THE MILKY WAY

Computer models are helping scientists on the hunt for small black holes and new data is giving us a better understanding of the universe’s largest explosions. For special, curated artifacts of this universe, check out https://scishowfinds.com/ ---------- Support SciShow by becoming a patron on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/scishow ---------- Dooblydoo thanks go to the following Patreon supporters: Lazarus G, Sam Lutfi, D.A. Noe, سلطان الخليفي, Piya Shedden, KatieMarie Magnone, Scott Satovsky Jr, Charles Southerland, Patrick D. Ashmore, Tim Curwick, charles george, Kevin Bealer, Chris Peters ---------- Like SciShow? Want to help support us, and also get things to put on your walls, cover your torso and hold your liquids? Check out our awesome products over at DFTBA Records: http://dftba.com/scishow ---------- Looking for SciShow elsewhere on the internet? Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/scishow Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/scishow Tumblr: http://scishow.tumblr.com Instagram: http://instagram.com/thescishow ---------- Sources: Black Holes: https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.101101 https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/04/04/599437677/new-study-shows-the-center-of-the-milky-way-has-thousands-of-black-holes https://www.nature.com/articles/nature25029 http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/aacb34 http://chandra.harvard.edu/learn_bh.html http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0004-637X/770/2/148/ https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/chandra/news/giant-black-hole-pair-photobombs-andromeda-galaxy.html http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/317837 https://medium.com/starts-with-a-bang/milky-way-houses-up-to-100-million-black-holes-with-big-implications-for-ligo-2f691be6a876 https://www.iflscience.com/space/cosmic-collisions-have-created-rings-of-extreme-black-holes-in-galaxies/ Supernovas: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-018-0563-4 https://arxiv.org/abs/1603.05657 https://www.futurity.org/supernova-shock-breakout-amateur-astronomer-1688682-2/ https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.01293 https://www.universetoday.com/24731/red-supergiant-star/ https://www.newsweek.com/astronomers-catch-glimpse-what-happens-just-violent-death-star-1110957 https://www.nasa.gov/feature/ames/Kepler/caught-for-the-first-time-the-early-flash-of-an-exploding-star https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/basic-space/supernova-turns-inside-out-and-kicks-neutron-star/ https://www.space.com/6638-supernova.html https://www.nature.com/physics/looking-back/bahcall/index.html https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0612072 -------- Images: https://images.nasa.gov/details-PIA12348.html https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20228 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hoag%27s_object.jpg https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11447 https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11447 https://www.nasa.gov/feature/ames/Kepler/caught-for-the-first-time-the-early-flash-of-an-exploding-star https://images.nasa.gov/details-PIA17838.html https://www.spacetelescope.org/images/heic0515a/

According to a report by Geek.com, a new discovery by researchers at the University of Michigan has uncovered our Milky Way galaxy's long-lost, and long-dead, stellar sibling. The new study shows that our nearest galactic neighbor, the Andromeda galaxy, cannibalized another massive galaxy two billion years ago. "A rich trail of evidence" left behind after the galaxy, named M32p, was devoured has helped scientists understand how disk galaxies like the Milky Way evolve and survive. It turns out the consumed galaxy was at least 20 times larger than any galaxy that ever merged with the Milky Way, and had been the third-largest member of the so-called Local Group. https://www.geek.com/news/scientists-shocked-to-discover-milky-ways-long-lost-sibling-1747200/?source http://www.wochit.com This video was produced by YT Wochit News using http://wochit.com

According to a new study published Monday in the journal Nature Astronomy, two billion years ago, our Milky Way galaxy's sibling, known as M32p, was violently cannibalized by our closest and largest galactic neighbor, Andromeda. CNN reports that the large neighboring galaxy is expected to have consumed hundreds of surrounding smaller galaxies. Before being consumed, the M32p galaxy was reportedly the third largest galaxy behind Andromeda and the Milky Way and was at least 20 times larger than any galaxy that ever merged with the Milky Way. Both evidence and computer simulations allowed researchers to reconstruct the events leading up to galaxy M32p's demise approximately 2 billion years ago. https://www.cnn.com/2018/07/23/world/milky-way-galaxy-sibling-m32/index.html http://www.wochit.com This video was produced by YT Wochit News using http://wochit.com

Our solar system and sun is located inside a pancake shaped galaxy. Imagine a scale model where the plane of the Milky Way is a DVD, and the central bulge is a ping pong ball glued in the center. It is this narrow plane that we see across the sky on a sufficiently dark night from Earth, from our vantage point inside it. Dust blocks much of our view. But at other wavelengths astronomers can probe the heart of our galaxy. The center of our Milky Way Galaxy, located 26,000 light-years away, houses a black hole as massive as a million suns, surrounded by very dense nest of stars and bright clouds. The density of stars in the innermost regions of the Milky Way is up to one million times greater than in our portion of the galaxy. This region contains extreme and unusual conditions that can influence the types of stars that reside there. The density of stars and clouds creates streaming patterns. There are large massive star clusters that cannot not be found outside that region. The radiation environment is intense in the galactic center. The near-infrared image (Hubble) shows the knots of cloud edges and emission that mark the plane of our galaxy. The mid-infrared image (Spitzer) highlights the clouds of gas and dust and star forming regions. The X-ray image (Chandra) tracks the most luminous and powerful stars in the area conspicuously revealing the galactic center region itself - including the million-solar mass black hole at the very hub of our galaxy. In addition, several other X-ray emitting locations can be seen, linked to massive star clusters. Video: NASA, ESA, and G. Bacon (STScI) Image Credits: NASA, ESA, CXC, SSC and STScI

In this week's question's show, I answer what would happen if the Milky Way lost its supermassive black hole, why can't you spiral stuff into the Sun, why do we assume life breathes oxygen? Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001

