri less than a million years old and 450 light years from Earth in the constellation Taurus. "It's like a dream that's come true. I mean, people have thought about it for 20 years and now we see it. So it's like an epiphany, something exceptional and also exceptional in the lifetime of an observatory," … READ MORE : http://www.euronews.com/2014/11/07/alma-telescope-captures-new-planet-being-born What are the top stories today? Click to watch: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSyY1udCyYqBeDOz400FlseNGNqReKkFd euronews: the most watched news channel in Europe Subscribe! http://www.youtube.com/subscription_center?add_user=euronews euronews is available in 14 languages: https://www.youtube.com/user/euronewsnetwork/channels In English: Website: http://www.euronews.com/news Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/euronews Twitter: http://twitter.com/euronews Google+: http://google.com/+euronews VKontakte: http://vk.com/en.euronews

ESOcast 69 presents the result of the latest ALMA observations, which reveal extraordinarily fine detail that has never been seen before in the planet-forming disc around the young star HL Tauri. This revolutionary image is the result of the first observations that have used ALMA with its antennas at close to the widest configuration possible. As a result, it is the sharpest picture ever made at submillimetre wavelengths. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso1436a/ Subscribe to our iTunes channel here: http://itunes.apple.com/podcast/esocast-hd/id295471183 Credit: ESO Visual design and editing: Martin Kornmesser and Luis Calçada. Editing: Herbert Zodet. Web and technical support: Mathias André and Raquel Yumi Shida. Written by: Mathias Jäger, Herbert Zodet and Richard Hook. Narration: Sara Mendes da Costa. Music: Johan B. Monell (www.johanmonell.com) Footage and photos: ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO), NASA, ESA, Digitized Sky Survey 2, N. Risinger (skysurvey.org), L. Calçada, M. Kornmesser, Y. Beletsky (LCO)/ESO, and Christoph Malin (christophmalin.com). Directed by: Herbert Zodet. Executive producer: Lars Lindberg Christensen.

Video of a collision between two galaxies, leading to the formation of a disk galaxy. Upon merging, the shape of the galaxies is disturbed by gravitational interaction and grow into a galaxy with a disk structure. Observations of colliding galaxies using ALMA and other radio telescopes have revealed that collisions between galaxies are likely to result in a galaxy with a gaseous disk structure. This is an important result, which gives us a clue about how disk galaxies like our own Milky Way form. For decades scientists have believed that galaxy mergers usually result in the formation of elliptical galaxies. Now, for the the first time, researchers using ALMA and a host of other radio telescopes have found direct evidence that merging galaxies can instead form pancake galaxies, and that this outcome is in fact quite common. This surprising result could explain why there are so many spiral galaxies like the Milky Way in the Universe. An international research group led by Junko Ueda, a Japan Society for the Promotion of Science postdoctoral fellow, has made surprising observations, with ALMA and other radio telescopes, that most galaxy collisions in the nearby Universe (within 40–600 million light-years from Earth) result in so-called disc galaxies. These galaxies, including spiral galaxies like the Milky Way and lenticular galaxies, are defined by pancake-shaped regions of dust and gas, and are distinct from the category of elliptical galaxies. It has, for some time, been widely accepted that merging disc galaxies would eventually form an elliptically shaped galaxy. During these violent interactions the galaxies do not only gain mass as they merge or cannibalise each-other, but they are also changing their shape throughout cosmic time, and therefore changing type along the way. Computer simulations from the 1970s predicted that mergers between two comparable disc galaxies would result in an elliptical galaxy. The simulations predict that most galaxies today are elliptical, clashing with observations that over 70% of galaxies are in fact disc galaxies. However, more recent simulations have suggested that collisions could also form disc galaxies. To identify the final shapes of galaxies after mergers observationally, the group studied the distribution of gas in 37 galaxies that are in their final stages of merging. The Atacama Large Millimeter/sub-millimeter Array (ALMA) and several other radio telescopes were used to observe emission from carbon monoxide (CO), an indicator of molecular gas. Distribution of gas in merging galaxies observed by radio telescopes. Contours indicate the radio intensity emitted from CO gas. The colour shows the motion of gas. The red color indicates gas is moving away from us while the blue colour is coming closer to us. The gradation from red to blue means that gas is rotating in a disc-like manner around the centre of the galaxy.

