EXTRATERRESTRIAL LIFE

For six decades, most SETI experiments have relied on picking up signals reaching Earth. However, such schemes have limitations that can be avoided by searching for artifacts: constructions or rearrangements of nature attributable to highly advanced intelligence. Join Senior Director Simon Steel and Senior Astronomer Seth Shostak, who will talk about the advantages of hunting for artifacts and what such searches might uncover.

We speak to biologist Wallace Arthur about his new book The Biological Universe, and why he believes life could be flourishing throughout the cosmos.

At Lowell42 we’ll delve into deep questions like these. Our goal is to connect you to “life, the Universe, and everything.” (Many of you will recall that in Douglas Adams’s comical novel “The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy,” the supercomputer came up with 42 as the answer to the ultimate question of life, the universe, and everything.) The search for life in the universe has become a driving force behind much current space exploration, including planned missions to Mars, Europa, Enceladus, and other solar system bodies. It is also a seminal question for humanity “Are we alone in the cosmos?”  Yet, in spite of tremendous advances in molecular and paleo-biology, we are still largely ignorant as to how, when, and where life originated on Earth and, by extension, possibly on some of the many Earth-like exoplanets recently discovered. We shall examine some of the aspects relating to these complex and ever-fascinating questions. Klaus Brasch, Ph.D., is a retired bioscientist with a long term interest in astronomy and astrobiology. He has been a volunteer at Lowell Observatory for over a decade and Asteroid 25226-Brasch was recently named for his service.

High-energy radiation emitted from an old red dwarf star, named Barnard, makes life in the habitable zone of the system challenging. The Chandra X-ray observatory and Hubble Space Telescope were used to study the star. Credit: NASA/CXC/A. Hobart

Where should we search for alien signals? We explain a scheme that tells us where to point the telescopes, and when, as Seth Shostak interviews Sofia Sheikh from the Penn State Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics.

This week we are excited (and honored) to welcome Dr. Jill Tarter to the Weekly Space Hangout. Best known for her work in the field of SETI, tonight Jill will be discussing the search for technosignatures. Dr. Jill Tarter is the Emeritus Chair for SETI Research at the SETI Institute in Mountain View, California and serves as a member of the Board of Trustees for that institution. Tarter received her Bachelor of Engineering Physics Degree with Distinction from Cornell University and her Master’s Degree and a Ph.D. in Astronomy from the University of California, Berkeley. She has spent the majority of her professional career attempting to answer the old human question “Are we alone?” by searching for evidence of technological civilizations beyond Earth. She served as Project Scientist for NASA’s SETI program, the High Resolution Microwave Survey and has conducted numerous observational programs at radio observatories worldwide. She is a Fellow of the AAAS, the California Academy of Sciences, and the Explorers Club, she was named one of the Time 100 Most Influential People in the World in 2004, and one of the Time 25 in Space in 2012, received a TED prize in 2009, two public service awards from NASA, multiple awards for communicating science to the public, and has been honored as a woman in technology. She was the 2014 Jansky Lecturer, and received a Genius Award from Liberty Science Center in 2015. She served as President of the California Academy of Sciences 2015-16. Asteroid 74824 Tarter (1999 TJ16) has been named in her honor. Since the termination of funding for NASA’s SETI program in 1993, she has served in a leadership role to design and build the Allen Telescope Array and to secure private funding to continue the exploratory science of SETI. Many people are now familiar with her work as portrayed by Jodie Foster in the movie Contact. Her biography Making Contact was written by Sarah Scoles and published in 2017. You can read an excerpt from Jill's biography Making Contact and learn how to get your own copy here: https://books.google.com/books/about/Making_Contact_Jill_Tarter_and_the_Searc.html?id=HTIpDwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=kp_read_button#v=onepage&q&f=false You can learn more about Jill by visiting her SETI profile here: https://www.seti.org/our-scientists/jill-tarter To learn more about the Allen Telescope Array, visit https://www.seti.org/ata **************************************** The Weekly Space Hangout is a production of CosmoQuest. Want to support CosmoQuest? Here are some specific ways you can help: ► Subscribe FREE to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/c/cosmoquest ► Subscribe to our podcasts Astronomy Cast and Daily Space where ever you get your podcasts! ► Watch our streams over on Twitch at https://www.twitch.tv/cosmoquestx – follow and subscribe! ► Become a Patreon of CosmoQuest https://www.patreon.com/cosmoquestx ► Become a Patreon of Astronomy Cast https://www.patreon.com/astronomycast ► Buy stuff from our Redbubble https://www.redbubble.com/people/cosmoquestx ► Join our Discord server for CosmoQuest - https://discord.gg/4g35wpW ► Join the Weekly Space Hangout Crew! - http://www.wshcrew.space/ Don't forget to like and subscribe! Plus we love being shared out to new people, so tweet, comment, review us... all the free things you can do to help bring science into people's lives.

