SPACE COLONIZATION

Four billion years ago, Venus, Earth and Mars each held the promise of supporting life, with oceans, supportive climates, and the chemical ingredients of biology. Over the eons since, Mars lost its atmosphere, turning ever colder, while Venus entered a death-spiral of ever-increasing heat. But, 50 km above its desolate surface, the cool cloud tops of Venus offer a potential refuge. This zone is protected from cosmic and solar radiation overhead and the blistering surface temperatures below.  Solar powered ships and habitats could effortlessly float there, sailing the brisk winds that circle the globe. That has inspired visionary engineers and scientists to take the first steps toward settling the 2nd planet from the Sun.

Watch MetaBallStudios comparison of exoplanets: https://youtu.be/ZmyI_NberMU In this video I talk about habitable exomoons. If you like it, please subscribe, leave a comment, and share it in Reddit and Facebook. Sources: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1805.03370.pdf https://arxiv.org/pdf/1108.3447.pdf https://arxiv.org/abs/1209.5323 https://arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/0205035.pdf https://skyandtelescope.org/astronomy-news/habitable-moons/ Music: Nexus Wait For Me - Nexus3music

#TheMoon is our closest neighbor, cold, dead and silent. Could we actually survive there? I asked a couple of experts! 🌌LEAVING EARTH SERIES 🌌 Part 1: 🌍 We have to leave Earth https://youtu.be/jndESKr4SpI Part 2: 🚀 Rockets are boring. https://youtu.be/76WVRktfPos Part 3: 👽 Mars is Deadly. https://youtu.be/IAo9UVwAMas Part 4: 🌔 Lunar living? https://youtu.be/IAo9UVwAMas Part 5: 🛰 To the stars. https://youtu.be/bvVPpGQ9K78 ✨Find me on Patreon! ✨ http://patreon.com/tracedominguez Every new patron causes a litany of excited squeals. Thank you for all your support 💕 Landing on the moon was an achievement celebrated all over the world. The Apollo astronauts were the first to realize the power of a visit to our largest satellite, but could we all one day have a chance to visit the moon? The SpaceX Launch changed how we looked at space. JPL is sending robots to Mars. Eventually we are going to go back to the Moon, but whereas last time we visited for a day a time, now we're talking about forming a permanent #lunarbase! Could we ACTUALLY live there? Could we REALLY survive? I called Ariel Waldman and Pascal Lee to get their take. SERIES DESCRIPTION: Can we #LiveOnMars? Can we build a #LunarColony? Should we leave this solar system entirely? What would we need to visit another star? Can humans survive out there in the emptiness of space? I answer all these questions and more in my new science and technology series all about #leavingearth! New episodes every other day all week! FIND  @Ariel Waldman  :: https://youtube.com/arielwaldman https://patreon.com/arielwaldman https://lifeundertheice.org http://amzn.to/1MFUEVC FIND DR. PASCAL LEE :: https://twitter.com/pascalleetweets https://facebook.com/pascalleeofficial http://www.pascallee.net https://seti.org/our-scientists/pascal-lee Mission:Mars by Pascal Lee: https://bit.ly/3fgBTbf Hey, thanks for watching! 😊 If you want to help grow this channel, just share this video with a friend or three! Shares make a HUGE difference and don't cost you anything at all. Join my patreon community (☞ﾟヮﾟ)☞ http://patreon.com/tracedominguez 👾👾👾 FIND ME ON SOCIAL 🐤:: http://twitter.com/tracedominguez 📷:: http://instagram.com/tracedominguez 👴🏻:: http://facebook.com/official.tracedominguez 🎮:: http://twitch.tv/mrtraced 📚📚📚 SOURCES National Research Council's report :: The Scientific Context for Exploration of the Moon Looking beyond the several lunar robotic missions to be flown by 2008 (by the international community), science goals need to be articulated for early decisions about system design and operations planning for later robotic and human activities on the Moon. For a longer-range human presence on the Moon, the scope of science is potentially broader, including extensive field studies and sampling, plus the emplacement or assembly and the maintenance and operation of major equipment on the lunar surface http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/files/FactSheets/ExplorationofMoon.pdf Download that PDF http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/files/FactSheets/ExplorationofMoon.pdf How easy will it be to build a Moon base?? https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20190201-how-easy-will-it-be-to-build-a-moon-base Researchers are 3D-Printing Fake Moon Dust Into Useful Hardware https://www.discovermagazine.com/the-sciences/researchers-are-3d-printing-fake-moon-dust-into-useful-hardware  To support a potential, future lunar base, researchers at the European Space Agency (ESA) have 3D-printed and baked fake moon dust into screws, gears, and even a coin. Printing bricks from moondust using the Sun’s heat http://www.esa.int/Enabling_Support/Space_Engineering_Technology/Printing_bricks_from_moondust_using_the_Sun_s_heat  Bricks have been 3D printed out of simulated moondust using concentrated sunlight – proving in principle that future lunar colonists could one day use the same approach to build settlements on the Moon. How to build a moon base https://theconversation.com/how-to-build-a-moon-base-120259  Half a century after humans first walked on the moon, a number of private companies and nations are planning to build permanent bases on the lunar surface. Despite the technological progress since the Apollo era, this will be extremely challenging. So how should you get started? Apollo 11 https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/apollo/apollo11.html Apollo 8 https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/apollo/apollo-8.html The Mars Institute https://www.marsinstitute.no The Mars Institute is an international, non-governmental, non-profit research organization dedicated to advancing the scientific study, exploration, and public understanding of Mars. Headquartered at NASA Ames Research Center (USA), with offices in Toronto (Canada) and Stavanger (Norway). Music by Epidemic Sound: http://epidemicsound.com/creator Love you, #nerdfam! Stay #curious!