Our Milky Way Galaxy once dined on the Sausage Galaxy, and Jupiter's auroras seem to be heavily influenced by one of its moons. It's a galaxy-eat-galaxy kind of universe out there! Hosted by: Hank Green For special, curated artifacts of this universe, check out https://scishowfinds.com/ ---------- Support SciShow by becoming a patron on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/scishow ---------- Dooblydoo thanks go to the following Patreon supporters: Lazarus G, Sam Lutfi, Nicholas Smith, D.A. Noe, سلطان الخليفي, Piya Shedden, KatieMarie Magnone, Scott Satovsky Jr, Charles Southerland, Patrick D. Ashmore, Tim Curwick, charles george, Kevin Bealer, Chris Peters ---------- Like SciShow? Want to help support us, and also get things to put on your walls, cover your torso and hold your liquids? Check out our awesome products over at DFTBA Records: http://dftba.com/scishow ---------- Looking for SciShow elsewhere on the internet? Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/scishow Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/scishow Tumblr: http://scishow.tumblr.com Instagram: http://instagram.com/thescishow ---------- Sources: https://www.eurekalert.org/jrnls/sci/summaries-07-06-18.php#B http://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2018/07/03/science.aat1450.full https://www.space.com/41084-jupiter-moons-intricate-aurora-footprints.html https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-07/sf-tgs070318.php https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article-abstract/478/1/611/5032586?redirectedFrom=fulltext https://arxiv.org/pdf/1805.00453.pdf https://arxiv.org/pdf/1802.03351.pdf https://arxiv.org/abs/1804.07050.pdf Images: https://eurekalert.org/multimedia/pub/174793.php?from=399049 http://www.eso.org/public/usa/videos/eso1339a/ https://eurekalert.org/multimedia/pub/174794.php?from=399049 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Interacting_Galaxies_Hubble.jpg https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/spaceimages/details.php?id=PIA21033 https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2016/hubble-captures-vivid-auroras-in-jupiter-s-atmosphere https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Jupiter_and_the_Galilean_Satellites.jpg https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/juno/multimedia/pia03155.html https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?feature=7075 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:PIA19822-MagneticBlackHoleWaves-AlfvenS-waves-20150709.jpg https://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2007/29mar_bigauroras https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Juno_Aces_Eighth_Science_Pass_Of_Jupiter.jpg https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/cassini/multimedia/pia13763.html https://m.esa.int/spaceinimages/Images/2016/09/Anatomy_of_the_Milky_Way https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vortex-street-animation.gif

The Milky Way’s Bulge: From a Hypothesized Blob to a Remarkably Detailed Picture David Nataf of Johns Hopkins University The central bulge of our Milky Way galaxy is host to roughly 30 percent of its stars, including a substantial fraction of both the oldest stars and the most metal-rich stars. The ages of the stars indicate that some formed via hierarchical collapse early in the universe, while most formed later on, due to dynamical processes within the disk. The differences in chemical abundances among the stars may have effects on the formation of planets and the evolution of life. Astronomers’ understanding and characterization of the Milky Way bulge creates a relatively complex picture, but it is still incomplete. Host: Dr. Frank Summers Recorded live on Tuesday, July 3 at the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A. More information: http://hubble.stsci.edu/about_us/public_talks/

*Use Earphones for better sound effects* Our Galaxy is one of the oldest formed galaxies in the Universe. Milky Way Galaxy has a violent past. The galaxy has evolved through different processes and is even evolving today. The video talks about the formation, evolution and the fate of our galaxy. If you like the video, make sure you give it a like, comment and Subscribe to our channel! Music: Lost Frontier by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Source: http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-free/index.html?isrc=USUAN1300039 Artist: http://incompetech.com/ Video Credits: http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11087 http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10688 https://commons.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Andromeda_and_Milky_Way_collision.ogv References: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milky_Way https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_matter_halo And various educational books Disclaimer: All the information provided in the video is based on our knowledge and understanding of the subject and isn't related to any other organizations/agencies. While we take the responsibility to provide you with the most accurate facts, these facts may change with time as Science is always evolving. We're on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/astrogeekz/ We're on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/astrogeekz/ Support us on Patreon.

According to astronomers at the University of New South Wales in Sydney and Ege University in Turkey, the Milky Way is clogged with toxic grease. UNSW Sydney professor Tim Schmidt said in a statement, "This space grease is not the kind of thing you’d want to spread on a slice of toast. It’s dirty, likely toxic, and only forms in the environment of interstellar space. According to Geek.com, the teams have concluded that there are about 100 greasy carbon atoms for every million hydrogen atoms, accounting for between one quarter and one half of the available carbon. https://www.geek.com/news/study-milky-way-congested-with-toxic-grease-1744691/?source http://www.wochit.com This video was produced by YT Wochit News using http://wochit.com

The European Space Agency just dropped an enormous amount of data onto the scientific community. The location and position of 1.7 billion stars in the Milky Way. Sign up to my weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 References: http://sci.esa.int/gaia/60169-gaia-s-sky-in-colour/ http://sci.esa.int/gaia/58209-gaia-s-first-sky-map/ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bZfFdCknTQc https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rgE3bHLFqOw https://m.esa.int/spaceinimages/Images/2018/04/Rotation_of_the_Large_Magellanic_Cloud2

Phillips Auditorium Joao Alves University of Vienna Host: Alyssa Goodman Abstract: Most of what we know about star and planet formation has been obtained from spatial 2D observations of the local Galactic neighborhood (d ~ 1 kpc), collected over the last 70 years. During this time we have built a pragmatic, ​although simplified, view of the local complexes, establishing a series of ground truths that guide today's star formation research. For example, we use Orion as the template for massive star formation and Taurus for low-mass star formation. We have embraced supersonic turbulence as a fundamental pillar of the star formation process, but have not identified its source. We have organized groups of young stars as either bound clusters or associations and wondered about the origin of an all-sky structure we call Gould’s belt. Recently, we found that this view might be up for revision, as we have seen evidence for a new and more significant arrangement of young massive stars in the local neighborhood we call Blue Streams. These streams appear to be several hundred pc long and display monotonic age sequences, suggestive of a common origin at Galactic scales. If real, Blue Streams would play a critical role in understanding the structure of ​the ​local ISM, would give a much-needed context to local star formation, and even allow the prediction of the "galactic weather" our solar system will face in the future. In this talk, a week and a day after Gaia Data Release 2, I will present the very latest from the 3D view of the local neighborhood and will try to validate or reject old and new ideas.

A remarkable new map of the Milky Way was recently released by the European Space Agency.

