COLONIZING MARS

Join Scientific American for a conversation about the next steps in humanity’s reconnaissance of Mars. Featuring Casey Dreier, senior space policy adviser at The Planetary Society, and space & physics editor Lee Billings, this deep dive will begin with an overview of NASA’s upcoming Perseverance rover, slated to land on Mars in February 2021 to search for signs of past and present life and to gather samples for future return to Earth. Dreier and Billings will also discuss the “post-Perseverance” future in which space agencies and private companies may pursue major shifts in Mars exploration strategies, and how those plans could forever change our understanding of—and relationship with—the Red Planet. Please visit our website to discover the latest advances in science and technology: http://bit.ly/30Z4ZpZ Discover world-changing science with a subscription to Scientific American. Learn more: http://bit.ly/2RtR1cs

The perfect balance of radioactive elements inside planets like ours might make it habitable, and researchers are challenging some ideas about how Mars is losing its water. Get 10% off today—WITH FREE WORLDWIDE SHIPPING—by going to http://ridge.com/SCISHOW and use code “SCISHOW” at check out. Hosted by: Caitlin Hofmeister SciShow has a spinoff podcast! It's called SciShow Tangents. Check it out at http://www.scishowtangents.org ---------- Support SciShow by becoming a patron on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/scishow ---------- Huge thanks go to the following Patreon supporters for helping us keep SciShow free for everyone forever: Jb Taishoff, Bd_Tmprd, Harrison Mills, Jeffrey Mckishen, James Knight, Christoph Schwanke, Jacob, Matt Curls, Sam Buck, Christopher R Boucher, Eric Jensen, Lehel Kovacs, Adam Brainard, Greg, Ash, Sam Lutfi, Piya Shedden, KatieMarie Magnone, Scott Satovsky Jr, Charles Southerland, charles george, Alex Hackman, Chris Peters, Kevin Bealer ---------- Like SciShow? Want to help support us, and also get things to put on your walls, cover your torso and hold your liquids? Check out our awesome products over at DFTBA Records: http://dftba.com/scishow ---------- Looking for SciShow elsewhere on the internet? Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/scishow Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/scishow Tumblr: http://scishow.tumblr.com Instagram: http://instagram.com/thescishow ---------- Sources: https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-11/uoc--rem111020.php https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2041-8213/abc251 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2011.04791.pdf https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-11/uoa-efm111220.php https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-11/aaft-tow110920.php https://www.eurekalert.org/jrnls/sci/summaries-11-13-20.php#A https://www.eurekalert.org/jrnls/sci/emb_scipak/pdf/stone201113.pdf Images: https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13266 https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4550 https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10543 https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/details.cgi?aid=3926 https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20237 https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20201 https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3896 https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13485 https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13016 https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13771 https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11025 https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4635

Where should the first space settlements go? Mars? The Moon? L5? Equatorial low Earth orbit? And why is your chosen locale the right place to get started? Listen to and watch two of the titans of space settlement go head to head. Who knows, they could be deciding where your future home will be! Joel Sercel is President and Founder of TransAstra Corporation, a Los Angeles based aerospace company developing the technology and systems needed to find and use space resources for the benefit of humanity. Sercel is a serial entrepreneur and proven innovator who has co-founded three successful companies, ICS Associates, Momentus, and TransAstra. Sercel is a six time NASA NIAC Fellow and one of the first two NIAC Fellows to have received a Phase 3 award. During his 14 year career at JPL, Sercel led NASA’s advanced space propulsion technology research program, architected JPL’s end-to-end space project engineering process, and started the NSTAR project which was flown in space on the Deep Space 1 and the Dawn mission to the asteroid belt. Sercel is the inventor of the Mosquito soil hardness measuring system in use by US special forces. Sercel has served the National Academy of Sciences, advised the JASONs, lectured for 12 years at Caltech, and given over 200 paid invited speeches and courses to agencies of the US government, NASA, private industry, and universities in North and South America, Europe, and Asia. He is the author of 16 patent applications in aerospace technology. Robert Zubrin is President of Pioneer Astronautics, an aerospace R&D company located in Lakewood, Colorado. He is also the founder and President of the Mars Society. Formerly a Staff Engineer at Lockheed Martin Astronautics in Denver, he holds a Master’s degree in Aeronautics and Astronautics and a Ph.D. in Nuclear Engineering from the University of Washington. Zubrin is the author of 9 books, 15 patents, and over 200 published technical and non-technical papers in the field of space exploration and technology. Anita Gale co-founded events in the 1980s that became the International Space Settlement Design Competition. Her research for the Competition led to writing and presenting papers on triggering events for space settlement, space infrastructure, and economic justifications for space settlements. Her 40-year career with The Boeing Company included payload and cargo integration for reusable launch vehicles, proposals for future space vehicles, road mapping space infrastructure development, and multiple R&D projects to improve space vehicle operations. Anita is an elected NSS Board Member, and currently serves as the NSS Secretary.