Lots of people want to #OccupyMars, but is that realistic or is a life on Mars still science fiction? This episode was supported by Brilliant! Hit up http://brilliant.org/trace for 20% off an annual subscription! Did I mention it’s SO GREAT? → → → Sources & More down here 👇👇👇 🌌LEAVING EARTH SERIES 🌌 Part 1: 🌍 We have to leave Earth https://youtu.be/jndESKr4SpI Part 2: 🚀 Rockets are boring. https://youtu.be/76WVRktfPos Part 3: 👽 Mars is Deadly. https://youtu.be/IAo9UVwAMas Part 4: 🌔 Lunar living? https://youtu.be/IAo9UVwAMas Part 5: 🛰 To the stars. https://youtu.be/bvVPpGQ9K78 ✨Find me on Patreon! ✨ http://patreon.com/tracedominguez Every new patron causes a litany of excited squeals. Thank you for all your support 💕 The day we step foot on Mars will be one of the most gloriously exciting days in all of human history. Not only will it be the first human foot on another planet, it will be our first step into a new and complicated future. Should Mars be urbanized? Should we farm? Or should we turn the entire planet into a #science park, like Antarctica? I called Ariel Waldman and Pascal Lee to find out their take, and it’s not looking good for the Escape to Mars-nerds out there. Can we #LiveOnMars? Can we build a #LunarColony? Should we leave this solar system entirely? What would we need to visit another star? Can humans survive out there in the emptiness of space? I answer all these questions and more in my new science and technology series all about #leavingearth! New episodes every other day all week! FIND @Ariel Waldman :: https://youtube.com/arielwaldman https://patreon.com/arielwaldman https://lifeundertheice.org http://amzn.to/1MFUEVC FIND DR. PASCAL LEE :: https://twitter.com/pascalleetweets https://facebook.com/pascalleeofficial http://www.pascallee.net https://seti.org/our-scientists/pascal-lee Mission:Mars by Pascal Lee: https://bit.ly/3fgBTbf Hey, thanks for watching! 😊 If you want to help grow this channel, just share this video with a friend or three! Shares make a HUGE difference and don't cost you anything at all. Join my patreon community (☞ﾟヮﾟ)☞ http://patreon.com/tracedominguez 👾👾👾 FIND ME ON SOCIAL 🐤:: http://twitter.com/tracedominguez 📷:: http://instagram.com/tracedominguez 👴🏻:: http://facebook.com/official.tracedominguez 🎮:: http://twitch.tv/mrtraced 📚📚📚 SOURCES The Mars Institute https://www.marsinstitute.no The Mars Institute is an international, non-governmental, non-profit research organization dedicated to advancing the scientific study, exploration, and public understanding of Mars. Headquartered at NASA Ames Research Center (USA), with offices in Toronto (Canada) and Stavanger (Norway). Cosmic Rays (they bad!) https://www.britannica.com/science/cosmic-ray Cosmic ray, a high-speed particle—either an atomic nucleus or an electron—that travels through space. Most of these particles come from sources within the Milky Way Galaxy and are known as galactic cosmic rays (GCRs). How Bad is the Radiation on Mars? https://www.universetoday.com/14979/mars-radiation1/ Human exploration of Mars has been ramping up in the past few decades. In addition to the eight active missions on or around the Red Planet, seven more robotic landers, rovers and orbiters are scheduled to be deployed there by the end of the decade. And by the 2030s and after, several space agencies are planning to mount crewed missions to the surface as well. Extremely powerful cosmic rays are raining down on us. No one knows where they come from. https://www.vox.com/the-highlight/2019/7/16/17690740/cosmic-rays-universe-theory-science You may think the greatest, most perplexing mysteries of the universe exist way out there, at the edge of a black hole, or inside an exploding star. Nope. Music by Epidemic Sound: http://epidemicsound.com/creator Love you, #nerdfam! Stay #curious!