The Andromeda galaxy is heading straight toward our own Milky Way. The two galaxies will inevitably collide. Will that be the very last night sky our solar system witnesses? You can further support us on Patreon at https://www.patreon.com/pbsspacetime Get your own Space Time t­-shirt at http://bit.ly/1QlzoBi Tweet at us! @pbsspacetime Facebook: facebook.com/pbsspacetime Email us! pbsspacetime [at] gmail [dot] com Comment on Reddit: http://www.reddit.com/r/pbsspacetime Help translate our videos! https://www.youtube.com/timedtext_cs_panel?tab=2&c=UC7_gcs09iThXybpVgjHZ_7g Previous Episode: Scientists Have Detected the First Stars https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-R9F2_D76TE See that fuzzy blob on the sky? The one just left of the Milky Way center in the constellation of Andromeda. That’s M31 – the Andromeda galaxy. It’s two and a half million light years away and host to a trillion stars. It has a beautiful spiral structure spanning its gently rotating disk 220 thousand light years in diameter, and a central bulge that hides a giant black hole that contains the mass of well over a hundred million Suns. Andromeda is also racing towards our galaxy at 110 km/s. Written and Hosted by Matt O'Dowd Produced by Rusty Ward Graphics by Grayson Blackmon Assistant Editing and Sound Design by Mike Petrow and Linda Huang Made by Kornhaber Brown (www.kornhaberbrown.com) Comments Matt responded to include: The Exoplanets Channel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-R9F2_D76TE&lc=UgzYOYV-1GsJrSwlmZ14AaABAg Patrick Horgan https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-R9F2_D76TE&lc=UgxB8ZoEtScJ4vFBSo94AaABAg And Springville High School’s AP Physics Class! Special thanks to our Patreon Big Bang, Quasar and Hypernova Supporters: Big Bang CoolAsCats David Nicklas Faisal Saud Anton Lifshits Joey Redner Quasar Tambe Barsbay Mayank M. Mehrota Mars Yentur Mark Rosenthal Dean Fuqua Justin Lloyd Roman Pinchuk Hypernova Kevin Costello Edmund Fokschaner Matthew O’Connor Eugene Lawson Barry Hatfield Martha Hunt Joseph Salomone Chuck Zegar Jordan Young Ratfeast John Hofmann Craig Peterson Thanks to our Patreon Gamma Ray Burst Supporters: James Hughes Fabian Olesen Kris Fernet Jane Meyers James Flowers Greg Allen TJMadison Denys Ivanov Nick Virtue Alexey Eromenko Nicholas Rose Scott Gossett Mark Vasile Patrick Murray Sultan Alkhulaifi Alex Seto Michal-Peanut Karmi Erik Stein Kevin Warne JJ Bagnell J Rejc Avi Goldfinger John Pettit Florian Stinglmayr Benoit Pagé-Guitard Nathan Leniz Brandon Labonte David Crane Greg Weiss Brandon Cook

*Milky Way is as big as Andromeda A new study claims our nearest big neighbour the Andromeda galaxy M-31 and our own galaxy the Milky Way are about the same mass. The findings contradicts earlier studies which concluded that Andromeda was two to three times larger than the Milky Way. *New Hubble constant hinting at strange new physics beyond the standard model Astronomers have used NASA's Hubble Space Telescope to make the most precise measurements yet of the expansion rate of the universe since it was first calculated nearly a century ago. Intriguingly, the new results are forcing astronomers to consider that they may be seeing evidence of something unexpected at work in the universe. *The most distant supernova ever seen Astronomers have confirmed the discovery of the most distant supernova ever detected. The findings claim the huge cosmic explosion took place 10.5 billion years ago – meaning it’s taken some three-quarters of the age of the universe for light from the blast to reach Earth. *The Science Report Climate change now so bad that sea levels will continue to rise even if all Paris targets are reached. Up to 30 percent of teenage school kids now involved in sexting. The first three-dimensional computer models of the thylacine or Tasmanian Tiger. A new study warns hackers could take control of patient’s pacemaker. Alex on Tech looks at the latest rumours about the next iPhone. Stream on demand from www.bitesz.com (mobile friendly) For enhanced Show Notes including photos to accompany this episode, visit: http://www.bitesz.com/spacetimeshownotes This episode of SpaceTime is brought to you by Grammarly...an intelligent writing app. Spelling and grammar corrections that make you look like a writing whiz. If you write anything on or offline you need Grammarly. It’s saved us many times. Use our special url to get your free browser extension and Grammarly account. www.getgrammarly.com/spacetime so they know you came from us. Subscribe, rate and review SpaceTime at all good podcasting apps…including Apple Podcasts (formerly iTunes), audioBoom, Stitcher, PocketCasts, Podbean, Radio Public, Tunein Radio, google play, Spreaker, Spotify, Deezer etc RSS feed: https://audioboom.com/channels/4642443.rss Would you prefer to have access to the special commercial free version of SpaceTime? Help support the show, subscribe at Patreon....and share in the rewards. Details at www.patreon.com/spacetimewithstuartgary Help support SpaceTime : The SpaceTime with Stuart Gary merchandise shop. Get your T-Shirts, Coffee Cups, badges, tote bag + more and help support the show. Check out the range: http://www.cafepress.com/spacetime Thank you. Plus: As a part of the SpaceTime family, you can get a free audio book of your choice, plus 30 days free access from audible.com. Just visit www.audibletrial.com/spacetime or click on the banner link at www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com Email: [email protected] Join our mailing list at http://www.bitesz.com/join-our-mailing-list

The closest galaxy to our own is the majestic Andromeda galaxy, a collection of a trillion stars located a “mere” 2 million light years away. https://gizmodo.com/good-news-the-milky-way-may-not-be-devoured-by-androme-1823080163 http://www.wochit.com This video was produced by YT Wochit News using http://wochit.com

This episode is brought to by Grammarly….an intelligent writing app. It’ll correct hundreds of writing errors for you….and has saved us multiple occasions. It’s one app we use every day here at SpaceTime. And there’s a free browser extension. Go to www.getgrammarly.com/spacetime for your free download and help support the show...it’ll improve your writing no end! Stream on demand from www.bitesz.com (mobile friendly). *New evidence that our galaxy is a cannibal Astronomers have discovered evidence confirming that the outer halo of the Milky Way contains stars stolen from neighbouring dwarf galaxies. The new findings support the idea of galactic cannibalism in which big galaxies grow bigger by merging or consuming smaller galaxies. *All systems go for Falcon heavy Space X is about to launch its largest and most powerful rocket ever -- the Falcon Heavy. The new 70 metre tall launch vehicle combines three Falcon 9 core stages mounted side by side. Instead of the usual dummy payload packed with scientific monitoring equipment – SpaceX boss Elon Musk is sending his own midnight cherry Tesla Roadster with David Bowie’s Space Oddity playing through the speakers. *Scientists discover how black holes regulate star formation in massive galaxies For year astronomers have noticed a direct relationship between the size of a galaxy and the mass of the supermassive black hole at its centre -- But the machinations of how it all worked has been more of a mystery. Now a new study has provided direct observational evidence that the mass of the central black hole affects the formation of new stars throughout the galaxy’s lifetime. *The Science Report The biological markers in blood plasma which could provide an early warning of Alzheimer’s disease. Polar bears slowly starving to death because declining sea ice due to man-made climate change. New questions about the effectiveness of taking fish oil capsules for heart health. New tool discoveries indicate humans left Africa much earlier than thought. The events that have shaped the nation the most. The Skeptics guide to so called energy medicine. For enhanced Show Notes including photos to accompany this episode, visit: http://www.bitesz.com/spacetimeshownotes Subscribe, rate and review SpaceTime at all good podcasting apps…including Apple Podcasts (formerly iTunes), audioBoom, Stitcher, PocketCasts, Podbean, Radio Public, Tunein Radio, google play, Spreaker etc RSS feed: https://audioboom.com/channels/4642443.rss Would you prefer to have access to the special commercial free version of SpaceTime? Help support the show, subscribe at Patreon....and share in the rewards. Details at www.patreon.com/spacetimewithstuartgary Help support SpaceTime : The SpaceTime with Stuart Gary merchandise shop. Get your T-Shirts, Coffee Cups, badges, tote bag + more and help support the show. Check out the range: http://www.cafepress.com/spacetime Thank you. Plus: As a part of the SpaceTime family, you can get a free audio book of your choice, plus 30 days free access from audible.com. Just visit www.audibletrial.com/spacetime or click on the banner link at www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com Email: [email protected] Join our mailing list at http://www.bitesz.com/join-our-mailing-list

