COSMOLOGY

Where Did the Laws of Physics Come From? Why is the universe just right for life? Paul Davies joins John Michael Godier to discuss why the universe seems to be fine-tuned for life. How did the universe begin and how will it end? Paul Davies Books Affiliate Links The Demon in the Machine: How Hidden Webs of Information Are Solving the Mystery of Life https://amzn.to/3vXPiOH The Mind of God: The Scientific Basis for a Rational World https://amzn.to/3d6DLUC The Goldilocks Enigma: Why Is the Universe Just Right for Life? https://amzn.to/2QrgWTV God and the New Physics https://amzn.to/3fc6IRV Want to support the channel? Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/EventHorizonShow Follow us at other places! Website: https://www.eventhorizonshow.com/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/jmgeventhorizon Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/jmgeventhorizon/ Music featured on Event Horizon https://stellardrone.bandcamp.com/ https://migueljohnson.bandcamp.com/ https://leerosevere.bandcamp.com/ https://aeriumambient.bandcamp.com/ FOOTAGE: NASA ESA/Hubble ESO - M.Kornmesser ESO - L.Calcada ESO - Jose Francisco Salgado (josefrancisco.org) NAOJ University of Warwick Goddard Visualization Studio Langley Research Center Pixabay

What was it like BEFORE the universe existed? Join us... and find out! Subscribe for more from Unveiled ► https://wmojo.com/unveiled-subscribe The Big Bang Theory is the most widely followed model for the creation of the universe. It says that, at one time, all of the matter and energy in the universe was coiled up in a ball about the size of a grapefruit... until it came to life 13.8 billion years ago! But what existed BEFORE then? In this video, we find out! This is Unveiled, giving you incredible answers to extraordinary questions! 0:00 Start 0:33 Before the Big Bang 2:47 The Singularity 4:48 Ekpyrotic Scenario 5:58 Symmetrical Universe 6:52 Parent Universes 8:04 Conclusions Find more amazing videos for your curiosity here: Are We Living in the Dark Forest? - https://youtu.be/sFvf6Elp3D0 What Will Humanity Look like in 1,000,000 Years? - https://youtu.be/fNj5Akyw49M #Space #Universe #BigBang

