SPITZER SPACE TELESCOPE

Original air date: Aug. 9 at 7 p.m. PT (10 p.m. ET, 0200 UTC) The Spitzer Space Telescope is one of NASA’s Great Observatories, designed to observe the universe in infrared light. Launched in 2003 with an expected lifetime of five years, Spitzer has succeeded beyond our wildest expectations. This talk will cover engineering feats and technical challenges, as well as recent science highlights. These include science Spitzer was not designed to do, such as the discovery and characterization of seven rocky, potentially habitable planets in the nearby TRAPPIST-1 system. Speaker: Sean Carey, Manager of the Spitzer Science Center, Caltech/IPAC

One year ago, astronomers announced the discovery that seven roughly Earth-sized worlds orbited around the nearby star TRAPPIST-1. Now a year later, additional data have refined our understanding of these planets.We now know more about the TRAPPIST-1 system than any other solar system other than our own.

This visualisation explores the Orion Nebula as seen in infrared-light observations from NASA’s Spitzer Space Telescope. This video is designed to be compared and contrasted against the companion movie using visible light observations from the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope. As the camera flies into the star-forming region, it reveals a glowing gaseous landscape that has been illuminated and carved by the high-energy radiation and strong stellar winds from the massive hot stars in the central cluster. The infrared observations generally show cool temperature gas at a deep layer that shows the full bowl shape of the nebula. In addition, the infrared showcases many faint stars that shine primarily at longer wavelengths. More information and download options: http://www.spacetelescope.org/videos/hubblecast106c/ Credit: NASA, ESA, F. Summers, G. Bacon, Z. Levay, J. DePasquale, L. Hustak, M. Robberto and M. Gennaro (STScI), and R. Hurt (Caltech/IPAC)

This visualisation takes the viewer on a breathtaking flight through the Orion Nebula, a nearby star-forming region. The video has been produced using scientific imagery and data from the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope. As the camera flies into the nebula, the viewer sweeps past newborn stars, smouldering clouds heated by intense radiation, and tadpole-shaped gaseous envelopes surrounding protoplanetary disks. A glowing gaseous landscape is revealed, that has been illuminated and carved by the high-energy radiation and strong stellar winds from the massive hot stars in the central cluster. More information and download options: http://www.spacetelescope.org/videos/hubblecast106a/ Subscribe to Hubblecast in iTunes! https://itunes.apple.com/gb/podcast/hubblecast-hd/id258935617 Receive future episodes on YouTube by pressing the Subscribe button above or follow us on Vimeo: https://vimeo.com/hubbleesa Watch more Hubblecavideo.web_category.allst episodes: http://www.spacetelescope.org/videos/archive/category/hubblecast/ Credit: Directed by: Mathias Jäger Visual design and editing: Nico Bartmann Written by: Nicole Shearer Footage: NASA, ESA, and F. Summers, G. Bacon, Z. Levay, J. DePasquale, L. Hustak, L. Frattare, M. Robberto (STScI), R. Hurt (Caltech/IPAC), R. Gendler Music: 9. Nuclearmetal - Planetarium Web and technical support: Mathias André and Raquel Yumi Shida Executive producer: Lars Lindberg Christensen

This visualisation explores the Orion Nebula as seen in visible light observations from the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope. This video is designed to be compared and contrasted against the companion movie using infrared light observations from the Spitzer Space Telescope. As the camera flies into the star-forming region, it reveals a glowing gaseous landscape that has been illuminated and carved by the high-energy radiation and strong stellar winds from the massive hot stars in the central cluster. The high resolution observations show fine details including the wispy bow shocks and tadpole-shaped proplyds. More information and download options: http://www.spacetelescope.org/videos/hubblecast106b/ Credit: NASA, ESA, and F. Summers, G. Bacon, Z. Levay, J. DePasquale, L. Hustak, L. Frattare, M. Robberto (STScI), R. Hurt (Caltech/IPAC) Acknowledgement: R. Gendler

This visualisation is an excerpt from a longer sequence that explores the Orion Nebula using both visible and infrared light. Two correlated computer models were created based on visible light observations from the Hubble Space Telescope and infrared light observations from the Spitzer Space Telescope. As the camera flies into the star-forming region, the sequence cross-fades back and forth between the visible and infrared views. The glowing gaseous landscape has been illuminated and carved by the high energy radiation and strong stellar winds from the massive hot stars in the central cluster. The infrared observations generally show cooler temperature gas at a deeper layer of the nebula that extends well beyond the visible image. In addition, the infrared showcases many faint stars that shine primarily at longer wavelengths. The higher resolution visible observations show finer details including the wispy bow shocks and tadpole-shaped proplyds. In this manner, the movie illustrates the contrasting features uncovered by multi-wavelength astronomy. More information and download options: http://www.spacetelescope.org/videos/hubblecast106d/ Credit: NASA, ESA, F. Summers, G. Bacon, Z. Levay, J. DePasquale, L. Hustak, L. Frattare, M. Robberto and M. Gennaro (STScI), and R. Hurt (Caltech/IPAC) Acknowledgement: R. Gendler

