JAMES WEBB SPACE TELESCOPE

This time-lapse video reveals NASA's James Webb Space Telescope is now a fully assembled observatory, and is accomplishing large scale deployments and movements that it will perform while in space. In 2019, NASA's James Webb Space Telescope celebrated the full mechanical and electrical assembly of the world's largest, most powerful space science observatory ever built. Meaning that Webb's two halves have been physically put together and its wiring harnesses and electrical interfaces have been connected. Following assembly, the Webb team moved on to successfully send deployment and tensioning commands to all five layers of its sunshield, which is designed to protect the observatory's mirrors and scientific instruments from light and heat, primarily from the Sun. Ensuring mission success for an observatory of this scale and complexity is a challenging endeavor. All of the telescope's major components have been tested individually through simulated environments they would encounter during launch, and while orbiting a million miles away from earth. Now that Webb is fully assembled, it must meet rigorous observatory-level standards. The complete spacecraft reacts and performs differently to testing environments than when its components are tested individually. The 1:00 minute video was created by NASA's videographers and filmed over a period of time at Northrop Grumman's clean room in Redondo Beach, California. Following Webb's successful sunshield deployment and tensioning test, members have nearly finished the long process of perfectly folding the sunshield back into its stowed position for flight, which occupies a much smaller space than when it is fully deployed. Then, the observatory will be subject to comprehensive electrical tests and one more set of mechanical tests that emulate the launch acoustic and vibration environment, followed by one final deployment and stowing cycle on the ground, before its flight into space. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center Aaron E. Lepsch (ADNET): Technical Support Michael McClare (KBRwyle): Videographer Sophia Roberts (AIMM): Videographer Michael P. Menzel (AIMM): Video Editor Song: Everlasting Force, copyright, 2015, Atomsphere Music Ltd [PRS]

Astro Coffee Hangouts have a new format! Astro Coffee will now be streamed every Thursday at 3pm regardless of whether we can schedule a guest or not. On the off-weeks where no guest is available, Tony will go over several topics of current interest in astronomy and facilitate a discussion. If you'd like to join in with your audio, then go on the Discord Public Voice Channel and "call in" with a question or comment. Here are the links to today's stories: GAO Report: https://www.gao.gov/assets/710/704078.pdf What's up with Betelguese? https://earthsky.org/space/betelgeuse-dimming-late-2019-early-2020-supernova Starlink: https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2020/02/spacex-starlink-astronomy/606169/ https://aas.org/posts/advocacy/2019/12/aas-works-mitigate-impact-satellite-constellations-ground-based-observing Discord Voice Channel here: https://discord.gg/Un68Qam Songs played: Mario Ayuda feat. Mia Mormino - Nightmare [Concordia Recordings] https://youtu.be/ID2Q7BoyBaA Helucze - Run Away [Concordia Recordings] https://youtu.be/J7sejKogDUc #AstroCoffee #LiveAstronomy Join our Chat on Discord here: https://discord.gg/nqGpvtK Like this content? Please consider becoming a patron: https://patreon.com/DeepAstronomy Follow DeepAstronomy on Twitter: @DeepAstronomy Watch Tony's Twitch Tuesdays on Twitch: https://twitch.tv/DeepAstronomy

This year marks the ninth year that I started posting this news series. It all started with the winter meeting of the American Astronomical Society in 2011 and continues to this day. In this episode, at a town hall held on the first day of AAS meeting, NASA program managers and scientists express confidence that the James Webb Space Telescope will launch as currently scheduled in March 2021. Also, I got more feedback from my JWST reporting, this time from the Public Affairs Office at NASA. #JWST #SpaceFanNews #AAS235 Watch Last 2 JWST Videos Here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xeW37uKip1c https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oUzp8tLiCCc Get Mova Globe Here: http://bit.ly/deepastronMOVAGlobes Read More Here: https://spacenews.com/jwst-remains-on-schedule-for-march-2021-launch/ https://spacenews.com/jwst-schedule-margin-shrinks/ Join our Chat on Discord here: https://discord.gg/nqGpvtK Like this content? Please consider becoming a patron: https://patreon.com/DeepAstronomy Follow DeepAstronomy on Twitter: @DeepAstronomy Like DeepAstronomy on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DeepAstronomy/

Please check out the wonderful Mova Globes Here: http://bit.ly/deepastronMOVAGlobes I have some further comments about some SFN feedback I got on my last JWST Video and in addition to that, it looks like we finally have some telescopes operating on the far side of the Moon. #JWST #NASAJWST #LunarFarSide Join our Chat on Discord here: https://discord.gg/nqGpvtK Like this content? Please consider becoming a patron: https://patreon.com/DeepAstronomy Follow DeepAstronomy on Twitter: @DeepAstronomy Like DeepAstronomy on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DeepAstronomy/

In this week's questions show, I tackle all the questions about James Webb generated by the videos we did this week. Can it be refueled? How can it see the entire sky? Is the delay a blessing? And more... 00:30 How will JWST run out of propellant? 03:12 Are there spacecraft that could service JWST? 05:00 Can JWST only see half the sky? 08:21 Is the delay a blessing in disguise? 10:58 Why not construct it in Low Earth Orbit? 13:09 Could we build a copy? 14:29 Could JWST use gravitational lensing? 15:55 Will JWST image black holes? 17:52 Is the telescope an antique? 18:49 Should we look or explore? 20:52 Could it find vegetation? 22:00 Is James Webb already a failure? Want to be part of the questions show? Ask a short question on any video on my channel. I gather a bunch up each week, and answer them here. Our Book is out! https://www.amazon.com/Universe-Today-Ultimate-Viewing-Cosmos/dp/1624145442/ Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Weekly Space Hangout: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC0-KklSGlCiJDwOPdR2EUcg/ Astronomy Cast: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCUHI67dh9jEO2rvK--MdCSg Support us at: https://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: https://www.universetoday.com/ Twitch: https://twitch.tv/fcain Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Instagram - https://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected]

