EUROPEAN SOUTHERN OBSERVATORY (ESO)

Astronomers have discovered the absence of an unstable massive star in a dwarf galaxy with ESO’s Very Large Telescope. This video offers a summary of the research. The video is available in 4K UHD. The ESOcast Light is a series of short videos bringing you the wonders of the Universe in bite-sized pieces. The ESOcast Light episodes will not be replacing the standard, longer ESOcasts, but complement them with current astronomy news and images in ESO press releases. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso2010a/ Subscribe to ESOcast in iTunes! https://itunes.apple.com/podcast/esocast-hd/id295471183?mt=2 Receive future episodes on YouTube by pressing the Subscribe button above or follow us on Vimeo: https://vimeo.com/esoastronomy Watch more ESOcast episodes: https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/esocast/ Find out how to view and contribute subtitles for the ESOcast in multiple languages, or translate this video on YouTube: https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/translators/ Credit: ESO Directed by: Herbert Zodet. Editing: Herbert Zodet. Web and technical support: Gurvan Bazin and Raquel Yumi Shida. Written by: Caitlyn Buongiorno, Stephanie Rowlands and Bárbara Ferreira. Music: tonelabs (www.tonelabs.com) – Orion Fog. Footage and photos: ESO, L. Calçada, Digitized Sky Survey 2, N. Risinger (skysurvey.org), NASA, ESA/Hubble, J. Andrews (U. Arizona), ACe Consortium and J. Colosimo. Scientific consultants: Paola Amico and Mariya Lyubenova.

This video starts by showing a wide-field view of a region of the sky in the constellation of Aquarius. It then zooms in to show the Kinman Dwarf galaxy, where a mysterious luminous blue variable star disappeared. The end of the video shows an artistic animation of what the star could have looked like before it disappeared. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso2010c/ Credit: ESO/L. Calçada, Digitized Sky Survey 2, N. Risinger (skysurvey.org), NASA, ESA/Hubble, J. Andrews (U. Arizona) Music: Konstantino Polizois

This animation shows what the luminous blue variable star in the Kinman Dwarf galaxy could have looked like before its mysterious disappearance. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso2010b/ Credit: ESO/L. Calçada

By using ESO telescopes and other facilities, astronomers often glance into far-away planetary systems to gather clues about them. But, on rare occasions, scientists get to study these distant systems by looking much closer to home, when visitors from other corners of our galaxy drop by our Solar System. Meet the First Interstellar Visitors. Download this video on various formats on: https://www.eso.org/public/videos/esocast224a/ Credit: ESO Directed by: Herbert Zodet. Editing: Herbert Zodet. Web and technical support: Gurvan Bazin and Raquel Yumi Shida. Written by: Caitlyn Boungiorno, Caroline Reid, Herbert Zodet and Bárbara Ferreira. Narration: Sara Mendes da Costa. Music: Johan B. Monell ( www.johanmonell.com ) – The Enemy Within 2.0 and STAN DART ( www.stan-dart.com ) – Reflections. Footage and photos: ESO, M. Kornmesser, L. Calçada, Gennady Borisov, N. Risinger ( skysurvey.org ), NASA, ESA/Hubble, D. Jewitt (UCLA), Space Engine ( spaceengine.org ), C. Malin ( christophmalin.com ), B. Tafreshi ( twanight.org ), Y. Beletsky (LCO), M. Zamani and Daniele Gasparri (www.astroatacama.com ) . Scientific consultants: Paola Amico, Olivier Hainaut and Mariya Lyubenova.

Astronomers using ESO telescopes have discovered giant spots on the surface of extremely hot stars hidden in stellar clusters. This video offers a summary of the discovery. The video is available in 4K UHD. The ESOcast Light is a series of short videos bringing you the wonders of the Universe in bite-sized pieces. The ESOcast Light episodes will not be replacing the standard, longer ESOcasts, but complement them with current astronomy news and images in ESO press releases. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso2009a/ Subscribe to ESOcast in iTunes! https://itunes.apple.com/podcast/esocast-hd/id295471183?mt=2 Receive future episodes on YouTube by pressing the Subscribe button above or follow us on Vimeo: https://vimeo.com/esoastronomy Watch more ESOcast episodes: https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/esocast/ Find out how to view and contribute subtitles for the ESOcast in multiple languages, or translate this video on YouTube: https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/translators/ Credit: ESO Directed by: Herbert Zodet.  Editing: Herbert Zodet.  Web and technical support: Gurvan Bazin and Raquel Yumi Shida.  Written by: Stephanie Rowlands, Emma Foxell and Bárbara Ferreira.  Music: Nuclearmetal/New Horizons — Planetarium.  Footage and photos: ESO, L. Calçada, INAF-Padua/S. Zaggia, C. Malin ( christophmalin.com ) and B. Tafreshi ( twanight.org ).  Scientific consultants: Paola Amico and Mariya Lyubenova.