Earth is the only place in the entire universe we know for sure can support life... It's difficult to imagine ever having to give it all up... But what if that’s exactly what we had to do? In this video, Unveiled asks what would happen if humankind had to leave planet Earth? Get ready for the biggest evacuation in history! This is Unveiled, giving you incredible answers to extraordinary questions! Find more amazing videos for your curiosity here: What If Aliens Are Time Traveling Humans? - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WPSm1Fy7GUM What Will Mars Look Like in 100 Years? - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SOCDjlE6IJ4 Are you constantly curious? Then subscribe for more from Unveiled ► https://wmojo.com/unveiled-subscribe #WhatIf #Evacuation #EndOfDays

Session Track Code: SA-1 From the 23nd Annual International Mars Society Convention, held as a Virtual Convention worldwide on the Internet from October 15-18, 2020. It was a historic and record event for the Mars Society with over 10,000 attendeees, 150 speakers, and over 100,000 viewers. The four-day International Mars Society Convention, held every year since 1998, brings together leading scientists, engineers, aerospace industry representatives, government policymakers and journalists to talk about the latest scientific discoveries, technological advances and political-economic developments that could help pave the way for a human mission to the planet Mars. Conference Papers and some presentations will be available on www.MarsPapers.org For more information on the Mars Society, visit our website at www.MarsSociety.org

Session Track Code: TC-8 From the 23nd Annual International Mars Society Convention, held as a Virtual Convention worldwide on the Internet from October 15-18, 2020. It was a historic and record event for the Mars Society with over 10,000 attendeees, 150 speakers, and over 100,000 viewers. The four-day International Mars Society Convention, held every year since 1998, brings together leading scientists, engineers, aerospace industry representatives, government policymakers and journalists to talk about the latest scientific discoveries, technological advances and political-economic developments that could help pave the way for a human mission to the planet Mars. Conference Papers and some presentations will be available on www.MarsPapers.org For more information on the Mars Society, visit our website at www.MarsSociety.org

Session Track Code: TB-4 From the 23nd Annual International Mars Society Convention, held as a Virtual Convention worldwide on the Internet from October 15-18, 2020. It was a historic and record event for the Mars Society with over 10,000 attendeees, 150 speakers, and over 100,000 viewers. The four-day International Mars Society Convention, held every year since 1998, brings together leading scientists, engineers, aerospace industry representatives, government policymakers and journalists to talk about the latest scientific discoveries, technological advances and political-economic developments that could help pave the way for a human mission to the planet Mars. Conference Papers and some presentations will be available on www.MarsPapers.org For more information on the Mars Society, visit our website at www.MarsSociety.org

Session Track Code: TB-7 From the 23nd Annual International Mars Society Convention, held as a Virtual Convention worldwide on the Internet from October 15-18, 2020. It was a historic and record event for the Mars Society with over 10,000 attendees, 150 speakers, and over 100,000 viewers. The four-day International Mars Society Convention, held every year since 1998, brings together leading scientists, engineers, aerospace industry representatives, government policymakers and journalists to talk about the latest scientific discoveries, technological advances and political-economic developments that could help pave the way for a human mission to the planet Mars. Conference Papers and some presentations will be available on www.MarsPapers.org For more information on the Mars Society, visit our website at www.MarsSociety.org