In October 2019, technicians and engineers successfully performed a critical test on NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope by fully deploying and properly tensioning each of its five uniquely sized sunshield layers, putting them into the same positions they will have in space. To observe distant parts of the universe humans have never seen before, the Webb observatory is equipped with an arsenal of revolutionary technologies, making it the most sophisticated and complex space science telescope ever created. Among the most challenging of these technologies is the five-layer sunshield, designed to protect the observatory's mirrors and scientific instruments from light and heat, primarily from the Sun. Due to the telescope’s size, shape and thermal performance requirements, the sunshield must be both big and complex. As if that’s not challenging enough, it also must be very lightweight, fit inside a standard 5-meter (16-foot) diameter rocket fairing, survive the perils of launch, and accurately deploy into its required shape, with only a single chance to get it right. Following Webb’s successful sunshield test within Northrop Grumman’s Redondo Beach, California facility, team members have begun the long process of perfectly folding the sunshield back into its stowed configuration for flight, which occupies a drastically smaller volume than when it is fully deployed. Webb will be the world's premier space science observatory. It will solve mysteries in our solar system, look beyond to distant worlds around other stars, and probe the mysterious structures and origins of our universe and our place in it. Webb is an international project led by NASA with its partners, ESA (European Space Agency), and the Canadian Space Agency. Read more: https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2019/nasa-s-james-webb-space-telescope-clears-critical-sunshield-deployment-testing This video is public domain and along with other supporting visualizations can be downloaded from the Scientific Visualization Studio at: http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13354 Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center Michael Starobin (KBRwyle): Lead Editor Michael McClare (KBRwyle): Lead Videographer Michael McClare (KBRwyle): Lead Producer Michael Starobin (KBRwyle): Producer Michael P. Menzel (AIMM): Videographer Michael Starobin (KBRwyle): Videographer Michael Starobin (KBRwyle): Writer Follow NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope: · Instagram http: https://www.instagram.com/nasawebb/ · Twitter http: https://twitter.com/NASAWebb · Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/webbtelescope/ · Flickr: https://www.flickr.com/photos/nasawebbtelescope/

Today I'll be joined by Paul Geithner, the Deputy Project Manager for NASA's James Webb Space Telescope. You've had questions about this mission. Well... now's your chance to get them answered directly from the source. Paul started working with NASA in 1991 on the Hubble Space Telescope, shifting over to James Webb. In 2011, he became the Deputy Project Manager, Technical for James Webb. Learn more here: https://jwst.nasa.gov/content/meetTheTeam/people/geithner.html Our Book is out! https://www.amazon.com/Universe-Today-Ultimate-Viewing-Cosmos/dp/1624145442/ Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Weekly Space Hangout: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC0-KklSGlCiJDwOPdR2EUcg/ Astronomy Cast: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCUHI67dh9jEO2rvK--MdCSg Support us at: https://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: https://www.universetoday.com/ Twitch: https://twitch.tv/fcain Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Instagram - https://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected]

On March 30, 2021, NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope will blast off from the European Space Agency’s European spaceport in Kourou, French Giana on board an Ariane 5 rocket. It’ll fly to the Sun-Earth L2 Lagrange point, a relatively stable spot in space that keeps the glare from the Sun, Earth, and Moon all in a tiny spot in the sky. Then, it’ll unfurl its tennis court-sized sunshade, fold out its gigantic 6.5-meter mirror, and peer out into the distant cosmos. Over the course of the next 10 years, this infrared observatory will help astronomers learn about the earliest moments of the Universe, directly observe the atmospheres of planets orbiting other stars, and peer at newly forming stars and planets. And if you listened to the words I just said with equal parts terror and skepticism, I don’t blame you. James Webb’s path to space has been long and tortuous. And the risks that the mission still faces are very real. Hopefully, the science will be worth it. Hopefully, nothing else goes wrong from now until deployment. So today, I want to do a deep dive into James Webb. To talk about the history of the mission, why it exists, how the development went, and where it stands today. I’ll warn you though, the length of this video is going to go way over budget. Our Book is out! https://www.amazon.com/Universe-Today-Ultimate-Viewing-Cosmos/dp/1624145442/ Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Weekly Space Hangout: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC0-KklSGlCiJDwOPdR2EUcg/ Astronomy Cast: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCUHI67dh9jEO2rvK--MdCSg Support us at https://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at https://www.universetoday.com/ Twitch: https://twitch.tv/fcain Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Instagram - https://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] References: http://www.stsci.edu/jwst/about-jwst/history https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/hubble/servicing/index.html https://www.nasa.gov/content/goddard/2017/highlights-of-hubble-s-exploration-of-the-universe http://www.stsci.edu/files/live/sites/www/files/home/hst/documentation/_documents/NextGenerationSpaceTelescope.pdf https://webb.nasa.gov/content/about/faqs/whoIsJamesWebb.html http://www.stsci.edu/jwst/about-jwst/history/design-reference-mission-drm https://archive.ph/20120805155712/http://www.stsci.edu/jwst/news/2003/nasa-announces-contract https://www.nature.com/articles/4671028a http://www.icc.dur.ac.uk/~tt/Lectures/Galaxies/Images/Infrared/Regions/irregions.html https://jwst.nasa.gov/content/observatory/sunshield.html https://jwst.nasa.gov/content/observatory/instruments/index.html https://jwst.nasa.gov/content/observatory/instruments/nircam.html https://jwst.nasa.gov/content/observatory/instruments/fgs.html https://jwst.nasa.gov/content/observatory/instruments/miri.html https://jwst.nasa.gov/content/about/comparisonWebbVsHubble.html https://jwst.nasa.gov/content/about/faqs/faq.html http://www.spitzer.caltech.edu/ https://jwst.nasa.gov/content/forScientists/faqScientists.html https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-completes-webb-telescope-review https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2019/nasa-s-james-webb-space-telescope-has-been-assembled-for-the-first-time