Earth is the cradle of humanity and we can’t spend our whole existence in our cradle. This episode was supported by CuriosityStream! Get a free month & Nebula using my code ‘trace’ at http://curiositystream.com/trace → → → Sources & More down here 👇👇👇 🌌LEAVING EARTH SERIES 🌌 Part 1: 🌍 We have to leave Earth https://youtu.be/jndESKr4SpI Part 2: 🚀 Rockets are boring. https://youtu.be/76WVRktfPos Part 3: 👽 Mars is Deadly. https://youtu.be/IAo9UVwAMas Part 4: 🌔 Lunar living? https://youtu.be/IAo9UVwAMas Part 5: 🛰 To the stars. https://youtu.be/bvVPpGQ9K78 ✨Find me on Patreon! ✨ http://patreon.com/tracedominguez Every new patron causes a litany of excited squeals. Thank you for all your support 💕 Earth is perfect for humanity, we evolved to live here, and here alone. The problem is, we KNOW this fragile planet is doomed. It will die. Maybe because of an #asteroid, maybe a mass #extinction, maybe #climatechange, or perhaps the sun will explode! Regardless, we have to leave. We have to jump on #spaceexploration! We need to build another #spacestation Where should we go? Where CAN we go? Can we actually #LiveOnMars? Can we even build a #lunarcolony? Should we leave this solar system entirely? What would we need to visit another star? Can humans survive out there in the emptiness of space? I answer all these questions and more in my new series on leaving earth! New episodes every other day all week! Hey, thanks for watching! 😊 If you want to help grow this channel, just share this video with a friend or three! Shares make a HUGE difference and don't cost you anything at all. 🖤 BLM Resources & Information 🖤 The Counted https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/ng-interactive/2015/jun/01/the-counted-police-killings-us-database# The Washington Post’s: Fatal Force project https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/investigations/police-shootings-database/ Black Lies Matter National Resource List https://docs.google.com/document/u/1/d/1lNGq4lh_TDFX84INl-YPOdj1rOonTbFMr3Zz906QFTA/mobilebasic Nicole Long & my friend Sarafina Nance put together this list of anti-racism resources https://docs.google.com/document/d/1tL9_huJWJ_iekHzK5PShI00u-C25w0jrExhpJpuNHII/edit More resources to help support the fight & accepting donations: https://blacklivesmatters.carrd.co/ https://secure.actblue.com/donate/bailfundscovid https://www.joincampaignzero.org https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/29/books/review/antiracist-reading-list-ibram-x-kendi.html Join my patreon community (☞ﾟヮﾟ)☞ http://patreon.com/tracedominguez 👾👾👾 FIND ME ON SOCIAL 🐤:: http://twitter.com/tracedominguez 📷:: http://instagram.com/tracedominguez 👴🏻:: http://facebook.com/official.tracedom... 🎮:: http://twitch.tv/mrtraced 📚📚📚 SOURCES How we can mine the moon! https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/infographics/infographic.view.php?id=11272 How long can we live on Earth (really)? http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20150323-how-long-will-life-on-earth-last Volcanoes and plant colonization https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidbressan/2016/11/13/volcanoes-as-field-laboratory-for-plant-colonization/#47f64ab42324 The Moon rocks! https://www.space.com/13247-moon-map-lunar-titanium.html https://astronomy.com/news/2019/06/what-the-moon-rocks-told-us More information on Krakatoa’s eruption https://www.livescience.com/28186-krakatoa.html Music by Epidemic Sound: http://epidemicsound.com/creator Love you, #nerdfam! Stay #curious!