Like this content? Please consider becoming a patron: https://patreon.com/DeepAstronomy On January 11, 2017 the Spitzer and Hubble Space Telescope missions released an amazing flythrough of the Orion Nebula, or M42. Never before have we had such a detailed look at this naked eye object in two wavelengths. Using actual scientific imagery and other data, combined with Hollywood techniques, a team at the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, and the Caltech/Infrared Processing and Analysis Center (IPAC) in Pasadena, California, has created the best and most detailed multi-wavelength visualization yet of this photogenic nebula. Music used: "Signals" - Ancient Eyes Music http://ancienteyesmusic.com/discography/our_invisible_universe/ "Roten Himmel" - The Gateless Gate https://thegatelessgate.bandcamp.com/album/germania NASA Press Release: https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?release=2018-004 Follow DeepAstronomy on Twitter: @DeepAstronomy Like DeepAstronomy on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DeepAstronomy/

This artist's concept animation shows a brown dwarf with bands of clouds, thought to resemble those seen on Neptune and the other outer planets in the solar system. By using NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope, astronomers have found that the varying glow of brown dwarfs over time can be explained by bands of patchy clouds rotating at different speeds. NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the Spitzer Space Telescope mission for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington. Science operations are conducted at the Spitzer Science Center at Caltech in Pasadena, California. Spacecraft operations are based at Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company, Littleton, Colorado. Data are archived at the Infrared Science Archive housed at the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center at Caltech. Caltech manages JPL for NASA.

This video depicts artist's concepts of each of the seven planets orbiting TRAPPIST-1, an ultra-cool dwarf star. Over 21 days, NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope measured the drop in light as each planet passed in front of the star. Spitzer was able to identify a total of seven rocky worlds, including three in the habitable zone where life is possible. The study established the planets' size, distance from their sun and, for some of them, their approximate mass and density. It also established that some, if not all, these planets are tidally locked, meaning one face of the planet permanently faces their sun. The planets appear in the order of innermost to outermost planets. These artist's concepts were designed as follows: TRAPPIST-1b, closest to the star, was modeled on Jupiter's moon Io, which has volcanic features due to strong gravitational tugs. TRAPPIST-1c is shown as a rocky, warm world with a small ice cap on the side that never faces the star. TRAPPSIT-1d is rocky and has water only in a thin band along the terminator, dividing the day side and night side. TRAPPIST-1e and TRAPPIST-1f are both shown covered in water, but with progressively larger ice caps on the night side. TRAPPIST-1g is portrayed with an atmosphere like Neptune's, although it is still a rocky world. The farthest planet, TRAPPIST-1h, is shown as covered in ice, similar to Jupiter's icy moon Europa. The background stars are what you would see if you were in the TRAPPIST-1 system. Orion passes behind the planets, recognizable but distorted from what we’re familiar with, in addition to Taurus and Pleiades. For more information about Spitzer & TRAPPIST-1, visit http://www.spitzer.caltech.edu/trappist-1

Seven Earth-sized planets have been observed by NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope around a tiny, nearby, ultra-cool dwarf star called TRAPPIST-1. Three of these planets are firmly in the habitable zone. Over 21 days, NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope measured the drop in light as each planet passed in front of the star. Spitzer was able to identify a total of seven rocky worlds, including three in the habitable zone, where liquid water might be found. The video features interviews with Sean Carey, manager of the Spitzer Science Center, Caltech/IPAC; Nikole Lewis, James Webb Space Telescope project scientist, Space Telescope Science Institute; and Michaël Gillon, principal investigator, TRAPPIST, University of Liege, Belgium. The system has been revealed through observations from NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope and the ground-based TRAPPIST (TRAnsiting Planets and PlanetesImals Small Telescope) telescope, as well as other ground-based observatories. The system was named for the TRAPPIST telescope. NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, manages the Spitzer Space Telescope mission for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington. Science operations are conducted at the Spitzer Science Center at Caltech in Pasadena. Spacecraft operations are based at Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company, Littleton, Colorado. Data are archived at the Infrared Science Archive housed at Caltech/IPAC. Caltech manages JPL for NASA. For more information about Spitzer, visit http://www.nasa.gov/spitzer and http://spitzer.caltech.edu. Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