The Hynek Scale was created by J. Allen Hynek, to rank the severity of alien close encounter claims... Close encounters of the Third Kind are now a key idea in science fiction and pop culture (thanks to the 1977 Stephen Spielberg Movie). But, what does a Third Kind encounter really involve? In this video, Unveiled finds out! This is Unveiled, giving you incredible answers to extraordinary questions! Find more amazing videos for your curiosity here: 5 (Allegedly) Alien Artifacts Found on Earth - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v6zV5nV4aWs 6 Alien Abduction Stories That Will Make You Believe - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-AP0X3ZXHP8 Are you constantly curious? Then subscribe for more from Unveiled ► https://wmojo.com/unveiled-subscribe #CloseEncounter #Alien #UFO

How is the SETI Institute ramping up the search for extraterrestrial intelligence? Initiatives that will speed our reconnaissance of the heavens include new receivers, the use of the Very Large Array in New Mexico, and the possibility that astronomers could find massive artifacts near distant worlds. Hear Andrew Siemion and Seth Shostak discuss the latest SETI developments.

Start listening with a 30-day Audible trial and your first audiobook is free. Visit http://www.audible.com/isaac or text "isaac" to 500-500. We typically imagine interstellar civilizations as vastly superior in technology to modern times, but could the future see planets colonized by spaceships little better than our modern ones? Could some alien worlds allow space travel to develop far sooner and easier than it did on Earth? Or could civilizations abandon more advanced technology? Visit our Website: http://www.isaacarthur.net Support us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/IsaacArthur Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/1583992725237264/ Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/IsaacArthur/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/Isaac_A_Arthur on Twitter and RT our future content. SFIA Discord Server: https://discord.gg/53GAShE Listen or Download the audio of this episode from Soundcloud: Episode's Audio-only version: https://soundcloud.com/isaac-arthur-148927746/low-tech-spacefaring-civilizations Episode's Narration-only version: https://soundcloud.com/isaac-arthur-148927746/low-tech-spacefaring-civilizations-narration-only Credits: Low-Tech Spacefaring Civilizations Science & Futurism with Isaac Arthur Episode 260; October 15, 2020 Written, Produced, and Narrated by Isaac Arthur Editors: Darius Said Jerry Guern Keith Blockus Konstantin Sokerin Cover Art: Jakub Grygier https://www.artstation.com/jakub_grygier Graphics: Bryan Versteeg http://spacehabs.com Fishy Tree https://www.deviantart.com/fishytree/ Jeremy Jozwik https://www.artstation.com/zeuxis_of_losdiajana LegionTech Studios https://hades9.com SpaceResourcesCGI Sergio Botero https://www.artstation.com/sboterod?fref=gc Udo Schroeter Music Courtesy of Epidemic Sound http://epidemicsound.com/creator