This video have been updated. A new version can be found here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jdTO_g378fI

Get Telescope Gear and Support Deep Astronomy: http://bit.ly/2Wq0BO8 (aff link) The Constellation Globe is here (not aff link): http://bit.ly/2JrYwfG Keep Looking Up Tshirt Here: http://bit.ly/2WjuIqL The much delayed and extremely expensive to Hubble, the James Webb Space Telescope is finally all in one piece and passed some initial tests that opened the fragile and very large Sun shield that will protect the telescope cameras from the Sun while in space. So, what’s next for this mission? Consider supporting Space Fan News: https://patreon.com/DeepAstronomy to ensure you get current space & astronomy news each week! #JWST #NASAJWST #SpaceFanNews Space Fan News Theme by Stephen Dubois available for download here: http://ancienteyesmusic.com Follow DeepAstronomy on Twitter: @DeepAstronomy Like DeepAstronomy on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DeepAstronomy/ Like Space Fan News on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/SpaceFanNews/

Join experts as we discuss the most complex telescope ever created by humans – the James Webb Space Telescope. Webb will be like a powerful time machine with infrared vision that will peer back over 13.5 billion years to see some of the first stars and galaxies forming out of the darkness of the early universe.

This is B-roll of an edited feature (https://youtu.be/Trh9ohPo-cE) showing our techs & engineers successfully connecting the two halves of the James Webb Space Telescope Observatory at Northrop Grumman. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center Michael McClare (KBRwyle): Producer Michael McClare (KBRwyle): Videographer Sophia Roberts (AIMM): Videographer Michael McClare (KBRwyle): Video Editor Download this B-roll and the associated feature video: https://go.nasa.gov/30WQzVH

In a recent update (https://go.nasa.gov/2VtVFrg), we showed you photos of our techs & engineers successfully connecting the two halves of the James Webb Space Telescope observatory at Northrop Grumman. Here is a video with new views of this mission milestone. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center Michael McClare (KBRwyle): Producer Michael McClare (KBRwyle): Videographer Sophia Roberts (AIMM): Videographer Michael McClare (KBRwyle): Video Editor Download this video and associated B-roll: https://go.nasa.gov/30WQzVH

Full podcast episodes: http://www.askaspaceman.com Support: http://www.patreon.com/pmsutter Follow: http://www.twitter.com/PaulMattSutter and http://www.facebook.com/PaulMattSutter Why is infrared astronomy so hard? How do we fit giant telescopes into tiny rockets? What will the James Webb uncover? I discuss these questions and more in today’s Ask a Spaceman! Follow all the show updates at http://www.askaspaceman.com, and help support the show at http://www.patreon.com/pmsutter! Keep those questions about space, science, astronomy, astrophysics, and cosmology coming to #AskASpaceman for COMPLETE KNOWLEDGE OF TIME AND SPACE! Music by Jason Grady and Nick Bain.

NASA Program Scientist Dr. Eric Smith gave a wonderful talk at last Friday’s All Space Considered to tell us all about the James Webb Space Telescope. All Space Considered is Griffith Observatory’s live science program that is free and open to the public, held the first Friday of every month. Subscribe now for more All Space Considered clips: https://www.youtube.com/subscription_center?add_user=griffithobservatory Watch All Space Considered videos: https://www.youtube.com/griffithobservatory Learn more about All Space Considered on our official site: http://griffithobservatory.org/asc/all_space.html Follow All Space Considered on SOCIAL MEDIA: Twitter: https://twitter.com/allspacecnsdrd Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/AllSpaceConsidered/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/allspaceconsidered/ -Disclaimer- WE DO NOT OWN THE RIGHTS TO THE, VIDEOS, MUSICAL MATERIAL OR PICTURES PRESENT THAT WERE NOT CREATED DIRECTLY BY GRIFFITH OBSERVATORY OR ITS AFFILIATES, ALL CREDIT FOR THIS MATERIAL GOES TO THE ORIGINAL ARTISTS, CREATORS AND COMPOSERS. Fair Use: "Copyright Disclaimer Under Section 107 of the Copyright Act 1976, allowance is made for "fair use" for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research. Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statute that might otherwise be infringing. Non-profit, educational or personal use tips the balance in favor of fair use."