Today, we discuss the possibility of colonising Mars in the near future. Mars has captured the public’s imagination since the sixties; it has been ubiquitous across science fiction and film for generations. Today we tackle how exactly one would go about accomplishing this feat. ►Click here to subscribe: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCB0fFWQLZ2oj-FaoDUG_wow?sub_confirmation=1 ►Written, Produced & Narrated by David ►Share this video: https://youtu.be/LVFNtdzLeR4 Music: "Endless Story about Sun and Moon” by Kai Engel “So Many Stars” by Miguel Johnson “Sirius” by Sergey Cheremisinov “Cylinder Five” by Chris Zabriskie

Researchers are already trying to figure out if people can make space babies. If we need to live in space long-term, will our species be able to reproduce? Hosted by: Reid Reimers SciShow has a spinoff podcast! It's called SciShow Tangents. Check it out at http://www.scishowtangents.org ---------- Support SciShow by becoming a patron on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/scishow ---------- Huge thanks go to the following Patreon supporters for helping us keep SciShow free for everyone forever: Kevin Bealer, Jacob, Katie Marie Magnone, D.A.Noe, Charles Southerland, Eric Jensen, Christopher R Boucher, Alex Hackman, Matt Curls, Adam Brainard, Scott Satovsky Jr, Sam Buck, Ron Kakar, Chris Peters, Kevin Carpentier, Patrick D. Ashmore, Piya Shedden, Sam Lutfi, charles george, Greg ---------- Like SciShow? Want to help support us, and also get things to put on your walls, cover your torso and hold your liquids? Check out our awesome products over at DFTBA Records: http://dftba.com/scishow ---------- Looking for SciShow elsewhere on the internet? Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/scishow Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/scishow Tumblr: http://scishow.tumblr.com Instagram: http://instagram.com/thescishow ---------- Sources: https://www.popsci.com/stephen-hawking-human-extinction-colonize-mars/ https://mars.nasa.gov/all-about-mars/facts/ https://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/5-8/features/nasa-knows/what-is-microgravity-58.html https://science.howstuffworks.com/can-you-have-baby-on-mars.htm http://journalofcosmology.com/Mars144.html https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/houston-we-might-have-some-major-problems-making-babies-space-180954828/ https://www.nature.com/articles/npjmgrav20168 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6890601 https://upcommons.upc.edu/bitstream/handle/2117/171077/IAC-19,A2,3,5,x49523.pdf https://www.nasa.gov/ames/micro-11 https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0006753 https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Blastocyst_Development https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/04/scientists-grow-mouse-embryos-space http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2016-04/17/content_24611016.htm https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6157341/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26414276/ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306987704004888 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnint.2014.00011/full https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2610337/ https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2019/how-nasa-protects-astronauts-from-space-radiation-at-moon-mars-solar-cosmic-rays https://www.thoughtco.com/can-women-get-pregnant-in-space-3072590 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4921147/ Image Sources: https://www.istockphoto.com/vector/astronaut-with-a-child-in-space-space-tourist-vector-background-eps-10-gm1167785855-322183282 https://images.nasa.gov/details-US_EVA_48_05_619268_hires https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/resources/683/valles-marineris-the-grand-canyon-of-mars/?category=planets_mars https://www.nasa.gov/content/getting-weightless-in-the-zero-g https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bion_spacecraft_original.jpg https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/sperm-microscopic-view-gm583794952-99891667 https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0006753#pone-0006753-g002 https://www.istockphoto.com/vector/human-blastocyst-with-inner-cell-mass-gm492421566-76292031 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_biochemistry_of_semen_(1954)_(19748358104).jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Humanstemcell.JPG https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:DNA_methylation_reprogramming.png https://www.videoblocks.com/video/ultrasound-of-a-little-babies-heart-beat-in-a-mothers-womb-r9dqfsq8liy0hz31u https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/film-x-ray-skull-and-body-of-child-and-blank-area-at-right-side-gm838830634-136554717