A new visualization provides an exceptional virtual trip — complete with a 360-degree view — to the center of our home galaxy, the Milky Way.

The Earth is located about 26,000 light years, or about 200,000 trillion miles, from the center of the Galaxy. While humans cannot physically travel there, scientists have been able to study this region by using data from powerful telescopes. A new visualization, based on data from NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory and other telescopes, lets viewers explore the Milky Way's center. In this 360-degree movie, viewers can see powerful winds from giant stars around the Galaxy's supermassive black hole. Scientists are using this visualization to examine the effects from the black hole on its stellar neighbors.

A 360-degree movie immerses viewers into a simulation of the center of our Galaxy. This visualization was enabled by data from Chandra and other telescopes and allows viewers to control their own exploration of this region. From the vantage point of the Milky Way's supermassive black hole, Sgr A*, the viewer can see about 25 Wolf-Rayet stars (white, twinkling objects) as they continuously eject stellar winds (black to red to yellow color scale). These winds collide with each other, and then some of this material (yellow blobs) spirals towards Sgr A*. The movie shows two simulations, each of which start around 350 years in the past and span 500 years. The first simulation shows Sgr A* in a calm state, while the second contains a more violent Sgr A* that is expelling its own material, thereby turning off the accretion of clumped material (yellow blobs) that is so prominent in the first portion.

Zooming in on the Rho Ophiuchi star formation region in the constellation of Ophiuchus. More information and download options: http://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso1732b/ Credit: ESO, S. Guisard (www.eso.org/~sguisard), N. Risinger (skysurvey.org). Music: Johan B. Monell (www.johanmonell.com)

September 14, 2017 Phillips Auditorium Jennifer Johnson Ohio State University Host: Aaron Dotter Abstract: The past 10 billion years have been an exciting time for the Milky Way's disk. Based on over 100,000 stars with SDSS/APOGEE near-infrared spectra, I will review work on its age distribution, both radially and vertically, and the evidence for radial mixing of populations. I will present work on the large-scale chemical cartography of the Milky Way disk. I will discuss current efforts to calibrate "chemical age" indicators, in particular C/N in red giants, using stellar cluster data and asteroseismic ages. I will conclude with the most ambitious program yet to study the Milky Way disk -- the ~5 million star Milky Way Mapper, part of the After-Sloan-IV proposal.

Each week Astro Primer gives everyone worldwide a quick understanding of what to expect from the Moon, Milky Way and other Celestial objects to capture in your photography. Know when the Milky Way will be visible worlwide for week September 10th - 16th. This week, September 10th through 16th the Northern Hemisphere goes into a period of the Milky Way setting early in the evening while the Southern Hemisphere still enjoys up to SEVEN HOURS of Milky Way visibility! No matter where you are in the world, this Astro Primer we release every Sunday will help you know the rough hours to expect to be ready with your camera. The numbers here are all rounded up or down to give a basic window. Consult apps like PhotoPills to know PRECISELY the minutes of your area. Thanks for watching and hope you get out and have a Photog Adventure of your own soon! 😀 Support us: https://www.patreon.com/photogadventures Thanks for watching and see you next time! WEBSITE: http://www.photogadventures.com/ ABOUT: http://www.photogadventures.com/about/ ************************************************************** Do you enjoy Photography Podcasts? Check out our Podcast where we talk more in detail about what went well and what could have gone better in each of our adventures : https://goo.gl/6T4oJG ************************************************************** If you are curious, below is a list of the gear we use. These are Amazon links, so if you were to buy anything from them it actually would help support Photog Adventures and we really appreciate it! Camera Gear: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Canon 5D MKIII: https://goo.gl/PmrmKq Canon 70D: https://goo.gl/AcrCmq Canon 6D: https://goo.gl/97a0VJ Canon 17-35mm f2.8L: https://goo.gl/N7QUuu Tamron 15-30mm f2.8: https://goo.gl/dKzIBd SunwayFoto L Bracket: https://goo.gl/E3B4xS Manfrotto Junior 410 Geared Head: https://goo.gl/3VTViD Acratech GP Ballhead with Gimbal Feature: https://goo.gl/GltQvm Manfrotto Tripod Aluminum: https://goo.gl/5AuRcV Feisol Tournament CT-3442 Rapid: https://goo.gl/silJQV Mindshift Gear 180 Horizon: https://goo.gl/AZC3XA Canon Camera Bag: https://goo.gl/nXk9ON Astrophotography Gear: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Boruit Rechargeable LED Headlamp RJ-3000: https://goo.gl/FVrQKt JClaw Tek LED Headlamp with Red Lights for Night: https://goo.gl/7bmz3l F&V Z96 UltraColor LED Light (Same as Aaron purchased but as of today, out of stock.) amzn.to/2oZGyHj In-Stock option for F&V HDV-Z96 II Z-flash LED Light amzn.to/2oZsm1d Larger Capacity Battery for F&V light amzn.to/2opJU86 YONGNUO YN300 Air LED Video Light: https://goo.gl/TewFMs Rokinon/Samyang 24mm F/1.4 Aspherical Wide Angle Lens: https://goo.gl/IeBdaR Vlogging Gear: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ GoPro HERO4 Session: https://goo.gl/fTGbYv GoPro Hero4 Silver: https://goo.gl/h0gSgd GoPro Hero4 Black: https://goo.gl/yZD5T3 Zoom H1 Portable Digital Recorder: https://goo.gl/RvKj5e Rode SmartLav+: https://goo.gl/7qwAh2 Tascam DR-60DmkII: https://goo.gl/5uklXJ Thank you for supporting us!