You can buy Universe Sandbox 2 here: http://amzn.to/2yJqwU6 Or get a shirt: https://teespring.com/stores/whatdamath Hello and welcome! My name is Anton and in this video, we will talk about new updates on the search for the existence of Extraterrestrial Intelligent Life nearby and 10 000 000 stars that were investigated. Paper: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2009.03267.pdf Support this channel on Patreon to help me make this a full time job: https://www.patreon.com/whatdamath Space Engine is available for free here: http://spaceengine.org Enjoy and please subscribe. Twitter: https://twitter.com/WhatDaMath Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/whatdamath Twitch: http://www.twitch.tv/whatdamath Bitcoins to spare? Donate them here to help this channel grow! 1GFiTKxWyEjAjZv4vsNtWTUmL53HgXBuvu Alternatively, PayPal donations can be sent here: https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=DNKM9SDWU3B3Q&source=url The hardware used to record these videos: CPU: https://amzn.to/2LZFQCJ Video Card: https://amzn.to/2M1W26C Motherboard: https://amzn.to/2JYGiQQ RAM: https://amzn.to/2Mwy2t4 PSU: https://amzn.to/2LZcrIH Case: https://amzn.to/2MwJZz4 Microphone: https://amzn.to/2t5jTv0 Mixer: https://amzn.to/2JOL0oF Recording and Editing: https://amzn.to/2LX6uvU Some of the above are affiliate links, meaning I would get a (very small) percentage of the price paid. Thank you to all Patreon supporters of this channel Specifically, great thanks to the following members: Morrison Waud Vlad Manshin Mark Teranishi TheHuntress Ralph Spataro Albert B. Cannon Lilith Dawn Greg Lambros adam lee Gabriel Seiffert Henry Spadoni J Carter Jer Silver surfer Konrad Kummli Nick Dolgy UnexpectedBooks.com Mario Rahmani George Williams Shinne Jakub Glos Johann Goergen Jake Salo LS Greger Lyndon Riley Lauren Smith Michael Tiganila Russell Sears Vinod sethi Dave Blair Robert Wyssbrod Randal Masutani Michael Mitsuda Assaf Dar Sagol Liam Moss Timothy Welter MD Barnard Rabenold Gordon Cooper Tracy Burgess Douglas Burns Jayjay Volz Anataine Deva Kai Raphahn Sander Stols Bodo Graßmann Daniel Charles Smith Daniel G. Eugene Sandulenko gary steelman Max McNally Michael Koebel Sergio Ruelas Steven Aiello Victor Julian Castillo xyndicate Honey Suzanne Lyons Olegas Budnik Dale Andrew Darling Niji Peter Hamrak Matthew Lazear Alexander Afanasyev Anton Newman Anton Reed

You can buy Universe Sandbox 2 here: http://amzn.to/2yJqwU6 Or get a shirt: https://teespring.com/stores/whatdamath Hello and welcome! My name is Anton and in this video, we will talk about an idea of exotic life surviving and thriving inside stars Paper: https://osf.io/j6gux/ Dragon's Egg book: https://amzn.to/34Cba5A Support this channel on Patreon to help me make this a full time job: https://www.patreon.com/whatdamath Space Engine is available for free here: http://spaceengine.org Enjoy and please subscribe. Twitter: https://twitter.com/WhatDaMath Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/whatdamath Twitch: http://www.twitch.tv/whatdamath Bitcoins to spare? Donate them here to help this channel grow! 1GFiTKxWyEjAjZv4vsNtWTUmL53HgXBuvu Alternatively, PayPal donations can be sent here: https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=DNKM9SDWU3B3Q&source=url The hardware used to record these videos: CPU: https://amzn.to/2LZFQCJ Video Card: https://amzn.to/2M1W26C Motherboard: https://amzn.to/2JYGiQQ RAM: https://amzn.to/2Mwy2t4 PSU: https://amzn.to/2LZcrIH Case: https://amzn.to/2MwJZz4 Microphone: https://amzn.to/2t5jTv0 Mixer: https://amzn.to/2JOL0oF Recording and Editing: https://amzn.to/2LX6uvU Some of the above are affiliate links, meaning I would get a (very small) percentage of the price paid. Thank you to all Patreon supporters of this channel Specifically, great thanks to the following members: Morrison Waud Vlad Manshin Mark Teranishi TheHuntress Ralph Spataro Albert B. Cannon Lilith Dawn Greg Lambros adam lee Gabriel Seiffert Henry Spadoni J Carter Jer Silver surfer Konrad Kummli Nick Dolgy UnexpectedBooks.com Mario Rahmani George Williams Shinne Jakub Glos Johann Goergen Jake Salo LS Greger Lyndon Riley Lauren Smith Michael Tiganila Russell Sears Vinod sethi Dave Blair Robert Wyssbrod Randal Masutani Michael Mitsuda Assaf Dar Sagol Liam Moss Timothy Welter MD Barnard Rabenold Gordon Cooper Tracy Burgess Douglas Burns Jayjay Volz Anataine Deva Kai Raphahn Sander Stols Bodo Graßmann Daniel Charles Smith Daniel G. Eugene Sandulenko gary steelman Max McNally Michael Koebel Sergio Ruelas Steven Aiello Victor Julian Castillo xyndicate Honey Suzanne Lyons Olegas Budnik Dale Andrew Darling Niji Peter Hamrak Matthew Lazear Alexander Afanasyev Anton Newman Anton Reed