Eric Smith is the NASA Headquarters Program Scientist for the James Webb Space Telescope and the Chief Scientist in NASA HQ’s Astrophysics Division. Planned for launch in 2021, Webb will be the world’s premier space science observatory. It will solve mysteries in our solar system, look beyond to distant worlds around other stars, and probe the mysterious structures and origins of our universe and our place in it. Webb is an international project led by NASA with its partners, ESA (European Space Agency), and the Canadian Space Agency. Dr. Smith will discuss the scientific plans and prospects for Webb as well as current mission status. It is an exciting time in Webb’s development with the final integration of its components occurring just two weeks ago.

We have some good news this week for all the James Webb fans out there, as well as a look a some creative chemistry that may help us find the first solid evidence of an exomoon! Hosted by: Caitlin Hofmeister SciShow has a spinoff podcast! It's called SciShow Tangents. Check it out at http://www.scishowtangents.org ---------- Support SciShow by becoming a patron on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/scishow ---------- Huge thanks go to the following Patreon supporters for helping us keep SciShow free for everyone forever: Avi Yashchin, Adam Brainard, Greg, Alex Hackman, Sam Lutfi, D.A. Noe, Piya Shedden, KatieMarie Magnone, Scott Satovsky Jr, Charles Southerland, Patrick D. Ashmore, charles george, Kevin Bealer, Chris Peters ---------- Like SciShow? Want to help support us, and also get things to put on your walls, cover your torso and hold your liquids? Check out our awesome products over at DFTBA Records: http://dftba.com/scishow ---------- Looking for SciShow elsewhere on the internet? Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/scishow Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/scishow Tumblr: http://scishow.tumblr.com Instagram: http://instagram.com/thescishow ---------- Sources: https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2019/nasa-s-james-webb-space-telescope-has-been-assembled-for-the-first-time https://jwst.nasa.gov/content/observatory/index.html https://arxiv.org/pdf/1908.10732.pdf https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-08/uob-hoa082919.php https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/506183 https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/moons/jupiter-moons/io/overview/ https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg12617223-700-science-jupiters-sodium-cloud/ https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/338770 Image Sources: Webb https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/Gallery/JWST.html https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12895 https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12459 https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20250 https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30684#22559 https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10994 https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12424 https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10776 https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12431 https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2019/nasa-s-james-webb-space-telescope-has-been-assembled-for-the-first-time https://www.jwst.nasa.gov/content/about/comparisonWebbVsHubble.html https://jwst.nasa.gov/content/observatory/sunshield.html https://jwst.nasa.gov/content/observatory/instruments/index.html https://jwst.nasa.gov/content/about/innovations/cryocooler.html Exomoon https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/resources/118/habitable-exomoon/ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Exomoon_Kepler-1625b-i_orbiting_its_planet_(artist%E2%80%99s_impression).tif https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Moons_of_solar_system_v7.jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:HD189733b.jpg https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/resources/809/high-resolution-global-view-of-io/?category=moons/jupiter-moons_io https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/resources/1039/galileo-sees-io-erupt/?category=moons/jupiter-moons_io https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap000606.html https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/resources/427/juno-closes-in-on-jupiter/?category=moons/jupiter-moons_io https://www.eurekalert.org/multimedia/pub/210022.php?from=439708 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Clear_to_cloudy_hot_Jupiters.jpg

We have all heard of the James Webb Space Telescope but do we really understand how complex it is and how important it will be when it is put into orbit? Dr. Nathalie Ouellette explains the challenges and the dramatic advances that one of the most complex machines ever built, the James Webb Space Telescope, will have on modern astronomy. She gave her presentation at the RASC/AAVSO 2019 General Assembly on June 14, 2019 at York University.

Why is Webb an infrared telescope? Dr. Amber Straughn discusses how Webb will see the first galaxies that formed in the early universe. Download video: https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12676 Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center Lead Producers: Sophia Roberts/Michael McClare

This week we are joined by NASA's James Webb Space Telescope Program Scientist Dr. Eric Smith. We talk about the most ambitious space telescope project humans have ever undertaken, and why when we get the first images back it will likely just be 18 fuzzy blobs. If you would like to continue the conversation we have a few great ways to do that: - Comment right here on YouTube. We'll comment back or even feature it in the show - Create a new post on our community forum at https://community.tmro.tv - Head over to our real-time Discord channel here: https://discord.gg/9NkkFWD

NASA's James Webb Space Telescope has successfully passed another series of critical testing milestones on its march to the launch pad. In recent acoustic and sine vibration tests, technicians and engineers exposed Webb’s spacecraft element to brutal dynamic mechanical environmental conditions to ensure it will endure the rigors of a rocket launch to space. Read more: https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2019/nasa-s-webb-is-sound-after-completing-critical-milestones . Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center

With NASA's Kepler being retired, is this the end of exoplanet hunting? Thankfully, no it isn't! NASA has just launched TESS, and we will soon be getting the James Webb Space telescope and ESA's Plato. Find out all about them in this video! https://brilliant.org/astrum/ ************** A big thank you to Brilliant for supporting this video. Sign up for free using the link above. That link will also get the first 200 subscribers 20% off a premium subscription to the website if you like what you see. ************** SUBSCRIBE for more videos about our other planets. Subscribe! http://goo.gl/WX4iMN Facebook! http://goo.gl/uaOlWW Twitter! http://goo.gl/VCfejs Donate! Patreon: http://goo.gl/GGA5xT Ethereum Wallet: 0x5F8cf793962ae8Df4Cba017E7A6159a104744038 Become a Patron today and support my channel! Donate link above. I can't do it without you. Thanks to those who have supported so far, especially: Aber And also: Tariq Mulla Garthvater Milo Schuman Solar Anamnesis Alexander Simpson Richard Smiles Flint Corey Patrick Ketaner Paul Bertin Steven Rumpel Dermot Carthy Christina Schreiber Jesse Myles Doug Felt Will DeRousse Guy Taylor Thomas Burk Matthias Randon John Steve Mcjibbers Matthias Randon Derrick Ciaran Browne Anastasia Junette Ginger Stefan Spieler Antiroo Nico Neuweiler Phillip Desanto Julio Ojeda Mr Fluffington Mark Steven Mark Helland Michael L. Kent Mr Fluffington Jacquie Van Wagner Petri Holopainen Space Ventures Investors Marek Terry Rose Asbjørn Larsen Support to have your own name added to the list! Image Credits: NASA/ESA Music: Above the Clouds - Neutrin05, Equation 17 - Mark LaFountain Audio mastered by Eric Peel Music - https://www.youtube.com/user/reeldeelpeel