This ESOcast Light presents five amazing facts about the 7 Earth-sized planets found in the nearby TRAPPIST-1 system, from their rocky composition to their potential to harbour water. The video is available in 4K UHD. The ESOcast Light is a series of short videos bringing you the wonders of the Universe in bite-sized pieces. The ESOcast Light episodes will not be replacing the standard, longer ESOcasts, but complement them with current astronomy news and images in ESO press releases. The artist’s impressions in this video are based on the known physical parameters for the planets and stars seen, and uses a vast database of objects in the Universe. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso1706b/ Subscribe to ESOcast in iTunes! https://itunes.apple.com/podcast/esocast-hd/id295471183?mt=2 Receive future episodes on YouTube by pressing the Subscribe button above or follow us on Vimeo: https://vimeo.com/esoastronomy Watch more ESOcast episodes: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/esocast/ Find out how to view and contribute subtitles for the ESOcast in multiple languages, or translate this video on dotSUB: http://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/translators/ Credit: ESO. Editing: Herbert Zodet. Web and technical support: Mathias André and Raquel Yumi Shida. Written by: Thomas Barratt, Lauren Fuge, Oana Sandu & Richard Hook. Music: STAN DART (www.stan-dart.com). Footage and photos: ESO, Luis Calçada, spaceengine.org, ACe Consortium, Babak Tafreshi (twanight.org) and Nick Risinger (skysurvey.org). Directed by: Herbert Zodet. Executive producer: Lars Lindberg Christensen.

Astronomers have found a system of seven Earth-sized planets just 40 light-years away. Using ground and space telescopes, including ESO’s Very Large Telescope, the planets were all detected as they passed in front of their parent star, the ultracool dwarf star known as TRAPPIST-1. Three of the planets lie in the habitable zone and could harbour oceans of water on their surfaces, increasing the possibility that the star system could play host to life. This system has both the largest number of Earth-sized planets yet found and the largest number of worlds that could support liquid water on their surfaces. This ESOcasts describes the findings and shows a little of what they might mean. The artist’s impressions in this video are based on the known physical parameters for the planets and stars seen, and uses a vast database of objects in the Universe. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso1706a/ Subscribe to ESOcast in iTunes! https://itunes.apple.com/podcast/esocast-hd/id295471183?mt=2 Receive future episodes on YouTube by pressing the Subscribe button above or follow us on Vimeo: https://vimeo.com/esoastronomy Watch more ESOcast episodes: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/archive/category/esocast/ Find out how to view and contribute subtitles for the ESOcast in multiple languages, or translate this video on dotSUB: http://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/translators/ Credit: ESO. Editing: Herbert Zodet. Web and technical support: Mathias André and Raquel Yumi Shida. Written by: Thomas Barratt and Lauren Fuge. Music: STAN DART (www.stan-dart.com). Narration: Sara Mendes da Costa. Footage and photos: ESO, Luis Calçada/spaceengine.org, Theofanis Matsopoulos, Liam Young, ACe Consortium, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Conceptual Image Lab, Chris Meaney (HTSI): Lead Animator, Scott Wiessinger (USRA): Producer, Martin Kornmesser, Babak Tafreshi (twanight.org) and Nick Risinger (skysurvey.org) Directed by: Herbert Zodet. Executive producer: Lars Lindberg Christensen.

This animation portrays NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope in space.

The field of microlensing was pioneered as a method to find dark matter in the form of MACHOs but was rapidly repurposed as a planet-finding technique. The quest to find and characterize planetary signals has driven the field to high-cadence wide-field surveys and to space. I will review two exciting developments in microlensing: microlensing parallaxes with Spitzer, which probe the distribution of planets as a function of galactic environment, and the Korea Microlensing Telescope Network, which permits continuous monitoring of microlensing events to search for planets beyond the snow line. These projects are revolutionizing all aspects of the field of microlensing from the search for planets to the detailed characterization of complex lensing systems. Speaker: Jennifer Yee (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics) Host: Andrew Szentgyorgyi (CfA)

The Spitzer Space Telescope, formerly the Space Infrared Telescope Facility, is an infrared space observatory launched in 2003. It is the fourth and final of the NASA Great Observatories program. Credit: NASA Follow Us: Facebook: https://goo.gl/QapZAe Twitter: https://goo.gl/RoQSmJ

The Andromeda Galaxy, also known as Messier 31, M31, or NGC 224, is a spiral galaxy approximately 780 kiloparsecs from Earth. It is the nearest major galaxy to the Milky Way and was often referred to as the Great Andromeda Nebula in older texts. Credit: NASA Follow Us: Facebook: https://goo.gl/QapZAe Twitter: https://goo.gl/RoQSmJ

A supernova is an astronomical event that occurs during the last stellar evolutionary stages of a massive star's life, whose dramatic and catastrophic destruction is marked by one final titanic explosion. Credit: NASA Follow Us: Facebook: https://goo.gl/QapZAe Twitter: https://goo.gl/RoQSmJ

"Pillars of Creation" is a photograph taken by the Hubble Space Telescope of elephant trunks of interstellar gas and dust in the Eagle Nebula, some 6,500-7,000 light years from Earth. Credit: NASA Follow Us: Facebook: https://goo.gl/QapZAe Twitter: https://goo.gl/RoQSmJ

An exoplanet or extra solar planet is a planet that orbits a star other than the Sun. Starting in 1988, and as of 19 November 2016, there have been 3,541 exoplanets in 2,656 planetary systems and 597 multiple planetary systems confirmed. Credit: NASA Follow Us: Facebook: https://goo.gl/QapZAe Twitter: https://goo.gl/RoQSmJ