https://www.patreon.com/pbsspacetime I have good news and bad news. Bad news first: two years ago we reported on the Crisis in Cosmology. Since then, it’s only gotten worse. And actually, the good news is also that the crisis in cosmology has actually gotten worse, which means we may be onto something! The most exciting thing for any scientist is when something they thought they knew turns out to be wrong. So it’s no wonder that many cosmologists are starting to get excited by what has become known as the Hubble tension, or the crisis in cosmology. The “crisis” is the fact that we have two extremely careful, increasingly precise measurements of how fast the universe is expanding which should agree with each other, and yet they don’t. Original Crisis in Cosmology https://youtu.be/72cM_E6bsOs Sabine Hossenfelder's episode "Do we travel through time at the speed of light?" https://youtu.be/iBTez-nTKes Check out the Space Time Merch Store https://www.pbsspacetime.com/shop Sign up for the mailing list to get episode notifications and hear special announcements! https://mailchi.mp/1a6eb8f2717d/spacetime Hosted by Matt O'Dowd Written by Matt Caplan & Matt O'Dowd Graphics by Leonardo Scholzer, Yago Ballarini, & Pedro Osinski GFX Visualizations: Katherine Kornei Directed by Andrew Kornhaber Assistant Producer: Setare Gholipour Executive Producers: Eric Brown & Andrew Kornhaber Standard Candle Definition https://astronomy.swin.edu.au/cosmos/s/Standard+Candle End Credits Music by J.R.S. Schattenberg: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCRl6-nb4iOnsij-vnpAjp0Q Special Thanks to Our Patreon Supporters Big Bang Rick DeWitt Sandy Wu Matthew Miller Brodie Rao Scott Gray Ahmad Jodeh Radu Negulescu Alexander Tamas Morgan Hough Juan Benet Fabrice Eap Mark Rosenthal David Nicklas Quasar Supporters Hank S Christina Oegren Mark Heising Vinnie Falco Hypernova william bryan Scott Gorlick Nick Berard Paul Stehr-Green Leo Emerson muON Marketing Russell Pope Ben Delo L. Wayne Ausbrooks Nicholas Newlin Adrian Posor Mark Matthew Bosko Антон Кочков Alec S-L John R. Slavik Mathew Danton Spivey Donal Botkin John Pollock Edmund Fokschaner Joseph Salomone Matthew O'Connor chuck zegar Jordan Young m0nk John Hofmann Timothy McCulloch Gamma Ray Burst Supporters Andrew Macleod Diana S Douglas Drane Ben Campbell Lawrence Tholl, DVM Faraz Khan Almog Cohen Alex Edwards Nick Ádám Kettinger Sylvain Leduc Anthony Kahng MD3 Endre Pech Daniel Jennings Cameron Sampson Pratik Mukherjee Geoffrey Clarion Nate Darren Duncan Lily kawaii Russ Creech Jeremy Reed Derek Davis Eric Webster Steven Sartore DrJYou David Johnston J. King Michael Barton Christopher Barron James Ramsey Drew Hart Justin Jermyn Mr T Andrew Mann Jeremiah Johnson fieldsa eleanory Peter Mertz Kevin O'Connell Richard Deighton Isaac Suttell Devon Rosenthal Oliver Flanagan Dawn M Fink Bleys Goodson Darryl J Lyle Robert Walter Bruce B Ismael Montecel Simon Oliphant Mirik Gogri Mark Daniel Cohen Brandon Lattin Nickolas Andrew Freeman Shane Calimlim Tybie Fitzhugh Robert Ilardi Astaurus Eric Kiebler Craig Stonaha Martin Skans Michael Conroy Graydon Goss Frederic Simon Tonyface John Robinson A G Kevin Lee Adrian Hatch Yurii Konovaliuk John Funai Cass Costello Geoffrey Short Bradley Jenkins Kyle Hofer Tim Stephani Luaan AlecZero Cody Malte Ubl King Zeckendorff Nick Virtue Scott Gossett Martin J Lollar Dan Warren Patrick Sutton John Griffith Daniel Lyons DFaulk GrowingViolet Kevin Warne Andreas Nautsch Brandon labonte

The "crisis in cosmology" has been plaguing astronomers for years now, so how are we planning to sort it out? To learn more about cosmology, head to http://brilliant.org/DrBecky and sign up for free. The first 200 people that go to that link will get 20% off an annual premium subscription. #crisisincosmology #sciencedebate Planck collaboration (2019) - https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2020/09/aa33886-18/aa33886-18.html Reid, Pesce & Reiss (2019) - https://arxiv.org/pdf/1908.05625.pdf LIGO collaboration (2017) - https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.05835.pdf Feeney et al. (2021) - https://arxiv.org/pdf/2012.06593.pdf 00:00 - Introduction 00:44 - What is cosmology? 01:14 - What does a model of the Universe need to explain? 02:09 - Our best current model λ-CDM 04:26 - Measuring the expansion rate of the Universe with λ-CDM 05:34 - Measuring the expansion rate of the Universe with galaxies 08:14 - THIS is the "crisis in cosmology" 09:05 - Is the data or the model the problem? 11:43 - How are we going to solve the crisis in cosmology? 14:05 - What does the future hold? 17:01 - Brilliant 18:04 - Bloopers --- 👕 Check out my merch here: https://teespring.com/stores/dr-becky --- 📚 "Space: 10 Things You Should Know" - UK Edition: http://bit.ly/SpaceDrBecky 📚 US & Canada version: "Space at the speed of light" (same book, different title, with some beautiful illustrations): https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/635406/space-at-the-speed-of-light-by-dr-becky-smethurst/ 📚 German translation "Das kleine Buch vom großen Knall" : https://www.dtv.de/buch/becky-smethurst-das-kleine-buch-vom-grossen-knall-28254/ --- 🎧 Royal Astronomical Society Podcast that I co-host: podfollow.com/supermassive --- 🔔 Don't forget to subscribe and click the little bell icon to be notified when I post a new video! -- The artwork in the background is a scientifically accurate map showing the orbits of more than 18000 asteroids in the Solar System, created by Eleanor Lutz. Find out more and buy one here: https://eleanorlutz.com/mapping-18000-asteroids --- 👩🏽‍💻 I'm Dr Becky Smethurst, an astrophysicist at University of Oxford (Christ Church). I love making videos about science with an unnatural level of enthusiasm. I like to focus on how we know things, not just what we know. And especially, the things we still don't know. If you've ever wondered about something in space and couldn't find an answer online - you can ask me! My day job is to do research into how supermassive black holes can affect the galaxies that they live in. In particular, I look at whether the energy output from the disk of material orbiting around a growing supermassive black hole can stop a galaxy from forming stars. http://drbecky.uk.com https://rebeccasmethurst.co.uk