Shep Doeleman, principal investigator of the ALMA Phasing Project and assistant director of MIT's Haystack Observatory discusses the exciting science awaiting an ALMA-enabled Event Horizon Telescope.

ALMA is short for (Atacama Large Millimetre/Submillimetre Array). It's a powerful telescope located in Chile, which is starting to unlock information about how galaxies and solar systems were formed. It has 66 large dish antennas moving in perfect synchrony. By combining the data collected, ALMA constructs images comparable to those that a much larger telescope would see... READ MORE : http://www.euronews.com/2014/06/23/alma-telescope-amazes-scientists euronews knowledge brings you a fresh mix of the world's most interesting know-hows, directly from space and sci-tech experts. Subscribe for your dose of space and sci-tech: http://www.youtube.com/subscription_center?add_user=euronewsknowledge Made by euronews, the most watched news channel in Europe.

More space news and info at: http://www.coconutsciencelab.com - the final antenna for the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) project arrived onsite at the ALMA Observatory, 5000 meters above sea level. The 66 ALMA antennas are located on the Chajnantor Plateau in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile. In the future they will work together as one giant telescope. Please rate and comment, thanks! Credit: Image credit: A. Marinkovic, X-Cam, ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO) Music: Johan B. Monell (www.johanmonell.com)

£1 billion 'time machine' could reveal how the universe formed: Final antenna is added to Alma array to help explore the cosmos • Last giant antenna for Alma recently arrived in Chile's Chajnantor Plateau • Alma is the world's largest land-based observatory and uses 66 antennae • Alma's antennae are accurate enough to see a golf ball nine miles away • Alma began full-scale operation in March and it has already spotted a star formation near the centre of the Milky Way's supermassive black hole • Scientists say the Alma array is poised to reach its full potential next year A £1 billion ($1.6 billion) 'time machine', which could reveal mysteries of the universe, is finally complete. The last giant antenna for Alma, the world's largest land-based observatory, recently arrived in Chile allowing scientists to peer deeper into the cosmos than ever before. It is hoped it will allow astronomers to learn about our origins by peering back to almost the first moments after the universe was formed. A £1 billion 'time machine', which could finally reveal mysteries of the universe, is complete. The last giant antenna (pictured) for Alma, the world's largest land-based observatory, recently arrived in Chile allowing scientists to peer deeper into the cosmos than ever before The Alma array is situated high on the Chajnantor Plateau, a remote area of the Atacama Desert in northern Chile at 16,400 feet (5,000 metres) above sea level. There, the dryness and altitude create some of the best conditions for observing the night sky. With the latest arrival, the observatory combines the forces of 66 radio antennae, most almost 40 feet (12 metres) in diameter. Combined, they make the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (Alma) accurate enough to see a golf ball nine miles (15 km) away. With the latest arrival, the observatory combines the forces of 66 radio antennae, most almost 40ft (12 metres) in diameter. Combined, they make the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (Alma) accurate enough to see a golf ball nine miles (15 kilometres) awayWith all the antennae working in unison as a giant telescope, the observatory will provide astronomers with a window into the early universe. This is where cosmic secrets wait to be discovered, said project director Pierre Cox, who added Alma is poised to reach its full potential next year. 'Up to now Alma's observations and data were published with 16 to 20 antennae, now we're going to have double that or more, hence there will be a jump in sensitivity: better, quicker and more data,' Cox said. I think there will be a real stream of scientific results in the coming months and years.' The new dish is the 25th European antenna to be transported up to the observatory. It will work alongside 25 other antennae from North America and four from East Asia, as well as 12 smaller 22ft (7 metre) dishes from East Asia. The $1.6 billion telescope, which began full-scale operation in March, has already spotted galaxies expelling gas and a star formation near the centre of the Milky Way's supermassive black hole. It also has captured the first image of an icy ring around a distant star. By collecting radio waves rather than optical light, Alma can look through the dense dust clouds of deep space. This will give astronomers a glimpse of galaxies from just after the Big Bang. It can also look at how individual stars and planets are formed. This could shine a light on our creation as it is believed the elements spewed out by dying stars went on the seed the sun, the planets and, eventually, humans. "science and technology news" "science technology news" "news about science and technology" "science & technology news" "news on science and technology" "news science and technology" "news in science and technology" "science news" "science in the news" "news of science and technology" "science news in hindi" "technology science news" "science news technology" nasa space program, nasa programs, nasa program, nasa constellation program, nasa postdoctoral program