Speaker: Jonathan Lim, Jus Ad Astra Session Track Code: SA-3 From the 23nd Annual International Mars Society Convention, held as a Virtual Convention worldwide on the Internet from October 15-18, 2020. It was a historic and record event for the Mars Society with over 10,000 attendeees, 150 speakers, and over 100,000 viewers. The four-day International Mars Society Convention, held every year since 1998, brings together leading scientists, engineers, aerospace industry representatives, government policymakers and journalists to talk about the latest scientific discoveries, technological advances and political-economic developments that could help pave the way for a human mission to the planet Mars. Conference Papers and some presentations will be available on www.MarsPapers.org For more information on the Mars Society, visit our website at www.MarsSociety.org

From the 23nd Annual International Mars Society Convention, held as a Virtual Convention worldwide on the Internet from October 15-18, 2020. It was a historic and record event for the Mars Society with over 10,000 attendeees, 150 speakers, and over 100,000 viewers. The four-day International Mars Society Convention, held every year since 1998, brings together leading scientists, engineers, aerospace industry representatives, government policymakers and journalists to talk about the latest scientific discoveries, technological advances and political-economic developments that could help pave the way for a human mission to the planet Mars. Conference Papers and some presentations will be available on www.MarsPapers.org For more information on the Mars Society, visit our website at www.MarsSociety.org

Session Track Code: M-1 From the 23nd Annual International Mars Society Convention, held as a Virtual Convention worldwide on the Internet from October 15-18, 2020. It was a historic and record event for the Mars Society with over 10,000 attendeees, 150 speakers, and over 100,000 viewers. The four-day International Mars Society Convention, held every year since 1998, brings together leading scientists, engineers, aerospace industry representatives, government policymakers and journalists to talk about the latest scientific discoveries, technological advances and political-economic developments that could help pave the way for a human mission to the planet Mars. Conference Papers and some presentations will be available on www.MarsPapers.org For more information on the Mars Society, visit our website at www.MarsSociety.org

Session Track Code: TB-4 From the 23nd Annual International Mars Society Convention, held as a Virtual Convention worldwide on the Internet from October 15-18, 2020. It was a historic and record event for the Mars Society with over 10,000 attendeees, 150 speakers, and over 100,000 viewers. The four-day International Mars Society Convention, held every year since 1998, brings together leading scientists, engineers, aerospace industry representatives, government policymakers and journalists to talk about the latest scientific discoveries, technological advances and political-economic developments that could help pave the way for a human mission to the planet Mars. Conference Papers and some presentations will be available on www.MarsPapers.org For more information on the Mars Society, visit our website at www.MarsSociety.org

Session Track Code: TE-3 From the 23nd Annual International Mars Society Convention, held as a Virtual Convention worldwide on the Internet from October 15-18, 2020. It was a historic and record event for the Mars Society with over 10,000 attendeees, 150 speakers, and over 100,000 viewers. The four-day International Mars Society Convention, held every year since 1998, brings together leading scientists, engineers, aerospace industry representatives, government policymakers and journalists to talk about the latest scientific discoveries, technological advances and political-economic developments that could help pave the way for a human mission to the planet Mars. Conference Papers and some presentations will be available on www.MarsPapers.org For more information on the Mars Society, visit our website at www.MarsSociety.org

Session Track Code: TE-2 From the 23nd Annual International Mars Society Convention, held as a Virtual Convention worldwide on the Internet from October 15-18, 2020. It was a historic and record event for the Mars Society with over 10,000 attendeees, 150 speakers, and over 100,000 viewers. The four-day International Mars Society Convention, held every year since 1998, brings together leading scientists, engineers, aerospace industry representatives, government policymakers and journalists to talk about the latest scientific discoveries, technological advances and political-economic developments that could help pave the way for a human mission to the planet Mars. Conference Papers and some presentations will be available on www.MarsPapers.org For more information on the Mars Society, visit our website at www.MarsSociety.org