How does our understanding of the origins of the universe continue to expand and evolve? What tools and theories continue to push our understanding into further realms? Hear from Black scientists and leaders whose work is at the forefront of cosmology and essential to forming and informing humans’ deepening grasp of the science of the universe. This program features: What is dark matter made of—and is dark matter really dark? In her work, theoretical physicist Dr. Chanda Prescod-Weinstein explores axions, a type of hypothetical elementary particle, and the compelling role they may play in understanding what makes up dark matter. Tonight, she’ll share more about the nature of the axion, its possible relationship to dark matter, and some surprising insight into what dark matter really looks like. Dr. Prescod-Weinstein is an assistant professor of physics and a core faculty member in women’s studies at the University of New Hampshire. Her book The Disordered Cosmos: A Journey into Dark Matter, Spacetime, and Dreams Deferred will be released in March. (begins at 3:45) What emerging tools and instruments may support a better understanding of how the universe was formed and has evolved? As a researcher with NASA’s Astrophysics Science Division, Dr. Gregory Mosby works on observational astronomy and developing new tools. Tonight, hear from him about his work on the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope and the ways modeling and machine learning can support an expanded understanding of the universe. (begins at 25:40) https://www.exploratorium.edu

You've heard about Global Warming, but have you heard about Galactic Warming? Well scientists say it's happening as we speak. What could possibly be causing it? Learn more: PLANCK SPACE TELESCOPE https://www.spacetv.net/planck-space-telescope/ SLOAN DIGITAL SKY SURVEY https://www.spacetv.net/sloan-digital-sky-survey/ GALAXIES https://www.spacetv.net/galaxies/ THE UNIVERSE https://www.spacetv.net/the-universe/ Sources: https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-11/jhu-ghg111020.php https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-11/osu-tui111020.php https://www.sciencetimes.com/articles/28166/20201111/universe-getting-hotter-affecting-global-warming.htm Written and hosted by Cambrie Caldwell https://twitter.com/CambrieCaldwell​ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/SPACETVnet​ Join us on Facebook https://www.facebook.com/spacetv.net​ Credits: The Sloan Digital Sky Survey European Space Agency ShiveringCactus https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC0Xm05IVKmqkMpch1FxE9RQ American Museum of Natural History A. Feild (STScI) ESO/Digitized Sky Survey 2/A. Fujii. Acknowledgement: Aniello Grado and Luca Limatola. NASA/NASA Goddard SPACETV.NET 2021