The August 2017 total solar eclipse seen across the United States was an epic event. However, scientists and researchers at NASA's Ames Research Center use different types of eclipses every day to learn about the mysteries of our sun and our galaxy! Video credit: NASA's Ames Research Center NASA's Ames Research Center is located in California's Silicon Valley. Follow us on social media to hear about the latest developments in space, science and technology. Facebook https://www.facebook.com/nasaames/ Twitter https://twitter.com/NASAAmes Instagram https://www.instagram.com/nasaames/

Neil deGrasse Tyson and comic co-host Eugene Mirman answer fan submitted Cosmic Queries with Matt O’Dowd, astrophysicist and host of PBS Space Time, about vacuum decay, mapping the galaxy, diamond planets, a simulation universe and much, much, more! Watch Neil's guest appearance on Matt's channel: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hmVOV7xvl58 For more exclusive content and commercial-free full episodes, subscribe to StarTalkAllAccess.com If you love StarTalk Radio, don't miss out on any StarTalk news. Sign up for our free newsletter: http://www.startalkradio.net/newsletter/youtube/ Catch up with StarTalk Radio around the web: iTunes - http://bit.ly/SOHDg6 SoundCloud - https://soundcloud.com/startalk Stitcher - http://www.stitcher.com/podcast/startalk TuneIn - http://tunein.com/radio/StarTalk-Radio-p334521/ Google Play Music - https://play.google.com/music/m/I6lczawbvvafjdburzbcc23aacu?t=StarTalk_Radio Twitter - https://twitter.com/StarTalkRadio Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/StarTalkRadio Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+startalkradio Snapchat - https://www.snapchat.com/add/startalk-radio Pinterest - http://pinterest.com/startalk/ Tumblr - http://startalkradio.tumblr.com/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/startalkradio The List App - https://li.st/startalkradio

What does it mean if your Milky Way is under exposed? Learn how to properly get a perfect exposure right out of camera and give yourself a much easier time later on in post-processing. Join me for Live Webinar #3 where I go over the camera settings you should use for Milky Way Photography. I will share with you what it looks like when your Milky Way is underexposed and show you why it is so much better to get a properly exposed shot right at the start. We will also go over the settings for a Crop Sensor Camera body vs. a Full Frame Camera body and why you should push your ISO higher than you ever thought you should. Had a blast again guys! I am tempted to keep this going but I may need to change the day to a weekday. Let me know in the comments below if weekdays work out better or worse for ya! 😀 -Aaron FOCUS MAGNIFYING GLASS Carson Lumiloupe: https://goo.gl/d2Zyhd LOW-LEVEL LIGHT F&V Z96 UltraColor LED Light - https://goo.gl/5FvS5L Cheaper F&V HDV-Z96 II Z-flash LED Light - https://goo.gl/sn6ssh Larger Capacity Battery for F&V light - https://goo.gl/5RMyVk Coming up next week! Lesson #4 GEAR Saturday Aug 12th 11am Mountain Time

We're celebrating dark skies and all the wonder they produce by looking up at the beautiful Milky Way from Slooh's Canary Islands Observatories. During the show, we'll explore the importance of dark skies and what it's like to live in a place where light pollution isn't an issue.

Thanks for joining me this morning for a fun webinar! Can't wait until the next one next Saturday! 😀 Links of items mentioned: Stellarium: https://goo.gl/XzRSrK International Space Station texts: https://goo.gl/tqyyKM ClearDarkSky for Cloud info: https://goo.gl/3UrFqY Cloud info for those outside US/Canada/Mexico: https://goo.gl/4R5f4Q DarkSiteFinder for Light Pollution: https://goo.gl/49LTww See you next Saturday for Lesson #2 Composition! Free Live Webinar training you how-to use Stellarium, Photo Pills, DarkSiteFinder.com and ClearDarkSky.com for planning your Milky Way Photography. I will walk you through my work flow of planning using these apps and offer you an opportunity to ask me questions to help you directly. These apps help you know what the Moon is doing, where the Milky Way is, what other celestial events to look out for, where to go to find a dark sky and whether or not clouds will ruin your fun! Thanks for joining me and I look forward to hanging out with you Saturday! -Aaron This is Lesson #1 of a FOUR part Free Webinar series that allows me to talk about the basics of Milky Way Photography and more importantly be available to answer your questions LIVE! Join me for the next FOUR SATURDAYS to be a part of each lesson! Lesson #1 PLANNING Saturday July 15th 11am Mountain Time Lesson #2 COMPOSITION Saturday July 22nd 11am Mountain Time Lesson #3 SETTINGS Saturday July 29th 11am Mountain Time Lesson #4 GEAR Saturday Aug 5th 11am Mountain Time

Launched in 2009, the Kepler space telescope is our first mission capable of identifying Earth-size planets around other stars. On Monday, June 19, 2017, scientists announced the results from the latest Kepler candidate catalog of the mission at a press conference at NASA's Ames Research Center. More info: https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-releases-kepler-survey-catalog-with-hundreds-of-new-planet-candidates To learn more about NASA’s planet-hunting Kepler spacecraft, visit www.nasa.gov/kepler. Video credit: NASA's Ames Research Center NASA's Ames Research Center is located in California's Silicon Valley. Follow us on social media to hear about the latest developments in space, science and technology. Facebook https://www.facebook.com/nasaames/ Twitter https://twitter.com/NASAAmes Instagram https://www.instagram.com/nasaames/

Last Thursday I was interviewed on the Slooh livestream show, and we were chatting all about the Milky Way galaxy! Before the interview I shot this quick rundown of some fun facts about our home galaxy! Hope you guys enjoy!!! Thanks for watching! xoxo