Session Track Code: TE-1 From the 23nd Annual International Mars Society Convention, held as a Virtual Convention worldwide on the Internet from October 15-18, 2020. It was a historic and record event for the Mars Society with over 10,000 attendeees, 150 speakers, and over 100,000 viewers. The four-day International Mars Society Convention, held every year since 1998, brings together leading scientists, engineers, aerospace industry representatives, government policymakers and journalists to talk about the latest scientific discoveries, technological advances and political-economic developments that could help pave the way for a human mission to the planet Mars. Conference Papers and some presentations will be available on www.MarsPapers.org For more information on the Mars Society, visit our website at www.MarsSociety.org

Session Track Code: TE-6 From the 23nd Annual International Mars Society Convention, held as a Virtual Convention worldwide on the Internet from October 15-18, 2020. It was a historic and record event for the Mars Society with over 10,000 attendeees, 150 speakers, and over 100,000 viewers. The four-day International Mars Society Convention, held every year since 1998, brings together leading scientists, engineers, aerospace industry representatives, government policymakers and journalists to talk about the latest scientific discoveries, technological advances and political-economic developments that could help pave the way for a human mission to the planet Mars. Conference Papers and some presentations will be available on www.MarsPapers.org For more information on the Mars Society, visit our website at www.MarsSociety.org

Session Track Code: TE-5 From the 23nd Annual International Mars Society Convention, held as a Virtual Convention worldwide on the Internet from October 15-18, 2020. It was a historic and record event for the Mars Society with over 10,000 attendeees, 150 speakers, and over 100,000 viewers. The four-day International Mars Society Convention, held every year since 1998, brings together leading scientists, engineers, aerospace industry representatives, government policymakers and journalists to talk about the latest scientific discoveries, technological advances and political-economic developments that could help pave the way for a human mission to the planet Mars. Conference Papers and some presentations will be available on www.MarsPapers.org For more information on the Mars Society, visit our website at www.MarsSociety.org

Session Track Code: TE-4 From the 23nd Annual International Mars Society Convention, held as a Virtual Convention worldwide on the Internet from October 15-18, 2020. It was a historic and record event for the Mars Society with over 10,000 attendeees, 150 speakers, and over 100,000 viewers. The four-day International Mars Society Convention, held every year since 1998, brings together leading scientists, engineers, aerospace industry representatives, government policymakers and journalists to talk about the latest scientific discoveries, technological advances and political-economic developments that could help pave the way for a human mission to the planet Mars. Conference Papers and some presentations will be available on www.MarsPapers.org For more information on the Mars Society, visit our website at www.MarsSociety.org

From the 23nd Annual International Mars Society Convention, held as a Virtual Convention worldwide on the Internet from October 15-18, 2020. It was a historic and record event for the Mars Society with over 10,000 attendeees, 150 speakers, and over 100,000 viewers. The four-day International Mars Society Convention, held every year since 1998, brings together leading scientists, engineers, aerospace industry representatives, government policymakers and journalists to talk about the latest scientific discoveries, technological advances and political-economic developments that could help pave the way for a human mission to the planet Mars. Conference Papers and some presentations will be available on www.MarsPapers.org For more information on the Mars Society, visit our website at www.MarsSociety.org

Take a quick look at Elon Musk's very optimistic schedule. He wants to have SpaceX Starships ready to fly humans to Mars in 2024. Our analysis shows that while it's certainly not impossible, it's also not probable. While we're here let's talk about launch windows and How soon do you think SpaceX Starships will fly humans to Mars? https://patreon.com/smallstars https://twitter.com/smvllstvrs https://instagram.com/smvllstvrs https://twitch.tv/smvllstvrs http://teespring.com/stores/the-smallstars-shop https://www.amazon.com/s?rh=n%3A7141123011%2Cp_4%3Asmallstars *correction* - the 6 month trajectory to Mars is a 2 year free return trajectory back to earth, not 1 year.