Dr. Ryan MacDonald welcomes Morgan Irons, Founder and Chief Science Officer of Deep Space Ecology Inc., to the Mars Bunker. Growing food in space and on the red planet will be discussed, while answering your questions LIVE on air. -----Further information and links----- *Ferl, R. and Paul, A. (2016). The effect of spaceflight on the gravity-sensing auxin gradient of roots: GFP reporter gene microscopy on orbit. npj Microgravity 2:15023. https://doi.org/10.1038/npjmgrav.2015.23 *Musgrave, M.E., Kuang, A., Tuominen, L.K., Levine, L.H., and Morrow, R.C. (2005). Seed storage reserves and glucosinolates in Brassica rapa L. grown on the International Space Station. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 130(6):848-56. https://doi.org/10.21273/JASHS.130.6.848 *Tepfer, D., Zalar, A., and Leach, S. (2012). Survival of plant seeds, their UV screens, and nptII DNA for 18 months outside the International Space Station. Astrobiology 12(5): 517-528. https://doi.org/10.1089/ast.2011.0744 *Weeks, K.R., Veenstra, S.C., Hill, D.L., and Gregson, B.P. (2003). A study of treatment options to remediate explosives and perchlorate in soils and groundwater at Camp Edwards, Massachusetts. Remediation Journal 13(2). https://doi.org/10.1002/rem.10068 Morgan Iron's patent: Irons, M. (2018). U.S. Patent No. 9,970,208. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. *CES & Astrobiology Timelines (Compiled and created by Morgan Irons): https://drive.google.com/file/d/1iwFn_rADINkfxW-yo43X3HotfYLAm4Q7/view?usp=sharing *Millennium Ecosystem Assessment: Ecosystems and Their Services https://www.millenniumassessment.org/documents/document.300.aspx.pdf *The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World (2019): http://www.fao.org/3/ca5162en/ca5162en.pdf *The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations’ 10 Elements of Agroecology: http://www.fao.org/3/i9037en/I9037EN.pdf *CSA Astronaut Chris Hadfield wringing out water on the ISS: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o8TssbmY-GM

Start listening with a 30-day Audible trial and your first audiobook plus two Audible Originals are free. Visit http://www.audible.com/isaac or text "isaac" to 500-500. Science fiction loves to take us to desolate alien worlds with low-gravity, and envision creatures evolved to those or humans adapted to those conditions or zero-gravity in space, and many planets we might one day colonize like Mars do have low gravity... but our assumptions about life on such places correct or what if we're making incorrect assumptions? Don't forget to check out What If's channel: https://bit.ly/youtube-What-If Visit our Website: http://www.isaacarthur.net Support us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/IsaacArthur SFIA Merchandise available: https://www.signil.com/sfia/ Social Media: Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/1583992725237264/ Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/IsaacArthur/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/Isaac_A_Arthur on Twitter and RT our future content. SFIA Discord Server: https://discord.gg/53GAShE Listen or Download the audio of this episode from Soundcloud: Episode's Audio-only version: https://soundcloud.com/isaac-arthur-148927746/life-on-a-low-gravity-planet Episode's Narration-only version: https://soundcloud.com/isaac-arthur-148927746/life-on-a-low-gravity-planet-narration-only Credits: Life on a Low-Gravity Planet Episode 231; Mar 26, 2020 Written & Produced by Isaac Arthur Editors: Cassandra Graham Darius Said Jerry Guern Keith Blockus Saida Mir Narrators: Isaac Arthur Peter of What If Get a free month of Curiosity Stream: http://curiositystream.com/isaacarthur The Zoo Hypothesis is a Fermi Paradox solution that assumes extraterrestrial civilizations can't be detected by our SETI efforts because they keep our whole world in an Alien Zoo. Visit our Website: http://www.isaacarthur.net Support us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/IsaacArthur SFIA Merchandise available: https://www.signil.com/sfia/ Social Media: Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/1583992725237264/ Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/IsaacArthur/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/Isaac_A_Arthur on Twitter and RT our future content. SFIA Discord Server: https://discord.gg/53GAShE Listen or Download the audio of this episode from Soundcloud: Episode's Audio-only version: https://soundcloud.com/isaac-arthur-148927746/fermi-paradox-zoo-hypothesis Episode's Narration-only version: https://soundcloud.com/isaac-arthur-148927746/fermi-paradox-zoo-hypothesis-narration-only Credits: The Fermi Paradox: Zoo Hypothesis Episode 228; Mar 5, 2020 Writers: Isaac Arthur Editors: Darius Said Jerry Guern Produced & Narrated by: Isaac Arthur Cover Art: Jakub Grygier https://www.artstation.com/jakub_grygier Graphics: Jeremy Jozwik https://www.artstation.com/zeuxis_of_losdiajana Kris Holland (Mafic Studios) www.maficstudios.com Kristijan Tavcar https://www.miragedereve.com Sergio Botero https://www.artstation.com/sboterod?fref=gc Music: Lombus, "Cosmic Soup" https://lombus.bandcamp.com Aerium, "Waters of Atlantis" & "Fifth Star of Aldebaran" https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCRnUJY3l5vIJFGsY3XvW4dQ Markus Junnikkala, "A Memory of Earth" https://www.markusjunnikkala.com/