Stream Episodes on demand from www.bitesz.com or www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com (both mobile friendly) *The Milky Way’s mysterious gamma ray glow solved A mysterious gamma-ray glow coming from the centre of the Milky Way is most likely caused by a sea of pulsars. The findings cast doubt on previous ideas that the glow might be evidence of dark matter -- a mysterious invisible substance that accounts for 85 percent of all matter in the universe -- but which has so far evaded detection. *Gravitationally lensed supernova Astronomers have discovered their first gravitationally lensed thermonuclear supernova. The new observations provide new ways of studying the accelerating expansion of the Universe due to a mysterious force called dark energy – as well as gravity and distribution of a mysterious substance called dark matter across the cosmos. *Cassini finds big empty close to Saturn NASA’s Cassini scientists say the region between Saturn and its rings is relatively dust free. However, the discovery made during Cassini’s first plunge inside the rings has come as somewhat of a surprise. *SpaceX launches its first spy satellite SpaceX has successfully launched its first top secret spy satellite for the National Reconnaissance Office. It was a case of second time lucky for the classified payload after a faulty first stage liquid oxygen temperature sensor detected an anomaly the previous day resulting in the launch being scrubbed. The NROL-76 payload was blasted into orbit aboard a Falcon 9 rocket from pad 39A at the Kennedy Space Centre at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Base in Florida. The video for the SpaceX launch is https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DUcNq1PhPQk For Enhanced Show Notes, including photos to accompany this episode: http://www.bitesz.com/spacetime-show-notes Subscribe, rate and review SpaceTime at all good podcasting apps…including iTunes, audioBoom, Stitcher, Pocketcasts, Podbean, Radio Public, Tunein Radio, google play, etc. RSS feed: https://audioboom.com/channels/4642443.rss Help support SpaceTime : The SpaceTime with Stuart Gary merchandise shop. Get your T-Shirts, Coffee Cups, badges, tote bag + more and help support the show. Check out the range: http://www.cafepress.com/spacetime Thank you. Plus: Get a free audio book of your choice, plus 30 days free access from audible.com. Just visit www.audibletrial.com/spacetime or click on the banner link at www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com Email: [email protected] Join our mailing list at http://www.bitesz.com/join-our-mailing-list For more, follow SpaceTime on Facebook, twitter, Tumblr, YouTube, Google+ and Clammr: Facebook: @spacetimewithstuartgary twitter: @stuartgary Tumblr: http://spacetimewithstuartgary.tumblr.com/ Google+: https://plus.google.com/u/2/collection/cabtNB YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLhpBkuHSLfIRnliLB12HoC1QE0rwr8qRS Clammr: http://www.clammr.com/app/spacetime If you're enjoying SpaceTime, please help out by sharing and telling your friends. The best recommendation I can get is one from you. Thank you... #astronomy #space #science #technology #news #astrophysics #NASA #cassini

The Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies are destined to collide. This computer simulation shows the Milky Way and Andromeda as their orbits evolve over the next 7 billion years. Subscribe for more Space wonders on ΥουΤυbe: https://tinyurl.com/SpaceTelescopesYouTube

How do we know what the Milky Way looks like if we've never been outside of it? Hosted by: Caitlin Hofmeister ---------- Support SciShow by becoming a patron on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/scishow ---------- Dooblydoo thanks go to the following Patreon supporters—we couldn't make SciShow without them! Shoutout to Kevin Bealer, Mark Terrio-Cameron, KatieMarie Magnone, Patrick Merrithew, Charles Southerland, Fatima Iqbal, Benny, Kyle Anderson, Tim Curwick, Scott Satovsky Jr, Will and Sonja Marple, Philippe von Bergen, Bella Nash, Bryce Daifuku, Chris Peters, Patrick D. Ashmore, Charles George, Bader AlGhamdi ---------- Like SciShow? Want to help support us, and also get things to put on your walls, cover your torso and hold your liquids? Check out our awesome products over at DFTBA Records: http://dftba.com/scishow ---------- Looking for SciShow elsewhere on the internet? Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/scishow Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/scishow Tumblr: http://scishow.tumblr.com Instagram: http://instagram.com/thescishow ---------- Sources: https://archive.org/stream/workstranslatedi03arisuoft#page/n41/mode/2up https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-did-scientists-determ/ https://books.google.com/books?id=IU9FAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA213#v=onepage&q&f=false https://www.e-education.psu.edu/astro801/content/l8_p3.html https://www.sdss3.org/press/milkywaybar.php http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ibn-bajja/ http://www.atnf.csiro.au/outreach/education/everyone/radio-astronomy/index.html Image Links: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milky_Way#/media/File:ESO_-_The_Milky_Way_panorama_(by).jpg https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milky_Way#/media/File:Herschel-Galaxy.png https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AustraliaSky.jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Artist%27s_impression_of_the_Milky_Way_(updated_-_annotated).jpg https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Herschel#/media/File:William_Herschel01.jpg https://www.e-education.psu.edu/astro801/content/l8_p3.html https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:HarlowShapely-crop.jpeg https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globular_cluster#/media/File:A_Swarm_of_Ancient_Stars_-_GPN-2000-000930.jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edwin-hubble.jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:An_Infrared_View_of_the_Galaxy.jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:GCRT_J1745-3009_2.jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Artist%E2%80%99s_impression_of_the_Milky_Way.jpg

A black hole is so dense that not even light can escape it. So we can't possibly photograph one, can we? Yes, we can. More accurately, we can observe its silhouette or shadow against the glowing disk of material it’s swallowing. The Event Horizon Telescope will unite facilities around the globe to form an Earth-sized telescope. With it, we will get our first detailed look at the giant black hole at the center of the Milky Way. And we will put Einstein’s theory to the ultimate test. Speaker: Dr. Michael Johnson Original music by Mark C. Petersen, Loch Ness Productions. Used with permission. Animations used under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

In 3.75 billion years, Earth's Milky Way Galaxy will collide with the Andromeda Galaxy. Over the next several billion years, the two galaxies will rip each other apart, eventually creating one elliptical galaxy. Read more: http://www.techinsider.io/ FACEBOOK: https://www.facebook.com/techinsider TWITTER: https://twitter.com/businessinsider INSTAGRAM: https://www.instagram.com/businessinsider/ TUMBLR: http://businessinsider.tumblr.com/

Support ASTRONOMIC: https://www.patreon.com/Astronomic PayPal Donations: [email protected] Subscribe to ASTRONOMIC: https://www.youtube.com/astronomic1 Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/astronomic1 Instagram: https://www.instragram.com/astronomic1 Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/astronomicbook Exclusive Content: https://www.curious.com/astronomic Hello Everyone! Welcome to OUR Universe! If you've enjoyed the video... click the LIKE button! If you want to support the channel... click the SUBSCRIBE button! TITLE: How Many Planets Are In The Galaxy? LINKS: 1. Exoplanet News https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/space_time/extrasolar_planets/ 2. Exoplanet Archive http://exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu 3. Astrobiology https://astrobiology.nasa.gov OUTRO: 1. Can A Black Hole Stop Time?! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZFnUAFCffXE 2. Is Jupiter A Failed Star? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GfVnkiM0jVw 3. Galactic Evolution https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1d3wMsp_cfQ Thanks for Watching! Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/astronomic1 Instagram: https://www.instragram.com/astronomic1 Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/astronomicbook Exclusive Content: https://www.curious.com/astronomic Support ASTRONOMIC: https://www.patreon.com/Astronomic PayPal Donations: [email protected] to ASTRONOMIC: https://www.youtube.com/astronomic1

Karl Menten (Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie)