The first 1000 people to use the link will get a free trial of Skillshare Premium Membership: https://skl.sh/paulmsutter02211 Full podcast episodes: http://www.askaspaceman.com Support: http://www.patreon.com/pmsutter Follow: http://www.twitter.com/PaulMattSutter and http://www.facebook.com/PaulMattSutter It’s time for school! The Astro101 series will cover some of the most important questions in astronomy. In today’s lesson, we’ll have: How did the universe begin? How will it end? What’s going on in here and how did we learn all this? I discuss these questions and more in today’s Ask a Spaceman! Follow all the show updates at http://www.askaspaceman.com, and help support the show at http://www.patreon.com/pmsutter Keep those questions about space, science, astronomy, astrophysics, and cosmology coming to #AskASpaceman for COMPLETE KNOWLEDGE OF TIME AND SPACE! Music by Jason Grady and Nick Bain. This video was sponsored by Skillshare.

In this week's QA, I talk about what's driving the expansion of the Universe, how big the observable Universe is to the actual Universe, and what will happen to dogs in gravity. 00:00 Start 00:26 What's driving the expansion of the Universe? 04:01 How big is the observable Universe compared to the actual Universe? 07:25 Do people watch videos or listen to my podcasts? 10:37 Will dogs enjoy lunar gravity? 12:59 Why aren't we looking deeper in the Kuiper Belt? 15:54 What would be some good ways to explore lava tubes? 19:36 What happened to the Overwhelmingly Large Telescope? 22:48 Would space LIGO be more sensitive? 27:56 What's the most like Great Filter? 31:07 Why do we talk about distance in form of time? 35:14 Any future collaborations with Isaac Arthur? 35:58 How long will the Mars helicopter survive? 40:07 When will NASA incorporate Starship into its plans? 42:15 How dangerous is the Kessler Syndrome? 🚀 OUR WEBSITE: ════════════════════════════════════ https://www.universetoday.com/ 🚀 PODCAST LINKS: ════════════════════════════════════ RSS: https://universetoday.com/audio iTunes: https://universetoday.com/itunes Spotify: https://universetoday.com/spotify 🚀 EMAIL NEWSLETTER: ════════════════════════════════════ Read by 50,000 people every Friday. Written by Fraser. No ads. Subscribe Free: https://universetoday.com/newsletter 🚀 OTHER PODCASTS: ════════════════════════════════════ Weekly Space Hangout: Weekly news roundup with Fraser, special guests, and other space journalists. RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/feed/wshaudio/ iTunes: https://podcasts.apple.com/ca/podcast/weekly-space-hangout-audio/id836926769 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC0-KklSGlCiJDwOPdR2EUcg/ Astronomy Cast: Award-winning, long-running deep dive into space and astronomy with Fraser and Dr. Pamela Gay. RSS: https://astronomycast.libsyn.com/rss/ iTunes: https://podcasts.apple.com/ca/podcast/astronomy-cast/id191636169?mt=2 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCUHI67dh9jEO2rvK--MdCSg 🚀 JOIN OUR COMMUNITY: ════════════════════════════════════ Patreon: https://patreon.com/universetoday 🚀 OTHER SOCIAL MEDIA: ════════════════════════════════════ Twitter: https://twitter.com/fcain Twitter: https://twitter.com/universetoday Facebook: https://facebook.com/universetoday Instagram: https://instagram.com/universetoday Twitch: https://twitch.tv/fcain 🚀 CONTACT FRASER: ════════════════════════════════════ Email: [email protected] 🚀 LICENSE: ════════════════════════════════════ Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) You are free to use my work for any purpose you like, just mention me as the source and link back to this video.