The Hubble Space Telescope has given us some of the most amazing views of the universe for 25 years and although it could go on for many years more, things are starting to go wrong but without the shuttle, we have no real way the fix it. But its successor the James Webb Space Telescope was due to have been in space years ago. However, now it isn't due to launch until 2021, so could we save Hubble and why is the JWST taking so long. Patreon https://www.patreon.com/curiousdroid Paypal.me : https://www.paypal.me/curiousdroid Sponsored by Kosmonaut, Muhammad Tauha Ali, Pascal Hausammann, Florian Hesse. Also Alan Johns Allan Versaevel Blair Leduc Cameron Dyer Chad Mellor Cody Belichesky Collin Copfer coolascats Dale Kirkwood Daniele Noacco Giacomo Catenazzi Harry Whelan Hunter Schwisow Johan Roman Johan Rombaut John Rumpf Jonathan Merage Jorn Magnus Karlsen Katy Kevin Hinnen László Antal Mitchel J. Mullin II Morten Grønvold Oscar Anderson Robert Goldwein Rodney Aries SHAMIR Tim Allen And a big thank you to all our other Patreon supporters. Presented by Paul Shillito Written and Researched by Paul Shillito Images and Footage NASA, Northrop Grumman ESA/Hubble Intro Music by Mike Mullen BMI www.positrosmic.com

The James Webb Space Telescope was at NASA Johnson during the summer of 2017. You can step virtually inside the cleanroom and explore Webb in its testing environment, as it was then. Enjoy scrolling 360 degrees and be sure to scroll behind you, where the telescope sits cup down. Credit: NASA Goddard Producer: Mike McClare Videographer: Mike McClare, Sophia Roberts, Michael Starobin Video editor: Mike Menzel

The James Webb Space Telescope was at NASA Johnson during the summer of 2017. You can step virtually inside the cleanroom and explore Webb in its testing environment, as it was then. Enjoy scrolling 360 degrees and be sure to look up! Credit: NASA Goddard Producer: Mike McClare Videographer: Mike McClare, Sophia Roberts, Michael Starobin Video editor: Mike Menzel

The James Webb Space Telescope was at NASA Johnson during the summer of 2017. You can step virtually inside the cleanroom and explore Webb in its testing environment, as it was then. Enjoy scrolling 360 degrees and be sure to scroll behind you where the telescope sits upright! Credit: NASA Goddard Producer: Mike McClare Videographer: Mike McClare, Sophia Roberts, Michael Starobin Video editor: Mike Menzel

The James Webb Space Telescope was at NASA Johnson during the summer of 2017. You can step virtually inside the cleanroom and explore Webb in its testing environment, as it was then. Enjoy scrolling 360 degrees! Credit: NASA Goddard Producer: Mike McClare Videographer: Mike McClare, Sophia Roberts, Michael Starobin Video editor: Mike Menzel

For more than two decades, the series of NASA Great Observatories may have revealed more about the secrets of the cosmos than had been accomplished in the preceding history of astronomical exploration. The next great history-making observatory, the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), will soon continue this exciting scientific adventure. Please join our next Hangout, when our regular moderators, Tony Darnell and Harley Thronson, will discuss with Paul Geithner and Jonathan Gardner, both at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, current plans and schedule for this next step in humanity’s understanding of its place in the cosmos. Learn more about the science of JWST here: Cosmic Dawn: The Science of JWST: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ApSxA_B_uss Seeing Beyond: The James Webb Space Telescope: https://youtu.be/ah6KrqABzmk Like this content? Please consider becoming a patron: https://patreon.com/DeepAstronomy Follow DeepAstronomy on Twitter: @DeepAstronomy Join our free Discord server for always-on chat action! https://discord.gg/nqGpvtK

Astronomers all over the world are eagerly awaiting the launch of the James Webb Space Telescope. The infrared space telescope, which will carry the largest astronomical mirror ever flown in space is one of the most complex observatories ever built. It will allow unprecedented science, including investigations into the atmospheres of exoplanets and the formation of galaxies, addressing fundamental questions in astronomy. The mission is an international collaboration between NASA, ESA and the Canadian Space Agency, and is planned for launch in 2021 on a European Ariane 5 rocket. Learn more about the JWST: http://bit.ly/ESAJWST ★ Subscribe: http://bit.ly/ESAsubscribe

How do planetary systems start? Webb will seek these answers.