Support ASTRONOMIC: https://www.patreon.com/Astronomic PayPal Donations: [email protected] Subscribe to ASTRONOMIC: https://www.youtube.com/astronomic1 Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/astronomic1 Instagram: https://www.instragram.com/astronomic1 Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/astronomicbook Exclusive Content: https://www.curious.com/astronomic TITLE: GALACTIC EVOLUTION Hello Everyone! Welcome to OUR Universe! If you've enjoyed the video... click the LIKE button! If you want to support the channel... click the SUBSCRIBE button! LINKS: 1.Wiki https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxy_formation_and_evolution 2. NASA https://science.nasa.gov/astrophysics/focus-areas/what-are-galaxies 3. Cornell Astronomy http://www.astro.cornell.edu/academics/courses/astro201/galaxies/evol.htm OUTRO: 1. FUTURE TELESCOPES: PART 1 https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=7kvbKO3hybQ 2. ALL ABOUT… STARS https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=PUyEGpfoACs 3. EARTH'S FUTURE https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=dBrfZKcruTs Thanks for Watching! Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/astronomic1 Instagram: https://www.instragram.com/astronomic1 Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/astronomicbook Exclusive Content: https://www.curious.com/astronomic Support ASTRONOMIC: https://www.patreon.com/Astronomic PayPal Donations: [email protected] to ASTRONOMIC: https://www.youtube.com/astronomic1

Visit http://science.nasa.gov/ for more. 30 million years from now, a massive cloud of gas will collide with the Milky Way. Astronomers are studying the incoming cloud and learning more about its origin.

The Gaia space observatory released a detailed 3d map of the Milky Way, and scientists have figured out why Charon's north pole is red! ---------- Support SciShow by becoming a patron on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/scishow ---------- Dooblydoo thanks go to the following Patreon supporters -- we couldn't make SciShow without them! Shout out to Kevin Bealer, Justin Lentz, Mark Terrio-Cameron, Patrick Merrithew, Accalia Elementia, Fatima Iqbal, Benny, Kyle Anderson, Mike Frayn, Tim Curwick, Will and Sonja Marple, Philippe von Bergen, Chris Peters, Kathy Philip, Patrick D. Ashmore, Thomas J., charles george, and Bader AlGhamdi. ---------- Like SciShow? Want to help support us, and also get things to put on your walls, cover your torso and hold your liquids? Check out our awesome products over at DFTBA Records: http://dftba.com/scishow ---------- Looking for SciShow elsewhere on the internet? Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/scishow Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/scishow Tumblr: http://scishow.tumblr.com Instagram: http://instagram.com/thescishow ---------- Sources: http://www.nature.com/news/detailed-map-shows-milky-way-is-bigger-than-we-thought-1.20591 http://www.nature.com/news/milky-way-mapper-6-ways-the-gaia-spacecraft-will-change-astronomy-1.20569 http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Gaia/Gaia_discovers_its_first_supernova http://www.aanda.org/component/article?access=doi&doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201629512 http://www.space.com/30503-pluto-moon-charon-polar-patch.html http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/education/images/pdf/ss-pluto.pdf https://blogs.nasa.gov/pluto/2015/09/09/new-horizons-probes-the-mystery-of-charons-red-pole/ http://pluto.jhuapl.edu/Participate/learn/What-We-Know.php?link=Plutos-Atmosphere Images: http://www.esa.int/spaceinimages/Images/2016/09/Gaia_s_first_sky_map http://www.esa.int/spaceinimages/Images/2013/08/Artist_s_impression_of_Gaia2 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pleiades_large.jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Charon-Neutral-Bright-Release.jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pluto-01_Stern_03_Pluto_Color_TXT.jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Formation_of_tholins_in_Titan%27s_upper_atmosphere.svg ESA Copyright Policy: http://www.esa.int/spaceinimages/ESA_Multimedia/Copyright_Notice_Images?img=1

Launched in December 2013, Gaia is destined to create the most accurate map yet of the Milky Way. By making accurate measurements of the positions and motions of stars in the Milky Way, it will answer questions about the origin and evolution of our home galaxy. The first intermediate data release, containing among other things three-dimensional positions and two-dimensional motions of a subset of two million stars, demonstrates that Gaia’s measurements are as precise as planned, paving the way to create the full map of one billion stars to be released towards the end of 2017.

Thanks to: http://www.space.com/34068-gaia-star-map-first-data-released.html

Launched in December 2013, Gaia is destined to create the most accurate map yet of the Milky Way. By making accurate measurements of the positions and motions of roughly 1% of the total population of stars in the Milky Way, it will answer questions about the origin and evolution of our home galaxy. The first intermediate data release, containing, among other things, three-dimensional positions and two dimensional motions of a subset of two million stars, demonstrates that Gaia’s measurements are as precise as planned, paving the way to create the full map of one billion stars to be released towards the end of 2017. Find out more about Gaia: http://www.esa.int/gaia

A visualisation of how Gaia scanned the sky during its first 14 months of operations, between July 2014 and September 2015. The oval represents a projection of the celestial sphere, with different portions of the sky gradually appearing, according to when and how frequently they were scanned by Gaia. The satellite scans great circles on the sky, with each scan lasting about 6 hours. During the first month, the scanning procedure was such that the ecliptic poles were always included. This meant that Gaia observed the stars in those regions many times, providing an invaluable database for the initial calibration of the observations. Then, starting on 21 August 2014, the satellite started its main survey, employing a scanning ‘law’ designed to achieve the best possible coverage of the whole sky. Data collected over Gaia's first 14 months make up the mission’s first data release. Based on these observations, scientists produced a map of the sky, showing the density of stars observed by Gaia. Brighter regions indicate denser concentrations of stars, while darker regions correspond to patches of the sky where fewer stars are observed. The Galactic Plane, where most of the Milky Way’s stars reside, is visible as the brightest portion of the map: a horizontal strip that is especially bright at the centre. Darker regions across the Galactic Plane correspond to dense clouds of interstellar gas and dust that absorb starlight along the line of sight. Stellar clusters also appear, sprinkled across the image alongside a handful of nearby galaxies – most notably the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds in the lower right. A number of artefacts, reflecting Gaia's scanning law, are also visible on the all-sky map. As this map is based on observations performed during the mission’s first year, the survey is not yet uniform across the sky. These artefacts will gradually disappear as more data are gathered during the five-year mission. For more information on Gaia, visit: http://www.esa.int/Gaia Credit: ESA/Gaia/DPAC; Acknowledgement: B. Holl (University of Geneva, Switzerland), A. Moitinho & M. Barros (CENTRA – University of Lisbon), on behalf of DPAC