What happened after the Big Bang? When did the very first stars burst into life? Why are those stars were so unusual, and what they can teach us about the Universe today? Watch the Q&A: https://youtu.be/9zxsC68PJUI Emma's book "First Light" is available now: https://geni.us/GpAa0x Emma Chapman is currently based at Imperial College London, where she is a Royal Society Dorothy Hodgkin Fellow. Emma has spent her research career in London so far, completing her PhD and first postdoctoral position at UCL before heading off to Imperial College for a Royal Astronomical Society fellowship. Her research is in the Epoch of Reionisation, a rather off-putting name for a very exciting time in our Universe – when the lights first switched on. As those first stars formed and started flinging out high energy radiation, they formed bubbles of ionised hydrogen around them. We can observe this hydrogen today with radio telescopes and the race is on to make the first detection of the Epoch of Reionisation. Emma works mainly with the European telescope LOFAR based in the Netherlands. This talk was recorded on 1 December 2020. --- A very special thank you to our Patreon supporters who help make these videos happen, especially: János Fekete, Mehdi Razavi, Mark Barden, Taylor Hornby, Rasiel Suarez, Stephan Giersche, William 'Billy' Robillard, Scott Edwardsen, Jeffrey Schweitzer, Gou Ranon, Christina Baum, Frances Dunne, jonas.app, Tim Karr, Adam Leos, Michelle J. Zamarron, Andrew Downing, Fairleigh McGill, Alan Latteri, David Crowner, Matt Townsend, Anonymous, Andrew McGhee, Roger Shaw, Robert Reinecke, Paul Brown, Lasse T. Stendan, David Schick, Joe Godenzi, Dave Ostler, Osian Gwyn Williams, David Lindo, Roger Baker, Greg Nagel, and Rebecca Pan. --- The Ri is on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/TheRoyalInstitution and Twitter: http://twitter.com/ri_science and Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/royalinstitution and Tumblr: http://ri-science.tumblr.com/ Our editorial policy: http://www.rigb.org/home/editorial-policy Subscribe for the latest science videos: http://bit.ly/RiNewsletter Product links on this page are Amazon affiliate links which means it won't cost you any extra but we may earn a small commission if you decide to purchase through the link.

NOTE: We apologize for the video occasionally freezing during this episode. There were technical/internet issues that were beyond our control. This week on Space Radio: ► Astronomers Reevaluate the Age of the Universe [https://www.space.com/universe-age-14-billion-years-old] ► Properties of Dark Matter; ► How was the Milky Way created? ► What happens if you run the Universe "backwards"? ► … and more. Join the show recording every Thursday at 8pm ET by leaving a voicemail at www.SpaceRadioShow.com. Support the show on Patreon. Follow on Twitter | Facebook | Instagram | YouTube. Justin G, Matthew K, Chris L, Barbara K, Duncan M, Corey D, Justin Z, Neuterdude, Nate H, Andrew F, Naila, Aaron S, Scott M, Rob H, David B, Frank T, Tim R, Alex P, Tom Van S, Mark R, Alan B, Craig B, Richard K, Steve P, Dave L, Chuck C, Stephen M, Maureen R, Stace J, Neil P, lothian53 , COTFM, Stephen S, Ken L, Debra S, Alberto M, Matt C, Ron S, Stephen J, Joe R, Jeremy K, David P, Norm Z, Ulfert B, Robert B, Fr. Bruce W, Catherine R, Nicolai B, Sean M, Edward K, Callan R, Darren W, JJ_Holy, Tracy F, Tom, Sarah K, Bill H, Steven S, Jens O, Ryan L, Ella F, Richard S, Sam R, Thomas K, James C, Jorg D, R Larche, Syamkumar M, John S, Fred S, Homer V, Mark D, Brianna V, Becky L, Colin B, Arthur, Bruce A, Steven M, Brent B, Bill E, Jim L, Tim Z, Thomas W, Linda C, Joshua, David W, Aissa F, Tom G, and Marc H. Produced by Nancy Graziano. Cheese for today’s tasting proudly provided by Dom’s Cheese Shop. Hosted by Paul M. Sutter, astrophysicist and the one and only Agent to the Stars.