Start listening with a 30-day Audible trial and your first audiobook is free. Visit http://www.audible.com/isaac or text "isaac" to 500-500. The genesis and origin of life may require a very rare and delicate mixture of certain chemicals. One of those is phosphorus, and trying to figure out how we ever got enough of it in Earth's primordial soup for life to form in the first place has long puzzled scientists. We will also discuss the recent discovery of Phosphine Gas in Venus's Atmosphere Check out Jerry's Stories: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mxgArWbEhZg Visit our Website: http://www.isaacarthur.net Support us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/IsaacArthur Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/1583992725237264/ Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/IsaacArthur/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/Isaac_A_Arthur on Twitter and RT our future content. SFIA Discord Server: https://discord.gg/53GAShE Listen or Download the audio of this episode from Soundcloud: Episode's Audio-only version: https://soundcloud.com/isaac-arthur-148927746/the-fermi-paradox-the-phosphorus-problem Episode's Narration-only version: https://soundcloud.com/isaac-arthur-148927746/the-fermi-paradox-the-phosphorus-problem-narration-only Credits: The Fermi Paradox: The Phosphorus Problem Science & Futurism with Isaac Arthur Episode 257; September 24 20, 2020 Produced, and Narrated by Isaac Arthur Written by Isaac Arthur & Jerry Guern Editors: Keith Blockus Mark Warburton S. Kopperud Cover Art: Jakub Grygier https://www.artstation.com/jakub_grygier Graphics: Bryan Versteeg http://spacehabs.com Jeremy Jozwik https://www.artstation.com/zeuxis_of_losdiajana Katie Byrne Kristijan Tavcar Sergio Botero Music Courtesy of Epidemic Sound http://epidemicsound.com/creator

Co-hosted by the SETI Institute and Chabot Space & Science Center With Seth Shostak, SETI Institute When most people think of aliens, they figure that they’re probably little gray guys with big eyes and no hair. And they never smile. After all, that’s what you see on TV and in the movies. But as scientists seek evidence of real aliens, do they have any idea of what they might find? Join us for an exciting talk with Seth Shostak to learn all about what aliens might be like! This event will be great for people of all ages, but especially families with kiddos 8-12 years old!