A virtual journey, from our Solar System through the Milky Way, based on data from the first release of ESA’s Gaia satellite. The journey starts by looking back at the Sun, surrounded by its eight planets. We then move away from the Sun and travel towards and around the Hyades star cluster, the closest open cluster to the Solar System, some 150 light-years away. The 3D positions of the stars shown in the animation are drawn from the Tycho-Gaia Astrometric Solution (TGAS), which combines information from Gaia’s first year of observations with the earlier Hipparcos and Tycho-2 Catalogues, both based on data from ESA’s Hipparcos mission. This new dataset contains positions on the sky, distances and proper motions of over two million stars. It is twice as precise and contains almost 20 times as many stars as the previous reference for astrometry, the Hipparcos Catalogue. The journey continues showing the full extent size of the stars contained in the Tycho-Gaia Astrometric Solution, all relatively near to the Sun, in the overall context of our Milky Way galaxy. The final Gaia catalogue will contain the most detailed 3D map ever made of the Galaxy, charting a billion stars – about 1% of the Milky Way’s stellar content – to unprecedented accuracy. For more information about Gaia, visit: http://www.esa.int/gaia Credit: ESA/Gaia/DPAC; Acknowledgement: S. Jordan & T. Sagristà Sellés (Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg)

Scientists discover a "dark twin" called Dragonfly 44. It has been discovered 300 million light-years away in the Coma constellation. Subscribe To Inform Overload: https://www.youtube.com/user/InformOverload ------------------------------------ STORY LINK: http://cnn.it/2bvorFj ------------------------------------ MAIL US SOMETHING: P.O BOX # 14015 2408 Lakeshore Blvd W. Etobicoke, On M8V4A2 ------------------------------------ CONNECT WITH US: Instagram: http://instagram.com/informoverload Twitter: https://twitter.com/InformOverload Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/InformOverload Website: http://www.informoverload.com iO T-Shirts: http://iostore.spreadshirt.com ------------------------------------ IN THIS VIDEO: Charlotte Dobre: http://instagram.com/charlaychaplin ------------------------------------ VIDEO EDITED BY: Theresa Morozovitch: http://instagram.com/tessatv999

I’ve always struggled to take a good picture of the Milky Way, even though I’ve got pretty good camera gear. My friends Cory and Tanja Schmitz from PhotographingSpace.com give me tips and advice to taking a better Milky Way photo, and then show me what to do in Lightroom and Photoshop to make it even better. Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Follow us on Tumblr: http://universetoday.tumblr.com/ Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday

Want to hear something cool? There’s a black hole at the center of the Milky Way. And not just any black hole, it’s a supermassive black hole with more than 4.1 million times the mass of the Sun. It’s right over there, in the direction of the Sagittarius constellation. Located just 26,000 light-years away. And as we speak, it’s in the process of tearing apart entire stars and star systems, occasionally consuming them, adding to its mass like a voracious shark.

As soon as you learn about the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way, your next thought is: is that thing going to destroy our galaxy? In the short term, no, in the long term… maybe? Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Follow us on Tumblr: http://universetoday.tumblr.com/ Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain Jason Harmer - @jasoncharmer Chad Weber - [email protected] Created by: Fraser Cain and Jason Harmer Edited by: Chad Weber Music: Left Spine Down - “X-Ray” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4tcoZNrSveE Want to hear something cool? There’s a black hole at the center of the Milky Way. And not just any black hole, it’s a supermassive black hole with more than 4.1 million times the mass of the Sun. It’s right over there, in the direction of the Sagittarius constellation. Located just 26,000 light-years away. And as we speak, it’s in the process of tearing apart entire stars and star systems, occasionally consuming them, adding to its mass like a voracious shark. Wait, that doesn’t sound cool, that sort of sounds a little scary. Right? Don’t worry, you have absolutely nothing to worry about, unless you plan to live for quadrillions of years, which I do, thanks to my future robot body. I’m ready for my singularity, Dr. Kurzweil. Is the supermassive black hole going to consume the Milky Way? If not, why not? If so, why so? The discovery of a supermassive black hole at the heart of the Milky Way, and really almost all galaxies, is one of my favorite discoveries in the field of astronomy. It’s one of those insights that simultaneously answered some questions, and opened up even more. Back in the 1970s, the astronomers Bruce Balick and Robert Brown realized that there was an intense source of radio emissions coming from the very center of the Milky Way, in the constellation Sagittarius. They designated it Sgr A*. The asterisk stands for exciting. You think I’m joking, but I’m not. For once, I’m not joking. In 2002, astronomers observed that there were stars zipping past this object, like comets on elliptical paths going around the Sun. Imagine the mass of our Sun, and the tremendous power it would take to wrench a star like that around. The only objects with that much density and gravity are black holes, but in this case, a black hole with millions of times the mass of our own Sun: a supermassive black hole. With the discovery of the Milky Way’s supermassive black hole, astronomers found evidence that there are black holes at the heart of every galaxy. At the same time, the discovery of supermassive black holes helped answer one of the big questions in astronomy: what are quasars? We did a whole episode on them, but they’re intensely bright objects, generating enough light they can be seen billions of light-years away. Giving off more energy than the rest of their own galaxy combined. It turns out that quasars and supermassive black holes are the same thing. Quasars are just black holes in the process of actively feeding; gobbling up so much material it piles up in an accretion disk around it. Once again, these do sound terrifying. But are we in any danger? In the short term, no. The black hole at the center of the Milky Way is 26,000 light-years away. Even if it turned into a quasar and started eating stars, you wouldn’t even be able to notice it from this distance. A black hole is just a concentration of mass in a very small region, which things orbit around. To give you an example, you could replace the Sun with a black hole with the exact same mass, and nothing would change. I mean, we’d all freeze because there wasn’t a Sun in the sky anymore, but the Earth would continue to orbit this black hole in exactly the same orbit, for billions of years. Same goes with the black hole at the center of the Milky Way. It’s not pulling material in like a vacuum cleaner, it serves as a gravitational anchor for a group of stars to orbit around, for billions of years. In order for a black hole to actually consume a star, it needs to make a direct hit. To get within the event horizon, which is only about 17 times bigger than the Sun. If a star gets close, without hitting, it’ll get torn apart, but still, it doesn’t happen very often. The problem happens when these stars interact with one another through their own gravity, and mess with each other’s orbits. A star that would have been orbiting happily for billions of years might get deflected into a collision course with the black hole. But this happens very rarely. Over the short term, that supermassive black hole is totally harmless. Especially from out here in the galactic suburbs. But there are a few situations that might cause some problems over vast periods of time.

Vlog 69 - I'm no pro but here is how I shoot the Galaxy, hope it helps! Sonora and I are now in SF and have lots of rad things planned this week. IG/Snap/Vine/Tmbl/Twtr: @andrewtkearns