The Spitzer Space Telescope, formerly the Space Infrared Telescope Facility, is an infrared space observatory launched in 2003. It is the fourth and final of the NASA Great Observatories program. Credit: NASA Follow Us: Facebook: https://goo.gl/QapZAe Twitter: https://goo.gl/RoQSmJ

The Spitzer Space Telescope, formerly the Space Infrared Telescope Facility, is an infrared space observatory launched in 2003. It is the fourth and final of the NASA Great Observatories program. Credit: NASA Follow Us: Facebook: https://goo.gl/QapZAe Twitter: https://goo.gl/RoQSmJ

An exoplanet or extra solar planet is a planet that orbits a star other than the Sun. Credit: NASA Follow Us: Facebook: https://goo.gl/QapZAe Twitter: https://goo.gl/RoQSmJ

GOODS unites extremely deep observations from NASA's Great Observatories, Spitzer, Hubble, and Chandra, ESA's Herschel and XMM-Newton, and from the most powerful ground-based facilities, to survey the distant universe to the faintest flux limits across the electromagnetic spectrum. Credit: NASA Follow Us: Facebook: https://goo.gl/QapZAe Twitter: https://goo.gl/RoQSmJ

The North America Nebula is an emission nebula in the constellation Cygnus, close to Deneb. Credit: NASA Follow Us: Facebook: https://goo.gl/QapZAe Twitter: https://goo.gl/RoQSmJ

Lyman Strong Spitzer was an American theoretical physicist, astronomer and mountaineer. As a scientist, he carried out research into star formation, plasma physics, and in 1946, conceived the idea of telescopes operating in outer space. Credit: NASA Follow Us: Facebook: https://goo.gl/QapZAe Twitter: https://goo.gl/RoQSmJ

Two regions of star formation within the disk of Milky Way, IRAS 19340+2016 and IRAS19343+2026, resemble the original USS Enterprise (NCC-1701) and “Next Generation” Enterprise-D (NCC-1701-D). The image was assembled using data from NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope with green colors highlighting organic molecules in the dust clouds and red colors related to thermal radiation emitted from the very hottest areas of dust. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope, which launched Aug. 25, 2003, will begin an extended mission—the “Beyond” phase—on Oct. 1, 2016. This mission was designed to last at least two-and-a-half years; 13 years later, Spitzer has operated far beyond the scope of the original mission. Spitzer’s infrared vision has revealed the Universe in new ways, from mapping extrasolar planet temperatures, to discovering a ring around Saturn hundreds of times larger than any previously known. Spitzer has also discovered tiny buckyball molecules in space, and produced a 360-degree infrared panorama of the Milky Way. For more information about the Spitzer Space Telescope, visit http://www.nasa.gov/spitzer

O nome do telescópio espacial Spitzer , vem de um astrofísico norte-americano, Lyman Spitzer, considerado um dos maiores cientistas do século XX, tornou-se notado pelas suas grandes contribuições no campo da dinâmica estelar, do plasma, da fusão termonuclear e da astronomia em geral. Foi a primeira pessoa a sugerir a colocação de telescópios no espaço e fez vários esforços para o desenvolvimento do telescópio orbital Hubble.

Daha fazlası için: http://www.khanacademy.org.tr Matematikten sanat tarihine, ekonomiden fen bilimlerine, basit toplamadan diferansiyel denklemlere, ilkokul seviyesinden üniversite seviyesine binlerce ücretsiz ders videosu, interaktif alıştırma ve daha fazlası Khan Academy’de. Khan Academy Türkçe Eğitimde fırsat eşitliği için herkese, her yerde, dünya standartlarında ve ücretsiz eğitim. http://www.khanacademy.org.tr http://www.youtube.com/khanacademyturkce https://www.facebook.com/khanacademyturkce https://www.twitter.com/khanacademytr Dünyanın en büyük ücretsiz öğrenim platformu Khan Academy’nin İngilizce ve diğer dillerdeki dersleri için: http://www.khanacademy.org Spitzer Telescope https://www.khanacademy.org/partner-content/nasa/measuringuniverse/spectroscopy/v/spitzer_telescope

The exoplanet HD80606 b spends most of its time far from its star, but every 111 days it swings in feverishly close. NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope measured the planet's extreme temperature swings using infrared light. This allowed astronomers to simulate its atmosphere. For more information about Spitzer, visit http://www.nasa.gov/spitzer Visuals credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MIT/Principia College