How long will it be before we find alien life on exoplanets? Exoplanet astronomer Dr. Ryan MacDonald explains how biosignatures can be found in exoplanet atmospheres. He also reveals how the discovery of the first close-in planet around a white dwarf could dramatically accelerate the hunt for alien life beyond the solar system with the James Webb Space Telescope. ***** Chapters ***** 0:00 - Introduction 1:15 - Worlds Beyond Earth 2:26 - Early Exoplanet Discoveries 4:10 - Transiting Exoplanets 5:26 - Transmission Spectroscopy 6:24 - Exoplanet Atmospheres 9:15 - The James Webb Space Telescope 10:33 - Signatures of Life on Earth 14:57 - Exoplanet Biosignatures 16:34 - The Small Star Opportunity 17:52 - Case Study: TRAPPIST-1 19:44 - When Stars Die 20:51 - White Dwarfs 22:27 - The Discovery of WD 1856b 24:04 - Earth-like Planets Around White dwarfs 25:10 - The White Dwarf Opportunity ***** Animations and media ***** Most animations and graphics used here were produced by NASA, ESA, and ESO. Special thanks to Jack Madden for producing the renders of an Earth-like planet around a white dwarf. ***** Music ***** All credit to Aakash Gandhi for creating the two inspirational tracks included in this video and for releasing them into the public domain. ----- Further information ----- ● 'Revealing the Nature of Exoplanetary Atmospheres' (my PhD thesis): https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/297844 ● 'The Astrobiology Primer v2.0': https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/full/10.1089/ast.2015.1460 ● 'How to Characterize Habitable Worlds and Signs of Life': https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-astro-082214-122238 (free open access): https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1911/1911.05597.pdf ● 'Exoplanet Biosignatures: A Review of Remotely Detectable Signs of Life': https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/ast.2017.1729 ● 'The White Dwarf Opportunity: Robust Detections of Molecules in Earth-like Exoplanet Atmospheres with the James Webb Space Telescope': https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2041-8213/aba9d3 (free open access): https://arxiv.org/pdf/2009.07274.pdf ● 'A giant planet candidate transiting a white dwarf': https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2713-y (free open access): https://arxiv.org/pdf/2009.07282.pdf ● 'Atmospheric Retrieval of Exoplanets' (Martian Colonist video): https://youtu.be/ZnLg4YFMfDQ #Exoplanet #AlienLife #JWST

You can buy Universe Sandbox 2 here: http://amzn.to/2yJqwU6 Or get a shirt: https://teespring.com/stores/whatdamath Hello and welcome! My name is Anton and in this video, we will talk about the recent announcement and the implications behind the discovery of phosphine gas on our neighbor Venus. Original paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-020-1174-4 RAS Video used: youtube.com/watch?v=00hUbT6pbYY Previous paper and illustration: https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/ast.2017.1783 Video about Phosphine gas: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OdGa2AG_hAw Another relevant Venus video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YvzT1gGBy2s Support this channel on Patreon to help me make this a full time job: https://www.patreon.com/whatdamath Space Engine is available for free here: http://spaceengine.org Enjoy and please subscribe. Twitter: https://twitter.com/WhatDaMath Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/whatdamath Twitch: http://www.twitch.tv/whatdamath Bitcoins to spare? Donate them here to help this channel grow! 1GFiTKxWyEjAjZv4vsNtWTUmL53HgXBuvu Alternatively, PayPal donations can be sent here: https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=DNKM9SDWU3B3Q&source=url The hardware used to record these videos: CPU: https://amzn.to/2LZFQCJ Video Card: https://amzn.to/2M1W26C Motherboard: https://amzn.to/2JYGiQQ RAM: https://amzn.to/2Mwy2t4 PSU: https://amzn.to/2LZcrIH Case: https://amzn.to/2MwJZz4 Microphone: https://amzn.to/2t5jTv0 Mixer: https://amzn.to/2JOL0oF Recording and Editing: https://amzn.to/2LX6uvU Some of the above are affiliate links, meaning I would get a (very small) percentage of the price paid. Thank you to all Patreon supporters of this channel Specifically, great thanks to the following members: Morrison Waud Vlad Manshin Mark Teranishi TheHuntress Ralph Spataro Albert B. Cannon Lilith Dawn Greg Lambros adam lee Gabriel Seiffert Henry Spadoni J Carter Jer Silver surfer Konrad Kummli Nick Dolgy UnexpectedBooks.com Mario Rahmani George Williams Shinne Jakub Glos Johann Goergen Jake Salo LS Greger Lyndon Riley Lauren Smith Michael Tiganila Russell Sears Vinod sethi Dave Blair Robert Wyssbrod Randal Masutani Michael Mitsuda Assaf Dar Sagol Liam Moss Timothy Welter MD Barnard Rabenold Gordon Cooper Tracy Burgess Douglas Burns Jayjay Volz Anataine Deva Kai Raphahn Sander Stols Bodo Graßmann Daniel Charles Smith Daniel G. Eugene Sandulenko gary steelman Max McNally Michael Koebel Sergio Ruelas Steven Aiello Victor Julian Castillo xyndicate Honey Suzanne Lyons Olegas Budnik Dale Andrew Darling Niji Peter Hamrak Matthew Lazear Alexander Afanasyev Anton Newman Anton Reed