“Space is big,” wrote Douglas Adams, and he wasn’t kidding. Familiar units of distance, like miles and kilometers, quickly become too unwieldy to use in cosmic discussions. After all, we don’t say the Empire State Building stretches 17,448 inches or describe a bacterium as measuring 0.000001 meter. Instead of ending up with similar “astronomical” figures, scientists use units like light-years, parsecs, and astronomical units to help make sense of it all. Just to get to the Moon, on average, it’s 239,000 miles (384,400 kilometers) — and that’s practically our next-door neighbor. It’s a lot farther than people think! The Sun lies some 93 million miles (150 million km) away, an expanse so large, it forms the basis of our first new unit of distance, conveniently named an astronomical unit, or AU. Astronomers often use this unit to describe distances within solar systems, between planets or companion stars. But even something as big as an astronomical unit isn’t enough for the hugeness of space. The nearest star to us, other than the Sun, is Proxima Centauri, likely part of the Alpha Centauri system. It’s about 267,000 AU away, so astronomers often turn to another unit of measurement: the light-year. This is the distance that light travels in a vacuum for one year: about 6 trillion miles (9 trillion km), or 63,000 AU. Thus, the distance to Proxima Centauri is also 4.22 light-years. In this episode of Infinity & Beyond, join host Abigail Bollenbach as she puts cosmic distances into perspective. Stay up-to-date on the latest space and astronomy news at https://astronomy.com/news. And make sure to follow us on Facebook (https://www.facebook.com/AstronomyMag...), Instagram (https://www.instagram.com/astronomy.m...), and Twitter (https://twitter.com/AstronomyMag).

Get 20% of a premium subscription to Brilliant when you're one of the first 200 people to sign up at http://www.brilliant.org/answerswithjoe The Big Bang has been the accepted theory about the beginning of the universe for so long, you might think we've worked out all the kinks in it. But there are several issues with the Big Bang Theory, which has caused some cosmologists to turn to alternative ideas. The Ekpyrotic Universe, based on string theory, is one of those ideas. And it's super weird. Want to support the channel? Here's how: Patreon: http://www.patreon.com/answerswithjoe Channel Memberships: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC-2YHgc363EdcusLIBbgxzg/join T-Shirts & Merch: http://www.answerswithjoe.com/store Join me on the Our Ludicrous Future Podcast: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCvUf_yOU_swE6PtOuv2yBqg Interested in getting a Tesla? Use my referral link and get discounts and perks: https://ts.la/joe74700 Follow me at all my places! Instagram: https://instagram.com/answerswithjoe Snapchat: https://www.snapchat.com/add/answerswithjoe Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/answerswithjoe Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/answerswithjoe

This episode is a segment that we did in the Weekly Space Hangout talking about how astronomers are using masers (water lasers) to measure the expansion rate of the Universe. You'd think that another, independent way to measure the expansion rate of the Universe would be helpful, but it's only deepened the mystery of the cosmological crisis. Subscribe to the Weekly Space Hangout https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC0-KklSGlCiJDwOPdR2EUcg Watch this episode: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nzO-QhBFz04 Thumbnail credit: ESO/M. Kornmesser Want to see this video early? Join our community at https://www.patreon.com/universetoday Our Book is out! https://www.amazon.com/Universe-Today-Ultimate-Viewing-Cosmos/dp/1624145442/ Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Weekly Space Hangout: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC0-KklSGlCiJDwOPdR2EUcg/ Astronomy Cast: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCUHI67dh9jEO2rvK--MdCSg Support us at https://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at https://www.universetoday.com/ Twitch: https://twitch.tv/fcain Twitter: https://twitter.com/universetoday Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Instagram - https://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected]