1. Various animations of Spitzer telescope in space 2. SOUDBITE: (Spanish) Dr. Sergio Fajardo Acosta, Astronomer: "With this telescope we can observe places where stars are forming, which is incredible because we have not been able to see this with existing space telescopes." 3. Animation of Spitzer telescope in space 4. SOUDBITE: (Spanish) Dr. Sergio Fajardo Acosta, Astronomer: "With a few minutes of observation we can open a window 3 (b) billion years into the past and even farther back. The universe is 12 (b) billion years old and with this telescope we will be able to see the universe as it was when it was forming." 5. Animation of Spitzer telescope in space 6. SOUDBITE: (Spanish) Dr. Sergio Fajardo Acosta, Astronomer: "We are very hopeful that the Spitzer telescope will tell us around which stars there could be life. Then, the mission I mentioned called the Terrestrial Planet Finder will tell us which planets are similar to Earth and missions to Mars and other planets will tell us if there are bacteria or other more complex organisms there. The high point will be when we find another intelligent civilization. That is the great goal of NASA and we think it is feasible." 7. Animation showing observations captured by Spitzer telescope STORYLINE: NASA declared a new infra-red space telescope operational on Thursday - saying the observatory will rival the Hubble Telescope in probing deep into the heavens. NASA Administrator Sean O'Keefe also gave the telescope a new name - the Spitzer Space Telescope. The satellite is named after late Princeton astronomer Lyman Spitzer, who died in 1997. Spitzer was an early proponent of sending telescopes into space to get clearer pictures of the cosmos. O'Keefe also unveiled the first images taken by the (B) billion dollar instrument, showing a region of the universe where stars are being born - something that can't be seen well with conventional optical telescopes. The Spitzer telescope, which must be kept near at a temperature near absolute zero (minus 273 Celsius), was launched in August and is now more than five (M) million miles (eight (M) million kilometres) away from Earth. It's built for a five-year service life, but NASA scientists hope to keep it operating for even longer. You can license this story through AP Archive: http://www.aparchive.com/metadata/youtube/91aad526d3bbc906a16924c3c6ca8cce Find out more about AP Archive: http://www.aparchive.com/HowWeWork

Today's telescopes study the sky across the electromagnetic spectrum. Each part of the spectrum tells us different things about the Universe, giving us more pieces of the cosmic jigsaw puzzle. The most powerful telescopes on the ground and in space have joined forces over the last decade in a unique observing campaign, known as the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey, or GOODS, which reaches across the spectrum and deep back into cosmic time. Courtesy of The Spitzer Science Center http://ssc.spitzer.caltech.edu/

This video showcases the Saturnian system, beginning with the planet itself and panning out to its newest addition -- an enormous ring discovered in infrared light by NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope. The view starts with a simulated view of Saturn. It then moves outward, showing the orbits of many of Saturn's inner moons in green. The white lines show outer moons with orbits of varying inclinations. The yellow line shows the orbit of the moon Phoebe, which circles through the newfound ring, represented in tan. Both Phoebe and the outer ring orbit at an angle of 27 degrees from the main ring plane (they also orbit in the opposite direction of the other rings and most of the moons). The movie then zooms back into the system to show the orbit of the moon Iapetus in blue. Astronomers think that material from the outer ring is migrating in toward Iapetus, splattering its leading hemisphere. This would explain the moon's strange half-black, half-white appearance, first noted by Giovanni Cassini in the late seventeenth century. Elements of this animation are courtesy SCISS in Sweden, and American Museum of Natural History in New York, New York.

This movie begins with a visible view of the famous Orion constellation. Superimposed on the area near Orion's sword is a visible-light picture taken by the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, headquartered in Tucson, Ariz. The movie then zooms into an infrared view taken by NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope, and ends by panning across the Spitzer image.

Nicole and I project on space telescope, a quick video on the 3 most powerful ones.

Subscribe to Cosmic TV for more great space, alien and UFO content: http://bit.ly/CosmicTVSubscribe Hubble Space Telescope's Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS) joins forces with the Spitzer Space Telescope to peer deeper into the Milky Way's center. Hubble detected a new population of massive stars about 26,000 light-years away. Astronomers can use this data to study how these stars form and influence their environment.

Welcome home! This is our Milky Way galaxy as you've never seen it before. Ten years in the making, this is the clearest infrared panorama of our galactic home ever made, courtesy of NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope.

Ten years after launch, NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope continues to illuminate the dark side of the cosmos with its infrared eyes.