Astronomers using ESO telescopes have discovered giant spots on the surface of extremely hot stars hidden in stellar clusters, called extreme horizontal branch stars. This animation shows what one of these stars, and its giant whitish spot, might look like. The spot is bright, takes up a quarter of the star’s surface and is caused by magnetic fields. As the star rotates, the spot on its surface comes and goes, causing visible changes in brightness. Note that the movement does not represent the rotation of the star: it mimics the movement of a camera observing the star up close. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso2009b/ Credit: ESO/L. Calçada, INAF-Padua/S. Zaggia

Spots on extreme horizontal branch stars (right) appear to be quite different from the dark sunspots on our own Sun (left), but both are caused by magnetic fields. The spots on these hot, extreme stars are brighter and hotter than the surrounding stellar surface, unlike on the Sun where we see spots as dark stains on the solar surface that are cooler than their surroundings. The spots on extreme horizontal branch stars are also significantly larger than sunspots, covering up to a quarter of the star’s surface. While sunspots vary in size, a typical size is around an Earth-size planet, 3000 smaller than a giant spot on an extreme horizontal branch star. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso2009c/ Credit: ESO/L. Calçada, INAF-Padua/S. Zaggia

This video lets you see some of the many things we do not understand in the Universe, and the strange and surreal paradoxes in what we think we understand… More information and download options in high definition and FullHD: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/esocast222a/ Subscribe to ESOcast in iTunes! https://itunes.apple.com/podcast/esocast-hd/id295471183?mt=2 Receive future episodes on YouTube by pressing the Subscribe button above or follow us on Vimeo: https://vimeo.com/esoastronomy Watch more ESOcast episodes: https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/esocast/ Find out how to view and contribute subtitles for the ESOcast in multiple languages, or translate this video on YouTube: https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/translators/ Credit: ESO Directed by: Herbert Zodet and Lars Lindberg Christensen. Editing: Herbert Zodet. Web and technical support: Gurvan Bazin and Raquel Yumi Shida. Written by: Rosa Jesse, Stephen Molyneux, Ivana Kurečić and Lars Lindberg Christensen. Narration: Sara Mendes da Costa. Music: Johan B. Monell (www.johanmonell.com) – Shadow of the Universe (parts 3,4 and 7) and Mylonite MRP (Mylonite Recordz Production) – Tacitus theme - Aaron Kane variation. Footage and photos: ESO, M. Kornmesser, L. Calçada, B. Tafreshi (twanight.org), The Illustris Project (visualization by Dylan Nelson), Y. Beletsky (LCO), Space Engine (spaceengine.org), NASA/ESA, L. L. Christensen, F. Kamphues, EHT Collaboration, M. Zamani , P. Horálek and C. Malin (christophmalin.com). Scientific consultants: Paola Amico and Mariya Lyubenova.

This video starts by showing a wider-field view of the AB Aurigae system, and then zooms in to the inner part of the disc. This inner region includes the ‘twist’ (in very bright yellow) that scientists believe marks the spot where a planet is forming. This twist lies at about the same distance from the AB Aurigae star as Neptune from the Sun. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso2008b/ Credit: ESO/Boccaletti et al./M. Kornmesser

This video starts by showing a wide-field view of a region of the sky in the constellation of Auriga. It then zooms in to show AB Auriga, a young star system where ESO’s Very Large Telescope has spotted signs of planet birth. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso2008c/ Credit: ESO/Boccaletti et al./L. Calçada, Digitized Sky Survey 2, N. Risinger (skysurvey.org). Music: Konstantino Polizois