Humans have big plans for the rest of the solar system! In the near future we could see humans living on the moon, manned missions to Mars and even colonisation of the Asteroid Belt... But could humans ever conquer the solar system? In this video, Unveiled reveals how long it could be before the human race becomes an intergalactic species in space... What do you think? Will humans ever conquer the solar system? This is Unveiled, giving you incredible answers to extraordinary questions! Find more amazing videos for your curiosity here: What If the Solar System Had 3 Suns? - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QgtnqImUU-w Scientists Discover Ultramassive Galaxy "Gone Dark" - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rsPxFml0peo Are you constantly curious? Then subscribe for more from Unveiled ► https://wmojo.com/unveiled-subscribe #SolarSystem #Space #SpaceTravel #Mars #Venus #AsteroidBelt #NASA #DeepSpace

You can buy Universe Sandbox 2 here: http://amzn.to/2yJqwU6 Or get a shirt: https://teespring.com/stores/whatdamath Hello and welcome! My name is Anton and in this video, we will talk about several new studies that investigate our options in creating a radiation shield for space travel out of materials produced by Chernobyl fungi and pure metal rust. Link1: https://hub.jhu.edu/2019/11/01/melanin-space-study/ Link2: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0969806X19308539 Link3: https://pharmacyschool.usc.edu/rocket-carries-chernobyl-fungi-to-the-international-space-station/ Support this channel on Patreon to help me make this a full time job: https://www.patreon.com/whatdamath Space Engine is available for free here: http://spaceengine.org Enjoy and please subscribe. Twitter: https://twitter.com/WhatDaMath Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/whatdamath Twitch: http://www.twitch.tv/whatdamath Bitcoins to spare? Donate them here to help this channel grow! 1GFiTKxWyEjAjZv4vsNtWTUmL53HgXBuvu The hardware used to record these videos: CPU: https://amzn.to/2LZFQCJ Video Card: https://amzn.to/2M1W26C Motherboard: https://amzn.to/2JYGiQQ RAM: https://amzn.to/2Mwy2t4 PSU: https://amzn.to/2LZcrIH Case: https://amzn.to/2MwJZz4 Microphone: https://amzn.to/2t5jTv0 Mixer: https://amzn.to/2JOL0oF Recording and Editing: https://amzn.to/2LX6uvU Thank you to all Patreon supporters of this channel Specifically, great thanks to the following members: Morrison Waud Vlad Manshin Mark Teranishi TheHuntress Ralph Spataro Albert B. Cannon Lilith Dawn Greg Lambros adam lee Gabriel Seiffert Henry Spadoni J Carter Jer Silver surfer Konrad Kummli Nick Dolgy UnexpectedBooks.com Mario Rahmani George Williams Shinne Jakub Glos Johann Goergen Jake Salo LS Greger Lyndon Riley Lauren Smith Michael Tiganila Russell Sears Vinod sethi Dave Blair Robert Wyssbrod Randal Masutani Michael Mitsuda Assaf Dar Sagol Liam Moss Timothy Welter MD Barnard Rabenold Gordon Cooper Tracy Burgess Douglas Burns Jayjay Volz Anataine Deva Kai Raphahn Sander Stols Bodo Graßmann Daniel Charles Smith Daniel G. Eugene Sandulenko gary steelman Max McNally Michael Koebel Sergio Ruelas Steven Aiello Victor Julian Castillo xyndicate Honey Suzanne Lyons Olegas Budnik Dale Andrew Darling Niji Peter Hamrak Matthew Lazear Alexander Afanasyev Anton Newman Anton Reed