more at http://scitech.quickfound.net/ "This video presentation introduces the Hubble Space Telescope, Gamma Ray Observatory, Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF), and the Shuttle Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF). This film is cataloged as NASA-TM-109311." Public domain film from NASA, slightly cropped to remove uneven edges, with the aspect ratio corrected, and mild video noise reduction applied. The soundtrack was also processed with volume normalization, noise reduction, clipping reduction, and/or equalization (the resulting sound, though not perfect, is far less noisy than the original). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubble_Space_Telescope The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) is a space telescope that was carried into orbit by a Space Shuttle in 1990 and remains in operation. A 2.4-meter (7.9 ft) aperture telescope in low Earth orbit, Hubble's four main instruments observe in the near ultraviolet, visible, and near infrared. The telescope is named after the astronomer Edwin Hubble. Hubble's orbit outside the distortion of Earth's atmosphere allows it to take extremely sharp images with almost no background light. Hubble's Deep Fields have been some of the most detailed visible-light images ever, allowing a deep view into space and time. Many Hubble observations have led to breakthroughs in astrophysics, such as accurately determining the rate of expansion of the universe... The HST was built by the United States space agency NASA, with contributions from the European Space Agency, and is operated by the Space Telescope Science Institute. The HST is one of NASA's Great Observatories, along with the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory, the Chandra X-ray Observatory, and the Spitzer Space Telescope... The telescope is now expected to function until at least 2013. Its scientific successor, the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), is to be launched in 2018 or possibly later... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compton_Gamma_Ray_Observatory The Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO) was a space observatory detecting light from 20 KeV to 30 GeV in Earth orbit from 1991 to 2000. It featured four main telescopes in one spacecraft covering x-rays and gamma-rays, including various specialized sub-instruments and detectors. Following 14 years of effort, the observatory was launched on the Space Shuttle Atlantis, mission STS-37, on 5 April 1991 and operated until its deorbit on 4 June 2000. It was deployed in low earth orbit at 450 km (280 mi) to avoid the Van Allen radiation belt. It was the heaviest astrophysical payload ever flown at that time at 17,000 kilograms (37,000 lb)... CGRO was named after Dr. Arthur Holly Compton (Washington University in St. Louis), Nobel prize winner, for work involved with gamma ray physics. CGRO was built by TRW (now Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems) in Redondo Beach, CA. CRGO was an international collaboration and additional contributions came from the European Space Agency and various Universities, as well as the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chandra_X-ray_Observatory The Chandra X-ray Observatory is a space telescope launched on STS-93 by NASA on July 23, 1999. Chandra is sensitive to X-ray sources 100 times fainter than any previous X-ray telescope, enabled by the high angular resolution of its mirrors. Since the Earth's atmosphere absorbs the vast majority of X-rays, they are not detectable from Earth-based telescopes; therefore space-based telescopes are required to make these observations. Chandra is an Earth satellite in a 64 hour orbit, and its mission is ongoing as of 2013. Chandra is one of the Great Observatories, along with the Hubble Space Telescope, Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (1991-2000), and the Spitzer Space Telescope. Chandra has been described as being as revolutionary to astronomy as Galileo's first telescope. It was named in honor of the Nobel-prize winning Indian-American astrophysicist Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar who worked for University of Chicago from 1937 until he died in 1995. He was known for determining the maximum mass for white dwarfs... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spitzer_Space_Telescope The Spitzer Space Telescope (SST), formerly the Space Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF) is an infrared space observatory launched in 2003. It is the fourth and final of the NASA Great Observatories program. The planned mission period was to be 2.5 years with a pre-launch expectation that the mission could extend to five or slightly more years until the onboard liquid helium supply was exhausted. This occurred on 15 May 2009.[3] Without liquid helium to cool the telescope to the very cold temperatures needed to operate, most instruments are no longer usable. However, the two shortest wavelength modules of the IRAC camera are still operable with the same sensitivity as before the cryogen was exhausted, and will continue to be used in the Spitzer Warm Mission...

Visit my website at http://www.junglejoel.com - scientists using the Hubble Space Telescope, NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope and gravitational lensing from a foreground galaxy cluster -have found what is probably the most distant galaxy yet seen in the Universe. This newly discovered galaxy, named MACS0647-JD, offers a peek back into a time when the Universe was only 3 percent of its present age of 13.7 billion years. We are observing the newly discovered galaxy as it was 420 million years after the Big Bang. This video shows a zoom up of the galaxy cluster, known as MACS J0647.7+7015. The distant galaxy is barely visible, located just beneath the cluster. Please rate and comment, thanks! Video Credit: NASA / ESA / G. Bacon