Join the Museum’s Director of Astrovisualization Carter Emmart and astrophysicist Jackie Faherty on a virtual field trip to the edge of the observable universe and discover how scientists are mapping space. Explore space from the safety of your couch with our playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrfcruGtplwG5sRg8FEVZRa8pOVQ8cUz_ How do we calculate the distances of stars far outside our solar system? And galaxies well beyond our Milky Way? How much of the sky has been charted and how might we fill in the gaps? The American Museum of Natural History’s Digital Universe Atlas leverages data from dozens of agencies and universities worldwide to create a digital 3D atlas of the cosmos. #LearnWithMe #Planetarium #Astrophysics #BigData #Universe *** Subscribe to our channel: http://youtube.com/subscription_center?add_user=amnhorg Check out our full video catalog: http://www.youtube.com/user/AMNHorg Facebook: http://fb.com/naturalhistory Twitter: http://twitter.com/amnh Tumblr: http://amnhnyc.tumblr.com/ Instagram: http://instagram.com/amnh © American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY

Prof. Sir Martin Rees (Institute of Astronomy, Cambridge) Title: Progress and frustration in Cosmology Abstract: It is gratifying that some of the key numbers describing our Universe have been measured to a precision of a few percent. We are learning about the emergence and properties of galaxies, stars, planets and life -- and how this chain of events depended on these numbers. These advances have sharpened up new mysteries. Some of these will be clarified by new observations; others, such as the overall scale of the universe (and whether we inhabit a multiverse) are likely to prove frustratingly intractable.

Sign Up on Patreon to get access to the Space Time Discord! https://www.patreon.com/pbsspacetime Check out the Space Time Merch Store https://pbsspacetime.com/ Sign up for the mailing list to get episode notifications and hear special announcements! https://mailchi.mp/1a6eb8f2717d/spacetime Conformal Cyclic Cosmology is a story of the origin and the end of our universe from great mathematical physicist Sir Roger Penrose. It’s goes like this: the infinitely far future, when the universe has expanded exponentially to to an unthinkably large size, and every black hole and particle has decayed into faint radiation .... that infinite stretch of space and time is identically the SAME THING as the infinitesimal and instantaneous big bang of a new universe, and our universe is just one in an endless chain. Hosted by Matt O'Dowd Written by Matt O'Dowd Graphics by Leonardo Scholzer, Yago Ballarini, & Pedro Osinski Directed by: Andrew Kornhaber Camera Operator: Bahaar Gholipour Executive Producers: Eric Brown & Andrew Kornhaber #space #astrophysics #universe Previous Episodes Discussed Geometry of Causality - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1YFrISfN7jo Higgs Mechanism - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kixAljyfdqU Special Thanks to Our Patreon Supporters Big Bang Supporters Alexander Tamas Caed Aldwych David Nicklas Fabrice Eap Juan Benet Justin Lloyd Morgan Hough Radu Negulescu Quasar Supporters Carson Kahn Christina Oegren Mark Heising Vinnie Falco Hypernova Supporters william bryan chuck zegar Danton Spivey Donal Botkin Edmund Fokschaner Hank S John Hofmann John Pollock John R. Slavik Jordan Young Joseph Salomone Julian Tyacke Mathew Matthew O'Connor Syed Ansar Timothy McCulloch Gamma Ray Burst Supporters A G Adrian Hatch AlecZero Andreas Nautsch Andrew Richmond Bleys Goodson Bradley Jenkins Brandon labonte Brandon Lattin Brian Blanchard Bruce B Cass Costello Craig Stonaha Dan Warren Daniel Lyons Darryl J Lyle David Bethala David Hughes Dawn M Fink Devon Rosenthal DFaulk Eric Kiebler Frederic Simon Geoffrey Short Graydon Goss Greg Smith Isaac Suttell Ismael Montecel jechamt John Funai John Griffith John Robinson Josh Thomas Justin Waters Kevin Lee Kevin Warne Kyle Hofer M D Malte Ubl Mark Daniel Cohen Michael Conroy Mikhail Klakotskiy Mirik Gogri Nick Virtue Nick Wright Nickolas Andrew Freeman Oliver Flanagan Patrick Sutton Paul Rose Protius Protius Rainwalker Winterpainter Richard Deighton Robert Ilardi Robert Walter Scott Gossett Sean Warniaha Shane Calimlim Simon Oliphant Tatiana Vorovchenko Tim Stephani Tonyface Tybie Fitzhugh Yannick Weyns Yurii Konovaliuk