"To Be, Or Not To Be? Mankind's Exodus to the Stars" From the 22nd Annual International Mars Society Convention, held at the University of Southern California from October 17-20, 2019. The four-day International Mars Society Convention brings together leading scientists, engineers, aerospace industry representatives, government policymakers and journalists to talk about the latest scientific discoveries, technological advances and political-economic developments that could help pave the way for a human mission to the planet Mars. Conference Papers and some presentations will be available on www.MarsPapers.org For more information on the Mars Society, visit our website at www.MarsSociety.org

Visit our sponsor, Brilliant: https://brilliant.org/IsaacArthur/ O'Neill Cylinders space stations are examples of large rotating habitats able to be constructed in space in which people and even a complex ecology might be transplanted. But what would it be like living in one and how would civilizations based inside them in the future tend to operate? Visit our Website: http://www.isaacarthur.net Support us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/IsaacArthur SFIA Merchandise available: https://www.signil.com/sfia/ Social Media: Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/1583992725237264/ Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/IsaacArthur/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/Isaac_A_Arthur on Twitter and RT our future content. SFIA Discord Server: https://discord.gg/53GAShE Listen or Download the audio of this episode from Soundcloud: Episode's Audio-only version: https://soundcloud.com/isaac-arthur-148927746/life-on-board-an-oneill-cylinder Episode's Narration-only version: https://soundcloud.com/isaac-arthur-148927746/life-on-board-an-oneill-cylinder-narration-only Credits: Life on board an O'Neill Cylinder Episode 223; Jan 30, 2020 Writers: Isaac Arthur Editors: Darius Said Phonetic Failure Dillon Olander S. Kopperud Produced & Narrated by: Isaac Arthur Cover Art: Jakub Grygier https://www.artstation.com/jakub_grygier Graphics Bryan Versteeg http://spacehabs.com Fishy Tree https://www.deviantart.com/fishytree/ Jarred Eagley Jeremy Jozwik https://www.artstation.com/zeuxis_of_losdiajana Katie Byrne Ken York https://www.facebook.com/YDVisual/ Sam McNamara Udo Schroeter Music Courtesy of Epidemic Sound http://epidemicsound.com/creator

Interstellar travel has been humanity's dream for decades! Our greatest scientists and engineers have been trying to work out exactly HOW we can branch out from Earth, to live in amongst the stars in the wider universe! The problem is that space is so inconceivably HUGE! In this video, Unveiled explores the science behind interstellar travel... to find out whether we'll EVER be able to jet off to distant planets and alien worlds! This is Unveiled, giving you incredible answers to extraordinary questions! Find more amazing videos for your curiosity here: What Will Happen When the Sun Dies? - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KZcSVMArf20 What Are Black Holes Made Of? - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ekalyaatyb0 Are you constantly curious? Then subscribe for more from Unveiled ► https://goo.gl/GmtyPv #Space #Universe #SpeedOfLight #Science #Physics #Interstellar #SpaceTravel

A look behind the scenes of the new Design Museum exhibition.

Humanity has always been fascinated by the stars, and in the 20th and 21st centuries we've started to really explore space! We've sent probes to distant planets, spaceships all across the solar system, and we've even landed astronauts onto the surface of the moon! But, as we set our sights further and further away, are we really sure that it's the fair thing to do? In this video, Unveiled asks whether space travel is ethical... Do we have the right? This is Unveiled, giving you incredible answers to extraordinary questions! Find more amazing videos for your curiosity here: What If the Big Bang Wasn't the Beginning? - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P6NK_GbfaXM Why Did NASA Stop Going to the Moon? - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BEZH_9nUFDg Are you constantly curious? Then subscribe for more from Unveiled ► https://goo.gl/GmtyPv #Space #SolarSystem #NASA #Ethics

We've been talking about going to Mars for decades, but we're still no closer to actually visiting the Red Planet... In this video, Unveiled uncovers exactly why we haven't traveled the solar system to sample the Martian landscapes. One day we hope to colonize our neighboring planet, but we've got a long way to go before that happens! This is Unveiled, giving you incredible answers to extraordinary questions! Find more amazing videos for your curiosity here: What If Mars Gets Closer to Earth? - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Hwl-AB9Tuo Why Did NASA Stop Going to the Moon? - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BEZH_9nUFDg Are you constantly curious? Then subscribe for more from Unveiled ► https://goo.gl/GmtyPv #Mars #Space #SolarSystem #Theory #RedPlanet #SpaceX #NASA