The fantastic structures at the center of our Milky Way Galaxy, hidden from us in visible light, are revealed through infrared imagery. What makes the Earth livable? In this animated cartoon, innocent alien M51 moves the Earth into a closer orbit around the sun, and learns an important lesson about life in the Universe. The beautiful Carina nebula, stretching 200 light years across space, has been shredded by ultraviolet radiation and winds from a behemoth of a star. The eerie Helix nebula, created from the outer layers of a dying star once like our own, reveals secrets to the Spitzer Space Telescope. The star Mira has kept a stunning secret that scientists have only just discovered in the glow of ultraviolet light. For Halloween, a trilogy of spooky star-forming regions tell a haunting tale of the lives and deaths of stars. Galaxies take on striking new colors and structures when viewed by the infrared eye of the Spitzer Space Telescope. These two extreme planets have set the records for the hottest and windiest known worlds anywhere. One of the most striking nearby star-forming regions is the Rho Ophiuchi Cloud. New images from Spitzer reveal its infrared wonders. IRrelevant Astronomy takes a lighthearted, comedic look at the infrared Universe. Enjoy this peek at the Spitzer Space Telescope's newest video podcast series. Giant jets from baby stars blow colorful bubbles in interstellar space. Spitzer's infrared view reveals these structures in colorful ways never seen before. A supernova flash echoing through surrounding dust clouds has given astronomers a virtual time machine for studying the light from the explosion that nobody saw. A group of baby stars form a "stellar snowflake" in Spitzer's observations of a dusty region near the Cone Nebula. Two and a half billion infrared pixels are exposing our own Galaxy in this new image from NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope! It's a chaotic region, sculpted by the glare of one generation of massive stars that's giving rise to the next. The Omega Nebula, or M17, is a star-forming region in the constellation of Sagittarius and is about 6,000 light years away. To commemorate this International Year of Astronomy, three of NASA's flagship observatories have put a new spin on how we see the Pinwheel Galaxy! Explore the dusty secrets of the Orion Nebula through Spitzer's infrared vision. The fading light of a flaring young star has shed light on a puzzle involving crystals and comets. Astronomers have found One Ring to rule them all, not in the land of Mordor, but around Saturn, the Lord of the Rings of the solar system. In May of 2009, the European Space Agency successfully launched the Herschel Space Observatory, a new eye for the infrared universe. Its 3.5 meter mirror lets us see into the far infrared spectrum with unprecedented clarity. In December of 2009, NASA launched its latest infrared telescope, the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer. This satellite, also known as WISE, is on a mission to map the entire sky in infrared light. When worlds collide, the result is spectacular, and astronomers think they've detected the aftermath of such an event around another star. Hidden behind a dark veil of dust in the constellation Sagittarius, a lurking dragon has been revealed by the infrared eye of NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope. It gives us a glimpse into how spiral arms affect the formation of stars. Today's telescopes study the sky across the electromagnetic spectrum. Each part of the spectrum tells us different things about the Universe, giving us more pieces of the cosmic jigsaw puzzle. The most powerful telescopes on the ground and in space have joined forces over the last decade in a unique observing campaign, known as the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey, or GOODS, which reaches across the spectrum and deep back into cosmic time. While astronomers have identified over 500 planets around other stars, they're all too small and distant to fill even a single pixel in our most powerful telescopes. That's why science must rely on art to help us imagine these strange new worlds. Seen here in visible light, the North America Nebula strangely resembles its namesake continent. Expanding our view to include infrared light, the dark dust lanes and concealed stars glow in red colors while the continental gas clouds shift to an ocean-­‐like blue. Pushing entirely into the infrared spectrum, we see even more detail in the convoluted dust clouds. Hiding behind the constellations Sagittarius and Scorpius is the center of our own Milky Way galaxy, over 25,000 light years away. This patch of sky is mostly dark in visible light, shrouded by dust clouds that lie between us and the Galactic center. But the infrared vision of NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope sees through the dust showing us this strange and tumultuous region.

Animation of the Spitzer Space Telescope.

Hiding behind the constellations Sagittarius and Scorpius is the center of our own Milky Way galaxy, over 25,000 light years away. This patch of sky is mostly dark in visible light, shrouded by dust clouds that lie between us and the Galactic center. But the infrared vision of NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope sees through the dust showing us this strange and tumultuous region. The image spans about 5 degrees of sky, which is about half the width of your outstretched palm, but encompasses over 2,000 light years across our galaxy's core. Infrared light at 3.6 microns, which is mostly from stars, appears blue in the Spitzer image. Dust clouds glowing at 8 and 24 microns are rendered in green and red. The stars dramatically increase in numbers towards the center, swirling around a supermassive black hole astronomers think lies at the heart of it all. Infant stars pop out as glowing red dots, lit up by their warm dusty shrouds. They highlight the regions where stars are vigorously forming. These red shells and arcs show us where solar winds, flowing out from massive stars, light up as they slam into the surrounding interstellar gas. Dust clouds that are opaque even to Spitzer begin to glow as we shift our view to even longer infrared wavelengths. The European Space Agency's Herschel Space Observatory reveals the galaxy's dust clouds at wavelengths of 70 to 250 microns, about 10 times longer than what we saw in the Spitzer image. In this far infrared view, the colors we see indicate the overall temperature of the dust. Blue regions are the warmest, reaching typical room temperatures, while red indicates frigid dust only tens of degrees above absolute zero. Herschel has helped astronomers identify a spectacular structure, a dust ring that is over 600 light years across, encircling our galaxy's center. Viewed edge-on, its strange warped shape takes on the appearance of an infinity symbol, perhaps reminding us of how much we have yet to discover in our galaxy and beyond. credit: NASA / JPL-Caltech / ESA source: http://www.spitzer.caltech.edu/video-audio/1390-hiddenuniverse-036-The-Galactic-Center-Revisited-Gallery-Explorer-

Freethinkers are naturalistic. Truth is the degree to which a statement corresponds with reality. Reality is limited to that which is directly perceivable through our natural senses or indirectly ascertained through the proper use of reason.

Astronomers have discovered "buckyballs," soccer-ball-shaped molecules in space.