Observations with ESO’s SPHERE instrument on the Very Large Telescope have revealed the telltale signs of a star system being born. The video is available in 4K UHD. The ESOcast Light is a series of short videos bringing you the wonders of the Universe in bite-sized pieces. The ESOcast Light episodes will not be replacing the standard, longer ESOcasts, but complement them with current astronomy news and images in ESO press releases. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso2008a/ Subscribe to ESOcast in iTunes! https://itunes.apple.com/podcast/esocast-hd/id295471183?mt=2 Receive future episodes on YouTube by pressing the Subscribe button above or follow us on Vimeo: https://vimeo.com/esoastronomy Watch more ESOcast episodes: https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/esocast/ Find out how to view and contribute subtitles for the ESOcast in multiple languages, or translate this video on YouTube: https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/translators/ Credit: ESO. Directed by: Herbert Zodet. Editing: Herbert Zodet. Web and technical support: Gurvan Bazin and Raquel Yumi Shida. Written by: Caitlyn Buongiorno, Stephanie Rowlands and Bárbara Ferreira. Music: tonelabs (www.tonelabs.com) – The Red North. Footage and photos: ESO, Boccaletti et al., L. Calçada, Digitized Sky Survey 2, N. Risinger (skysurvey.org), M. Kornmesser and C. Malin (christophmalin.com). Scientific consultants: Paola Amico and Mariya Lyubenova.

A team of astronomers from the European Southern Observatory (ESO) and other institutes has discovered a black hole lying just 1000 light-years from Earth. The black hole is closer to our Solar System than any other found to date and forms part of a triple system that can be seen with the naked eye. The team found evidence for the invisible object by tracking its two companion stars using the MPG/ESO 2.2-metre telescope at ESO’s La Silla Observatory in Chile. The video is available in 4K UHD. The ESOcast Light is a series of short videos bringing you the wonders of the Universe in bite-sized pieces. The ESOcast Light episodes will not be replacing the standard, longer ESOcasts, but complement them with current astronomy news and images in ESO press releases. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso2007a/ Credit: ESO Directed by: Herbert Zodet. Editing: Herbert Zodet. Web and technical support: Gurvan Bazin and Raquel Yumi Shida. Written by: Caitlyn Buongiorno, Stephanie Rowlands and Bárbara Ferreira. Music: John Stanford – Far Centaurus (johnstanfordmusic.com). Footage and photos: ESO, L. Calçada, P. Horálek , M. Zamani, Space Engine (spaceengine.org) and Alexandre Santerne. Scientific consultants: Paola Amico and Mariya Lyubenova.

This video starts by showing a wide-field view of a region of the sky in the constellation of Telescopium. It then zooms in to show HR 6819, a triple system with two stars visible to the naked eye and a black hole, the closest ever found to Earth. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso2007c/ Credit: ESO/L. Calçada, Digitized Sky Survey 2, N. Risinger (skysurvey.org). Music: Astral Electronic

This animation shows the orbits and movements of the objects in the HR 6819 triple system. This system includes an inner binary with one star (orbit indicated in blue) and a newly discovered black hole (orbit indicated in red). As we move away from this inner pair, we see the outer object in the system, another star in a much wider orbit (in blue). The team originally believed there were only two objects, the two stars, in the system. However, as they analysed their observations, they were stunned when they revealed a third, previously undiscovered body in HR 6819: a black hole, the closest ever found to Earth. The black hole is invisible, but it makes its presence known by its gravitational pull, which forces the luminous inner star into an orbit. The objects in this inner pair have roughly the same mass and circular orbits. The observations, with the FEROS spectrograph on the 2.2-metre telescope at La Silla, showed that the inner visible star orbits the black hole every 40 days, while the second star is at a large distance from this inner pair. Credit: ESO/L. Calçada Download this video (various formats available) on: https://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso2007b/

Observations made with ESO’s Very Large Telescope (VLT) have revealed for the first time that a star, S2, orbiting the supermassive black hole at the centre of the Milky Way moves just as predicted by Einstein’s theory of general relativity. Most stars and planets have a non-circular orbit and therefore move closer and further away from the object they are rotating around. S2’s orbit precesses, meaning that the location of its closest point to the supermassive black hole changes with each turn, such that the next orbit is rotated with regard to the previous one, creating a rosette shape. This effect, known as Schwarzschild precession, had never before been measured for a star around a supermassive black hole. This animation shows S2’s orbit around Sagitarius A*, the supermassive black hole at the centre of the Milky Way. The precession movement is exaggerated for easier viewing. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso2006g/ Credit: MPE / TWENTYTWO Film