Can anyone own a planet? Humanity has had its sights set on Mars for a long time... But what happens when we finally get to the Red Planet? We often talk of colonising the solar system for ourselves, but do we really have the right to do so? In this video, Unveiled unpicks the Outer Space Treaty to discover who (if anyone?) can claim ownership of Mars... And whether those novelty "space deeds" you got for your birthday one time will ever hold up in court! This is Unveiled, giving you incredible answers to extraordinary questions! Find more amazing videos for your curiosity here: What If Humanity Was A Type III Civilisation? - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jcx_nKWZ4Uw Did Humans Live on Mars Before Earth? - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=APQjPxcJjK0 Are you constantly curious? Then subscribe for more from Unveiled ► https://goo.gl/GmtyPv #Mars #SolarSystem #Space #RedPlanet

Visit our sponsor, Brilliant: https://brilliant.org/IsaacArthur/ Venus is a desolate scorching world on which no life can exist. Yet if it can be cooled down, there is no other planet we know of more suitable for terraforming and colonization. We will examine methods of cooling Venus down and preparing it to be settled in the future. Visit our Website: http://www.isaacarthur.net Support us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/IsaacArthur SFIA Merchandise available: https://www.signil.com/sfia/ Social Media: Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/1583992725237264/ Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/IsaacArthur/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/Isaac_A_Arthur on Twitter and RT our future content. SFIA Discord Server: https://discord.gg/53GAShE Listen or Download the audio of this episode from Soundcloud: Episode's Audio-only version: https://soundcloud.com/isaac-arthur-148927746/winter-on-venus Episode's Narration-only version: https://soundcloud.com/isaac-arthur-148927746/winter-on-venus-narration-only Credits: Winter on Venus Episode 207, Season 5 E41 Written by: Isaac Arthur Editors: Darius Said Jerry Guern S. Kopperud Cover Art Jakub Grygier https://www.artstation.com/jakub_grygier Graphics by Jarred Eagley Jeremy Jozwik https://www.artstation.com/zeuxis_of_losdiajana Kris Holland (Mafic Studios) www.maficstudios.com Kristijan Tavcar https://www.miragedereve.com Sam McNamara of Rapid Thrash Sergio Botero https://www.artstation.com/sboterod?fref=gc Tristan3D Produced & Narrated by Isaac Arthur Music Manager Luca DeRosa - [email protected] Music: Markus Junnikkala, "Hail the Victorious Dead" https://www.markusjunnikkala.com/ Aerium, "The Islands moved while I was asleep" https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCRnUJY3l5vIJFGsY3XvW4dQ Dan MacLeod, "Lucky" https://soundcloud.com/neptuneuk Markus Junnikkala, "The Men Would love a good fight" https://www.markusjunnikkala.com/ Lombus, "Doppler Shores" https://lombus.bandcamp.com Paradox Interactive, "In Search of Life" https://www.paradoxplaza.com Ross Bugden, "Revelation" https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCQKGLOK2FqmVgVwYferltKQ

There are habitable zones around stars where the conditions on a planet are ideal for liquid water to exist (and therefore life as we know it to exist). Then there are galactic habitable zones that balance radiation from intergalactic space and radiation from the central supermassive black holes. But is there such a thing as Universal habitable zone? Is there somewhere in the Universe that is the most habitable? My new book 'Space: The 10 Things You Should Know' is out now worldwide (except US & Canada) on September 5th 2019! You can pre-order it (UK only) from amazon here: http://bit.ly/SpaceDrBecky News on US & Canadian publication coming soon. Don't forget to subscribe and click the little bell icon to be notified when I post a new video! ------ Huang et al. (1959) - http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1959PASP...71..421H Gonzalez, Brownlee & Ward (2001) - https://arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/0103165.pdf Dayal et al. (2015) - https://arxiv.org/pdf/1507.04346.pdf Gowanlock (2016) - https://arxiv.org/pdf/1609.09355.pdf --------- Dr. Becky also presents videos on Sixty Symbols: https://www.youtube.com/user/sixtysymbols and Deep Sky Videos: https://www.youtube.com/user/DeepSkyVideos Dr Becky Smethurst is an astrophysicist researching galaxies and supermassive black holes at Christ Church at the University of Oxford. http://drbecky.uk.com https://rebeccasmethurst.co.uk ------------