Dr. Amber Straughn describes how the James Webb Space Telescope will reveal a part of the early universe not yet seen before. The video is available for download here: https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12676 Credits Lead Producers: Sophia Roberts (AIMM) Michael McClare (KBRwyle) Cinematographer: Rob Andreoli (AIMM) John Caldwell (AIMM) Animators: Josh Masters (USRA) Brian Monroe (USRA) Adriana Manrique Gutierrez (USRA) Interviewees: Amber Straughn (NASA/GSFC)

How do we learn about a planet's atmosphere with a telescope like the James Webb Space Telescope? This animation explains the science of breaking light into "color" - spectroscopy - to study the chemical make up of the atmospheres of distant exoplanets. Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, and L. Hustak (STScI)

The James Webb Space Telescope will be the largest telescope ever sent into space. It is the result of efforts from NASA, the European Space Agency and the Canadian Space Agency and will peer to the edges of the visible universe. This video highlights some of the Webb’s most impressive facts. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center/Sophia Roberts Music: Expanding Time and Space by Daniel jay Nielsen This video is public domain and along with other supporting visualizations can be downloaded from the Scientific Visualization Studio at: http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12803

Building the James Webb Space Telescope is challenging. It is NASA's most ambitious and complex space science observatory. The mission required 10 new technologies to be invented, the dedication of hundreds of scientists, engineers and technicians testing and retesting each component. It is by no means easy, but the telescope is so incredibly powerful that major findings are expected in nearly every branch of astronomy. It is worth the wait. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center Producer, Writer, Editor: Sophia Roberts Videography: Sophia Roberts, Michael McClare This video is public domain and along with other supporting visualizations can be downloaded from the Scientific Visualization Studio at: https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12987

In this episode, the verdict is in. After reading and responding to the independent review of the James Webb Space Telescope mission, NASA announced today a new launch date and an updated cost analysis. It looks like JWST will launch on March 30, 2021 and will cost an additional billion dollars, bringing the total cost of the mission to 9.5 billion dollars. Read the Independent Review Board Report and NASA's response here: https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/webb_irb_report_and_response_0.pdf Consider supporting Space Fan News: https://patreon.com/DeepAstronomy to ensure you get current space & astronomy news each week! Space Fan News Theme by Stephen Dubois available for download here: http://ancienteyesmusic.com Follow DeepAstronomy on Twitter: @DeepAstronomy

NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope has been delayed yet again. Gizmodo reports NASA has moved the target launch from May 2020 to March 2021. The telescope has been plagued by delays and budget increases since its inception in 1996. An independent review in April 2018 found five kinds of problems, including human errors, “embedded” problems not identified during testing, lack of experience, excessive optimism, and the system complexity. The latest delay will add $800 million to the telescope’s development cost. It is expected to launch in 2021. https://gizmodo.com/nasa-delays-james-webb-space-telescope-yet-again-commi-1827177557 http://www.wochit.com This video was produced by YT Wochit Tech using http://wochit.com

Thomas Zurbuchen, associate administrator of NASA’s Science Mission Directorate, and John Mather, senior project scientist, comment on an independent review board’s findings on the agency’s James Webb Space Telescope. Webb is now targeting March 2021 as a new launch date, after the board assessed delays in integration and testing. NASA and the board unanimously agree that Webb can still achieve mission success.

The James Webb Space Telescope will be the largest telescope ever sent into space. It is the result of efforts from NASA, the European Space Agency and the Canadian Space Agency and will peer to the edges of the visible universe. This video highlights some of the Webb’s most impressive facts. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center/Sophia Roberts Music: Expanding Time and Space by Daniel jay Nielsen This video is public domain and along with other supporting visualizations can be downloaded from the Scientific Visualization Studio at: http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12803 If you liked this video, subscribe to the NASA Goddard YouTube channel: http://www.youtube.com/NASAExplorer Or subscribe to NASA’s Goddard Shorts HD Podcast: http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/iTunes/f... Follow NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center · Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/NASA.GSFC · Twitter http://twitter.com/NASAGoddard · Flickr http://www.flickr.com/photos/gsfc/ · Instagram http://www.instagram.com/nasagoddard/

The Hubble Space Telescope has been in space for 28 years, producing some of the most beautiful and scientifically important images of the cosmos that humanity has ever taken. But let’s face it, Hubble is getting old, and it probably won’t be with us for too much longer. NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope is in the final stages of testing, and WFIRST is waiting in the wings. You’ll be glad to know there are even more space telescopes in the works, a set of four powerful instruments in design right now, which will be part of the next Decadal Survey, and helping to answer the most fundamental questions about the cosmos. Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 References: https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/system/downloadable_items/784_Planetary_Science_Decadal_2013-2022.pdf https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/resources/2130/coronagraph-explanation-2-minutes/ http://www.eso.org/public/news/eso1417/ https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/news/1407/new-planet-imager-delivers-first-science/ https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/news/1404/a-four-planet-system-in-orbit-directly-imaged-and-remarkable/ https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/resources/1015/flower-power-nasa-reveals-spring-starshade-animation/ https://wwwastro.msfc.nasa.gov/lynx/ http://sci.esa.int/cosmic-vision/55111-the-hot-and-energetic-universe/ https://asd.gsfc.nasa.gov/firs/ https://asd.gsfc.nasa.gov/luvoir/