Researchers from Cardiff University and MIT just published a paper in Nature in which they claim to have found phosphine, a possible biosignature, in the clouds of Venus' atmosphere. Join David Grinspoon, astrobiologist at the Planetary Science Institute who serves on the SETI Institute's Science Advisory Board, and Nathalie Cabrol, Director of the Carl Sagan Center at the SETI Institute, in a discussion about the possibility of life on Venus.

Senior Planetary Astronomer Franck Marchis tells us the story of the search for life on Venus and the importance of today's discovery of a biomarker in the atmosphere of the planet. Could this indicate that Venus has an aerial biosphere? What are the consequences for the future exploration of the hellish sister of Earth?

Are we alone or do we share our solar system and galaxy with other forms of life? And how widespread are advanced civilizations with whom we could communicate? Robert will explore ways of answering these questions: launching robotic spacecraft to explore our solar system, detecting chemical biosignatures in exoplanet atmospheres, and employing various techniques for picking up signatures of advanced civilizations. Robert has recently published a pair of articles exploring these topics in Astronomy Magazine: the cover story of the September 2020 print issue (if you don't currently subscribe, it's available on newsstands right now!) and a companion article you can read on Astronomy's website: https://astronomy.com/magazine/news/2020/07/planets-and-life Robert Naeye is a freelance science journalist based in Hershey, Pennsylvania. He is a former editor in chief of Sky & Telescope, one of the world’s most respected popular astronomy magazines. He also worked for NASA at its Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland. During his 30-year career he has written hundreds of articles about astronomy and space science. He has authored two books and contributed to three others. Please visit his website at: www.robertnaeye.com. --- The views expressed in presentations are those of the speakers and do not necessarily represent, and should not be attributed to, the Warren Astronomical Society.

Start listening with a 30-day Audible trial and your first audiobook is free. Visit http://www.audible.com/isaac or text "isaac" to 500-500. One possible solution to the Fermi Paradox, the big question of where all the aliens are, is that some ancient galactic disaster wiped out extraterrestrial civilizations, and we're among the first to arrive back on the spacefaring scene. Visit our Website: http://www.isaacarthur.net Support us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/IsaacArthur Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/1583992725237264/ Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/IsaacArthur/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/Isaac_A_Arthur on Twitter and RT our future content. SFIA Discord Server: https://discord.gg/53GAShE Listen or Download the audio of this episode from Soundcloud: Episode's Audio-only version: https://soundcloud.com/isaac-arthur-148927746/the-fermi-paradox-galactic-disasters Episode's Narration-only version: https://soundcloud.com/isaac-arthur-148927746/the-fermi-paradox-galactic-disasters-narration-only Credits: The Fermi Paradox: Galactic Disasters Science & Futurism with Isaac Arthur Episode 252; August 20, 2020 Written, Produced, and Narrated by Isaac Arthur Editors: Darius Said Jerry Guern Cover Art: Jakub Grygier https://www.artstation.com/jakub_grygier Graphics: Mihail Yordanov Music Courtesy of Epidemic Sound http://epidemicsound.com/creator

As the longer stretches of the electromagnetic spectrum have repeatedly turned up dry, the Search for ExtraTerrestrial Intelligence has gradually shifted to higher and higher frequencies, and have recently crossed into the domain of our eyes. Isaac's video (Talkative Aliens): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2ffuKu2fJ6Y&feature=youtu.be Alberto's card: (Laser Aliens): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=04AIXj78nJ0&feature=youtu.be