Astronomers looking farther back in time than ever before are giving us a better idea of what the early universe must have been like, and we've identified another of the mysterious ultraluminous X-ray pulsars. Hosted by: Hank Green SciShow has a spinoff podcast! It's called SciShow Tangents. Check it out at http://www.scishowtangents.org ---------- Support SciShow by becoming a patron on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/scishow ---------- Huge thanks go to the following Patreon supporters for helping us keep SciShow free for everyone forever: Kevin Bealer, Jacob, Katie Marie Magnone, D.A. Noe, Charles Southerland, Eric Jensen, Christopher R Boucher, Alex Hackman, Matt Curls, Adam Brainard, Scott Satovsky Jr, Sam Buck, Ron Kakar, Chris Peters, Kevin Carpentier, Patrick D. Ashmore, Piya Shedden, Sam Lutfi, Charles George, Christoph Schwanke, Greg ---------- Like SciShow? Want to help support us, and also get things to put on your walls, cover your torso and hold your liquids? Check out our awesome products over at DFTBA Records: http://dftba.com/scishow ---------- Looking for SciShow elsewhere on the internet? Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/scishow Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/scishow Tumblr: http://scishow.tumblr.com Instagram: http://instagram.com/thescishow ---------- Sources: https://astronomy.swin.edu.au/cosmos/P/Population+III https://kipac.stanford.edu/highlights/population-iii-stars-universes-ultimate-reclusive-pop-stars https://aas.org/sites/default/files/2020-06/bhatawdekar_aas236.pdf. https://sci.esa.int/web/hubble/-/hubble-makes-surprising-find-in-the-early-universe-2010 https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/486/3/3805/5420745 https://www.haystack.mit.edu/ast/science/epoch/ https://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=Small+Magellanic+Cloud https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-06/ras-uxs060320.php https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2005/19/aa2408-04.pdf, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa1041 Images: https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12656 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Well_known_stars_2.png https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10128 https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10861 https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20314 http://www.spitzer.caltech.edu/video-audio/1733-ssc2020-05v1-Spitzer-Space-Telescope-Beauty-Pass https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Paranal_Platform_After_Sunset_(ESO).jpg https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30685 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Magellanic_Clouds_%E2%80%95_Irregular_Dwarf_Galaxies.jpg https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11567 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Astrosat-1_in_deployed_configuration.png https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13058 https://www.nasa.gov/centers/marshall/multimedia/photos/2003/photos03-080.html

In a special live webcast with Perimeter Institute on May 6, 2020, theoretical cosmologist and science communicator Katie Mack — known to her many Twitter followers as @AstroKatie — answered questions about her favourite subject: the end of the universe. Mack is currently a Simons Emmy Noether Fellow at Perimeter and an Assistant Professor at North Carolina State University. Perimeter Institute (charitable registration number 88981 4323 RR0001) is the world’s largest independent research hub devoted to theoretical physics, created to foster breakthroughs in the fundamental understanding of our universe, from the smallest particles to the entire cosmos. Perimeter's outreach efforts, including this talk, are made possible in part by the support of donors like you. Be part of the equation: https://insidetheperimeter.ca/donate Subscribe for updates on future live webcasts, events, free posters, and more: https://insidetheperimeter.ca/newsletter/ Check out Perimeter's range of free, stay-at-home science resources for explorers of all ages: https://insidetheperimeter.ca/stay-at-home-science-for-explorers-of-all-ages/ facebook.com/pioutreach twitter.com/perimeter instagram.com/perimeterinstitute Donate: https://insidetheperimeter.ca/donate

Simon Steel(Senior Director of Education and STEM programs) talks with Seth Shostak(Senior Astronomer) about "the great debate" in the 1920s that fundamentally changed our understanding about the size of the universe.