Consider supporting Space Fan News: https://patreon.com/DeepAstronomy to ensure you get current space & astronomy news each week! In this episode, more bad news coming out of the James Webb Space Telescope Mission, specifically, Northrop Grumman’s facilities in Redondo Beach California. Apparently stuff is falling off the sun shield and engineers are trying to figure out the cause. Link to this story: http://spacenews.com/jwst-suffers-new-problem-during-spacecraft-testing/ Space Fan News Theme by Stephen Dubois available for download here: http://ancienteyesmusic.com Space Fan News Background Music by Colour the Landscapes: https://colourthelandscapes.bandcamp.com/ Follow DeepAstronomy on Twitter: @DeepAstronomy Like DeepAstronomy on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DeepAstronomy/ Like Space Fan News on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/SpaceFanNews/

The shiny, new James Webb Space Telescope is scheduled to launch soon, but what’s going to happen to Hubble? How Big Do You Think This Spacecraft Is? Guess Again... - https://youtu.be/CRe7G7WMj0Q Read More: How Will the Hubble Space Telescope Die? https://www.space.com/29206-how-will-hubble-space-telescope-die.html “While Hubble is healthy now, the telescope — a joint project of NASA and the European Space Agency — is not immortal. Serious problems could conceivably crop up in a number of different Hubble systems.” The James Webb Space Telescope Will Truly Do What Hubble Only Dreamed Of https://www.forbes.com/sites/startswithabang/2017/01/10/the-james-webb-space-telescope-will “The James Webb Space Telescope will teach us an incredible amount about the Universe, including further details about how stars form, what the earliest stellar populations look like, will show us gas giants and rogue planets in unprecedented detail and will tell us what made up the Universe at any given time in the past.” Webb vs Hubble Telescope https://jwst.nasa.gov/comparison_about.html “Webb often gets called the replacement for Hubble, but we prefer to call it a successor. After all, Webb is the scientific successor to Hubble; its science goals were motivated by results from Hubble.” ____________________ Seeker inspires us to see the world through the lens of science and evokes a sense of curiosity, optimism and adventure. Visit the Seeker website https://www.seeker.com/videos Subscribe now! http://www.youtube.com/subscription_center?add_user=dnewschannel Seeker on Twitter http://twitter.com/seeker Trace Dominguez on Twitter https://twitter.com/tracedominguez Seeker on Facebook https://www.facebook.com/SeekerMedia/ Seeker http://www.seeker.com/ Special thanks to Athena Brensberger for writing and hosting this episode of Seeker! Check Athena out on Twitter: https://twitter.com/astroathens

Want a TESS t-shirt and support Deep Astronomy? Go here: https://teespring.com/stores/deep-astronomy Consider supporting Space Fan News: https://patreon.com/DeepAstronomy to ensure you get current space & astronomy news each week! In this episode: NASA announced today that the James Webb Space Telescope, Hubble’s successor, is now officially the Just Wait Space Telescope: it will not launch before May 2020. Space Fan News Theme by Stephen Dubois available for download here: http://ancienteyesmusic.com Space Fan News Background Music by Colour the Landscapes: https://colourthelandscapes.bandcamp.com/ Follow DeepAstronomy on Twitter: @DeepAstronomy Like DeepAstronomy on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DeepAstronomy/ Like Space Fan News on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/SpaceFanNews/

In this week's questions show, I wonder if the James Webb Space Telescope will be able to find satellites around other stars, what my favorite sci-fi FTL method is, and why can't we see Mars as a bright object in the sky? Check out Abby's channel here: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCabX4I5PLAu0I05gN0ZgrKw Sign up for my weekly email newsletter at: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 Disinclined Tostate Hi, Fraser! Love the channel. 🙂 Will the James Webb Telescope be able to see evidence of artificial satellites around exo-planets, should any exist? Would there be a certain size or composition requirement for JWT to spot them? And how awesome would that be?! 🙂 Matt Gibson Fraser, if you could pick any FTL travel method from any show or movie and have it be a reality and give it to humanity, which would you pick? Some examples include Elite Dangerous, Star Wars, Star Trek, Battlestar Galactica, Star Gate... ect... Cherotal Hey Fraser, I have a question about the birth of solar systems. If there is less mass in the gas cloud which collapse to a star system it will form a red or brown dwarf. Is it possible that a gas cloud with very little mass collapse and form a star system where the central body didn't light up? Will these "no-star" systems send out any radiation or light we can measure? Thanks in advance and thanks for all the great video content. Ed Chartrand I’m fascinated by the images depicted in films such as Star Wars where characters look up into space on far off planets where there are multiple moons practically filling the sky or one moon that is massively larger than what our moon appears in reality here on earth. Are these types of visuals actually possible on planets from a physics perspective? Can a moon be so close to a planet that it takes up that much of the sky and yet still have a stable orbit? Michael K I thought the ISS has some micro-meteorite protection and doesn’t just trust in pure luck? Jim Becker Fraser, I was just looking at a photo released by NASA from the Curiosity Rover which "includes Earth as the brightest point of light in the night sky". So why can we seem to be able to see Earth from Mars but can't see Mars from Earth with the same ease ?? DrewLSsix Could a hobby level astronomer benefit from combining two decent smaller telescopes to make an effectively larger binocular telescope? Like two one hundred ish mm combined into an effective two hundred ish unit? I ask because you can buy a pair of the smaller units for a couple hundred.... while a 200+mm scope is many many times more expensive! Flynn Bryant Hey Fraser, my question is, what is the criteria for questions that you answer in the comments compared to those which you select for your videos? Thanks for the tremendous effort you put in! Izuriel Palanayukei Hi Fraser! I've heard you mention books in passing before. Do you have a list of sci-fi books you recommend? Like Seveneves by Neal Stephenson or EON by Greg Bear? Big ole' sci-fi novels with or without aliens! Thanks! - Izu Scot Washburn Why couldn’t we use lasers to push the orbiting debris out of earth orbit? Seth McKay Hey Fraser! Your production schedule looks to be quite full with universe today, guide to space, Q&A, astronomy cast, etc (not to mention spending time with family). How do you organize and stay on schedule? Seems like you have would have to be really organized to stay on schedule as well as not end up working all day. I also have several different hats and need to organize better. Guest Question: Stefán Atli Þorvaldsson how can i become an astronaut if i am not from a big country like the USA, Russia or the EU

Engineers at NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston spun NASA's James Webb Space Telescope around like a record on Jan. 10, 2018, before orienting it in a horizontal position in preparation for its upcoming move to Northrop Grumman in California.