I'm a gigantic fan of the re-occurring Milky J character who loves the Hubble Space Telescope on Late Night with Jimmy Fallon. His music video left me in stitches. I made a response music video/rip song about the Spitzer Space Telescope which is better than the Hubble. Do enjoy. See the original "Hubble Gotchu" music video on NBC.com: http://www.latenightwithjimmyfallon.com/video/hubble-gotchu-the-music-video-51910/1229258/

A singing NASA supervisor uses song to explain about NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope, and how infrared astronomy differs from visible-light telescopes like Hubble. Starring Danny Tieger ("My Universe Revolves Around You"), Buffy Henshaw ("Behind the Scenes: When Galaxies Collide"), and Tom Phillips as Flunky #2. To view more comedic (but educational!) NASA videos featuring Sean Astin, Felicia Day, Mark Hamill, Linda Hamilton, Dean Stockwell, George Takei, Ed Wasser, Betty White and more, visit: http://coolcosmos.ipac.caltech.edu/videos/irrelevant NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope Additional imagery sources include: Hubble Space Telescope Chandra X-ray Observatory _________________________ LYRICS: Spitzer was launched in 2003 The 4th of NASA's Great Observatories On an Earth-trailing orbit with its back to the sun 3 eyes to the sky with coolant for one. Its 66 million miles away Because the heat from the Earth would affect the display Were talking sensitive instruments, keep it streaming on course for its deep space heat-tracing gaze at the Universe CHORUS Infrared Capturing the heat instead There is light form the sky that we can't see In the darkest parts of the galaxy With Spitzer's spectrum We can detect them Easily Spitzers greatest gift to the viewing community s the ability to see through the dust clouds that literally Block the view of other telescopes Unless that dust gets busted they stand no hope Of seeing what we can, Were NASAs greatest addition But you didnt hear it from me 'cause it aint a competition, Yeah, were working together, combining forces for the mission of a better sense of interstellar cosmic composition CHORUS Visible light Visible light We can only see the stars if the stars shine bright Infrared, (yeah) infrared Depends on the energy in heat thats shed. Spitzers pulling pictures like the paparazzi Though the coolant ran out, so we cant use all three Weve got notable photos, and even bros know it shows The secrets of Universe are fully exposed Like some extrasolar planets, does get you a going 'Cause the heat from those planets has its own faint glowing If there are half as many planets around the stars weve found Its a million times more likely theyve got life spinning 'round Am I blowing your mind? Are you listening to me? Were the white coat crew that mapped our galaxy So youre joining the team, thats hot in the head Hooked on looking for the cooking bits of orange and red. CHORUS

Source: http://www.spitzer.caltech.edu/features/hd The Many Views of the Milky Way: In May of 2009, the European Space Agency launched the Herschel Space Observatory, a new eye on the infrared universe. Its 3.5‐meter mirror is the largest ever put into space and reveals the far infrared sky with unprecedented clarity. This early Herschel observation shows a patch of sky in the constellation Crux. Warm Milky Way dust at a wavelength of 70 microns glows blue, while cooler dust at 160 microns is red. Pushing to the longest infrared wavelengths, we now see from 250 to 500 microns. The orangeish filaments trace the very coldest dust in our galaxy, only tens of degrees above absolute zero. These two images combine to make a spectacular ensemble spanning Herschels full infrared range. NASAs Spitzer Space Telescope provides a strikingly different view of the same region. At much shorter wavelengths from 3.6 to 24 microns we see stars and the hot dust around stellar nurseries. Herschel and Spitzer work well together to provide complementary views of the universe. Note how the densest dust clouds appear dark and opaque to Spitzer but show up as red filaments to Herschel The combined Spitzer/Herschel image reveals the full range of cosmic dust temperatures, from the cold and red to the hot and blue. Together these two observatories give us the most complete view to date of the infrared universe.

Hypernova (pl. hypernovae) refers to an exceptionally large star that collapses at the end of its lifespan — for example, a collapsar, or a large supernova. Until the 1990s, it referred specifically to an explosion with an energy of over 100 supernovae (1046 joules); such explosions were proposed to explain the origin of exceptionally bright gamma ray bursts. An extensive sky search found several apparent hypernova remnants, but too few to support the hypothesis

Dr. Giovanni Fazio, from the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory discusses the Spitzer Space Telescope. Launched on 25 August 2003, the telescope is producing an exciting new view of the Universe seen in infrared light. Spitzer is the fourth and final space telescope in NASA's Great Observatory series. It consists of an 85-cm telescope and three highly sensitive instruments capable of observing infrared light that allows astronomers to view regions of space invisible to optical telescopes. Spitzer's scientific results include the study of the formation and evolution of galaxies in the early Universe, understanding energy sources in ultraluminous galaxies, the study of star formation and evolution, observations of exoplanets and their atmospheres, and determining the structure and evolution of planetary disks around nearby stars. After a brief description of the Spitzer mission, results from Spitzer's extragalactic and galactic observational programs will be presented, showing many of Spitzers very spectacular images. This lecture was the 2009 Smithsonian Secretary's Distinguished Research Lecutre