The final antenna for the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) project has been taken up to the high-level site at the ALMA Observatory, 5.000 meters above sea level. Its arrival completes the complement of 66 ALMA antennas on the Chajnantor Plateau in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile—where they will in future work together as one giant telescope. The 66th antenna was transported to the Array Operations Site (AOS) on Friday 13 June 2014. The 12-meter diameter dish is the 25th and final European antenna to be transported up to the Chajnantor Plateau. It will work alongside its European predecessors, as well as 25 North American 12-meter antennas and 16 East Asian (four 12-meter and twelve 7-meter) antennas. The global ALMA collaboration is the largest ground-based astronomical project in existence. ALMA probes the Universe using light with millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths, between infrared light and radio waves in the electromagnetic spectrum. Light at these wavelengths originates from vast cold clouds in interstellar space and from some of the earliest and most distant galaxies in the Universe. The telescope will provide astronomers with a window into the mysterious cold Universe where secrets of our cosmic origins are waiting to be discovered.

Short video of the manufacturing scene of the Japanese ALMA antennas. [Contents] - Machining of the antenna mount structures - Design and development of the direct drive system - Design and development of the precise positioning system (Metrology system) Caption: English Voice: Japanese

Anthony (Tony) Beasley became the Director of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) on 21 May 2012. He succeeded Fred K.Y. Lo, who served as NRAO Director from 1 September 2002 through 20 May 2012. Beasley received his Bachelor's Degree in Physics with First Class Honours, and a PhD in Astrophysics from the University of Sydney in 1986 and 1991, respectively. His doctoral thesis examined magnetic field generation and solar-stellar activity in post-main-sequence stars. After his completing his PhD, he joined NRAO first as a post-doc, then as a scientific staff member and senior manager in Socorro, NM and Charlottesville, VA. His scientific interests include non-thermal stellar radio emission, Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) techniques, radio supernovae, and astrometry of stellar/interstellar masers. Beasley departed NRAO in 2000 for new challenges as the Project Manager for the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy (CARMA), a University-based millimeter array funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) and located at a high-altitude site in the Inyo National Forest of eastern California. He returned to NRAO in September 2004 as the ALMA Project Manager in the Joint ALMA Observatory in Santiago, Chile. During his tenure as ALMA Project Manager, Beasley led the ALMA construction project through multiple international reviews and a major re-baselining effort that ultimately led to National Science Board approval of a 40% funding increment. Since 2000, Beasley's career has focused on the design, construction, operation, and management of major scientific research facilities. Prior to his appointment as NRAO Director, he served for more than four years as Chief Operations Officer and Project Manager for the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON), a continental-scale observatory designed to provide scientists with 30 years of ecological data on the impacts of climate change, land use change, and invasive species on natural resources and biodiversity. NEON is a project of the NSF, in cooperation with many other US agencies and NGOs. Beasley built and led the NEON, Inc. team that developed the detailed project definition and produced the prototype and test site build that led to a NSF Major Research Equipment and Facilities Construction award in 2011. In the spirit of ideas worth spreading, TEDx is a program of local, self-organized events that bring people together to share a TED-like experience. At a TEDx event, TEDTalks video and live speakers combine to spark deep discussion and connection in a small group. These local, self-organized events are branded TEDx, where x = independently organized TED event. The TED Conference provides general guidance for the TEDx program, but individual TEDx events are self-organized.* (*Subject to certain rules and regulations) CREDITS: Animations: www.joanhtobias.com Film & Staging: www.theavcompany.net Editing: MC2 Creative

Images taken by the Alma Radio Telescope in Chile have revealed the formation of space dust particles in a supernova 168 thousand light years away from Earth. Images taken by the Alma Radio Telescope in Chile have revealed the formation of space dust particles in a supernova 168 thousand light years away from Earth. Experts have long hypothesized that space dust is formed by exploding stars called supernovas, but this is the first time that telescopic images have proven that theory. By observing the progress of the supernova 1987A using before and after images, astronomers were able to identify an increase in the amount of surrounding space dust as more and more of the mass of the star turns to dust. Mikako Matsuura, a scientist associated with the study from University College London, is quoted as saying: "Today we know dust can be created in several ways, but in the early universe most of it must have come from supernovas. We finally have direct evidence to support that theory." Space dust is an important part of the formation of galaxies, so observing how it is created will help astronomers further understand the processes that occur in deep space.