In this video interview, Reinhard Genzel, the Director at the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, talks about his team's study of stars around the supermassive black hole at the centre of the Milky Way, including the recent discovery of the orbital precession of the S2 star. The study was made possible thanks to a fleet of instruments at ESO's Very Large Telescope. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso2006f/ Credit: MPE / TWENTYTWO Film GmbH, ESO/L. Calçada

In this video interview, Reinhard Genzel, the Director at the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, talks about his team's study of stars around the supermassive black hole at the centre of the Milky Way, including the recent discovery of the orbital precession of the S2 star. The study was made possible thanks to a fleet of instruments at ESO's Very Large Telescope. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso2006e/ Credit: MPE / TWENTYTWO Film GmbH, ESO/L. Calçada

Observations made with ESO’s Very Large Telescope (VLT) have revealed for the first time that a star, S2, orbiting the supermassive black hole at the centre of the Milky Way moves just as predicted by Einstein’s theory of general relativity. Most stars and planets have a non-circular orbit and therefore move closer and further away from the object they are rotating around. S2’s orbit precesses, meaning that the location of its closest point to the supermassive black hole changes with each turn, such that the next orbit is rotated with regard to the previous one, creating a rosette shape. This effect, known as Schwarzschild precession, had never before been measured for a star around a supermassive black hole. This animation shows S2’s orbit around Sagitarius A*, the supermassive black hole at the centre of the Milky Way. The precession movement is exaggerated for easier viewing. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso2006b/ Credit: ESO/L. Calçada

ESO's Very Large Telescope has observed a star dancing around the supermassive black hole at the centre of the Milky Way. The observations have revealed, for the first time, that the star’s orbit is shaped like a rosette and not like an ellipse. The video is available in 4K UHD. The ESOcast Light is a series of short videos bringing you the wonders of the Universe in bite-sized pieces. The ESOcast Light episodes will not be replacing the standard, longer ESOcasts, but complement them with current astronomy news and images in ESO press releases. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso2006a/ Subscribe to ESOcast in iTunes! https://itunes.apple.com/podcast/esocast-hd/id295471183?mt=2 Receive future episodes on YouTube by pressing the Subscribe button above or follow us on Vimeo: https://vimeo.com/esoastronomy Watch more ESOcast episodes: https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/esocast/ Find out how to view and contribute subtitles for the ESOcast in multiple languages, or translate this video on YouTube: https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/translators/ Credit: ESO Directed by: Herbert Zodet. Editing: Herbert Zodet. Web and technical support: Gurvan Bazin and Raquel Yumi Shida. Written by: Caitlyn Buongiorno, Stephanie Rowlands and Bárbara Ferreira. Music: John Stanford – Deep Space (johnstanfordmusic.com). Footage and photos: ESO, L. Calçada and Daniele Gasparri (www.astroatacama.com). Scientific consultants: Paola Amico and Mariya Lyubenova.

As doctors and nurses are on the frontlines, saving the lives of those infected by COVID-19, others have a role to play to prevent the disease spreading further by staying at home. This goes for ESO staff as well, including astronomers and telescope operators. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso_astro_at_home/ Subscribe to ESOcast in iTunes! https://itunes.apple.com/podcast/esocast-hd/id295471183?mt=2 Receive future episodes on YouTube by pressing the Subscribe button above or follow us on Vimeo: https://vimeo.com/esoastronomy Watch more ESOcast episodes: https://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/esocast/ Find out how to view and contribute subtitles for the ESOcast in multiple languages, or translate this video on YouTube: https://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/translators/ Credit: Created by ESO Department of Communication Directed by: Herbert Zodet and Bárbara Ferreira. Editing: Herbert Zodet. Web and technical support: Gurvan Bazin and Raquel Yumi Shida. Written by: Bárbara Ferreira. Music: Johan B. Monell (www.johanmonell.com) — Luka. Footage and photos: ESO, C. Malin (christophmalin.com), B. Tafreshi (twanight.org) and NASA/ESA/M.Kornmesser.