Webb in Three Acts: The Telescope, The Science, The Legacy Klaus Pontoppidan, Bonnie Meinke, and Alexandra Lockwood, Space Telescope Science Institute NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope is expected to launch in spring 2019 and will be the premier infrared space observatory of the next decade. It promises to observe everything from planets in our solar system to galaxies over 13 billion light years away. With the Science and Operations Center of this Great Observatory right here at the Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore will continue and grow as a hub for exciting scientific discovery and innovation. Come find out about what we’re doing, how we’re doing it, and who is doing it in this overview of the Webb Mission. Host: Dr. Frank Summers Recorded live on January 16, 2018 at the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, MD USA For more information: http://hubblesite.org/about_us/public_talks/

This 360 video was taken before NASA's James Webb Space Telescope left NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, in May 2017. Look around to see engineers at work inside the cleanroom, and for several plaques with information about the cleanroom and about Webb telescope!

Consider supporting Space Fan News: https://patreon.com/DeepAstronomy to ensure you get current space & astronomy news each week! As many of you know who’ve been following SFN for a while know that this video series was started in January 2011 during the winter meeting of the American Astronomical Society. Well this week finished the one for 2018 and here is a roundup of stories I found most interesting. The people with the American Astronomical Society call their winter meeting the Superbowl of Astronomy and while that may be a bit hyperbolic, it is an exciting time for astronomers. They get to announce some of their most exciting work during this meeting and while I have been to several, lately I’ve had to watch them from afar. But I do hope to start live streaming from them again one day. So in the spirit of SFN, I’m going to give you a brief roundup of some of the latest research that came out this week from the world of professional astronomers from around the world. There was so much released this week that there is no way I can cover all of it in a 10 minute or so video, so I’m keeping it to those things I found most interesting. Links to the stories: http://news.fnal.gov/2018/01/dark-energy-survey-publicly-releases-first-three-years-of-data/ https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2018/webb-telescope-s-houston-highlights https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?release=2018-004 http://hubblesite.org/news_release/news/2018-04 http://www.caltech.edu/news/citizen-scientists-discover-five-planet-system-80989 Exoplanet Explorers: https://www.zooniverse.org/projects/ianc2/exoplanet-explorers Space Fan News Theme by Stephen Dubois available for download here: http://ancienteyesmusic.com Space Fan News Background Music by Colour the Landscapes: https://colourthelandscapes.bandcamp.com/ Follow DeepAstronomy on Twitter: @DeepAstronomy Like DeepAstronomy on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DeepAstronomy/ Like Space Fan News on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/SpaceFanNews/

Members of the media were invited to NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston on Jan. 10, to hear about the results of recent cryogenic vacuum tests on the James Webb Space Telescope, and the next steps on the observatory’s path to space. Webb was tested as a complete optical system in Chamber A at Johnson, which mimics the space environment the telescope will experience during its mission. Built in 1965 to conduct thermal-vacuum testing on the Apollo command and service modules, Chamber A is the largest structure of its kind in the world and is a listed National Historic Landmark. The James Webb Space Telescope is the world’s premier infrared space observatory of the next decade. Webb will help to solve mysteries of our solar system, look to distant worlds orbiting other stars, and probe the mysterious structures and origins of our universe and our place in it. Webb is an international program led by NASA with its partners, the ESA (European Space Agency) and the Canadian Space Agency. This video is available for download from NASA's Image and Video Library: https://images.nasa.gov/details-NHQ_2018_0110_%20NASA%20Discusses%20Recent%20Testing%20of%20the%20James%20Webb%20Space%20Telescope.html

P. Ferruit - ESA In anticipation of the first JWST Call for proposals in late November 2017, the European Space Agency is organizing a series of workshops to engage and inform the astronomical community. The first workshop held at ESA's European Space Astonomy Centre (ESAC) in Madid, Spain, 4-6 October 2017, showcased the capabilities of the JWST science instruments, their observing modes and expected in-orbit performance. The main goal of this second workshop was to provide ample hands-on experience with the various tools supporting preparation and submission of proposals. Among them the Target Visibility Tool, the Exposure Time Calculator and the Astronomy Proposal tool (APT).

D. Karakla - STScI In anticipation of the first JWST Call for proposals in late November 2017, the European Space Agency is organizing a series of workshops to engage and inform the astronomical community. The first workshop held at ESA's European Space Astonomy Centre (ESAC) in Madid, Spain, 4-6 October 2017, showcased the capabilities of the JWST science instruments, their observing modes and expected in-orbit performance. The main goal of this second workshop was to provide ample hands-on experience with the various tools supporting preparation and submission of proposals. Among them the Target Visibility Tool, the Exposure Time Calculator and the Astronomy Proposal tool (APT).