UAHiRISE (NASA MRO)

Debris in space often impacts planets, and on Mars, we are finding new craters from recent impacts. The meteorite that caused the small crater in this image, just seven meters across, hit Mars sometime between April 2018 and January 2019. (Narration: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://www.uahirise.org/ESP_060203_1850

This image shows sedimentary rock and sand within Danielson Crater, located in the southwest Arabia Terra region of Mars. The rock was formed millions or billions of years ago. https://uahirise.org/ESP_060331_1880 (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona

This image of a crater rim strikingly shows what appear to be bright white flows coming from gullies in the crater wall. However, HiRISE has been watching these gullies for some time and the flow features have been there for years. The new aspect is the bright white coloration, which is frost. https://www.uahirise.org/ESP_059681_2410 (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona

This image of the Nili Fossae region on Mars, to the west of the great Isidis basin, shows layered bedrock with many impact craters. Nili Fossae is one of the most mineralogically important sites on Mars. Remote observations by the infrared spectrometer onboard MRO suggest the layers in the ancient craters contain clays, carbonates, and iron oxides, perhaps due to hydrothermal alteration of the crust. https://www.uahirise.org/ESP_060064_2005 (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona

Every spring the sun shines on the side of the stack of layers at the North Pole of Mars known as the north polar layered deposits. The warmth destabilizes the ice and blocks break loose. https://www.uahirise.org/ESP_060176_2640 (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona

A portion of the ejecta of this crater has been exposed in cross section by erosion. Our image can reveal the nature of the ejecta-basement interface, possible evidence of ballistic sedimentation, and reveal potential layering in the ejecta. This image is located in Sfax Crater along the edge of Ganges Chasma (Mars.) Music: “Facile” by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Source: http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-free/index.html?isrc=USUAN1100858 Artist: http://incompetech.com/ NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://www.uahirise.org/ESP_017041_1720

Melas Chasma is the widest segment of the Valles Marineris canyon system on Mars, and it cuts through layered deposits that are thought to be sediments from an old lake that resulted from runoff of the valley networks to the west. (Less than 1 km across.) Music: “Underworld,” by Myuu (used by permission). NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://www.uahirise.org/ESP_016831_1675

This image shows a cratered area to the southeast of the ExoMars 2020 Rosalind Franklin rover landing site at Oxia Planum*. Selecting and characterizing landing sites is a balance between having science targets and avoiding potential obstacles, and HiRISE is used for both purposes. *NOTE: The specific area in this clip is called Oxia Planum, a name the International Astronomical Union just added to the official nomenclature on 17 May 2019. It is still within the Oxia Palus region, so the original title has been kept. (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km. For images with scale bars, refer to the link below.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://www.uahirise.org/ESP_060015_1980

Enterprising viewers will make the discovery that these natural features on Mars look conspicuously like a famous logo. (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km. For images with scale bars, refer to the link below.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://www.uahirise.org/ESP_059708_1305

The Martian surface in this image looks wavy, like that of the sea. What might be the cause of these undulations? (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km. For images with scale bars, refer to the link below.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://uahirise.org/ESP_057092_1770

The shape and form of the deposits in the ejecta blanket can tell us about the condition of the ground when the impact crater was formed. (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km. For images with scale bars, see the link below.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://uahirise.org/ESP_057013_2045

Renaudot Crater (Mars) is about 64 kilometers in diameter, where in addition to the dunes on the floor, along its walls are evidence of old glaciers. It was named after after Gabrielle Renaudot Flammarion (31 May 1877 – 28 October 1962) a French astronomer. Music: Mind And Eye Journey by Emily A. Sprague NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://www.uahirise.org/ESP_027665_2225

HiRISE commonly takes images of recent craters on Mars, which are usually found by the MRO Context Camera where they disturb surface dust. (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km. For images with scale, refer to the below link.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://uahirise.org/ESP_059329_2095

This image shows a small landslide in Iani Chaos. Landslides are common on Mars where there are steep slopes, including this area where there are numerous mounds and hills. (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km. For images with scale, refer to the link below.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://www.uahirise.org/ESP_058960_1800

A section of the southwestern portion of Melas Chasma, a canyon on Mars, and the widest segment of the Valles Marineris system. Melas Chasma might have once held a lake of fluctuating levels. NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://www.uahirise.org/ESP_012216_1705 Music: At the Foot of the Sphinx by Twin Musicom is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Artist: http://www.twinmusicom.org/

This striking image is part of a new monitoring series to track changes on the surface of Mars. (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://www.uahirise.org/ESP_058900_2595

Sometimes, resistance is *not* futile. (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://www.uahirise.org/ESP_058635_1940

Sometimes Mars’ surface is just beautiful as seen through the eyes of HiRISE. (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Enhanced color images are 1 km across. For scale bars and full images, see the below link.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://www.uahirise.org/ESP_058593_1710

HiRISE has often imaged inside Kaiser Crater to monitor active sand dunes and gullies. Surrounding these dunes, we often find clean bedrock exposures, because the actively moving sand clears off the dust. (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km. For scale bars, use to the link below.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://www.uahirise.org/ESP_058616_1330

Steep slopes on Mars have active landslides (also called “mass wasting”), and here we see evidence for two types of activity. (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km. For images with scale bars, see the link below.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://www.uahirise.org/ESP_058571_1965

We’ve also seen large new dust avalanches associated with new impacts at previous locations on Mars. Say, isn’t that the House Stark banner from “Game of Thrones”? (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://www.uahirise.org/ESP_058514_2140

The sizes and densities of impact craters provide an estimate for the age of the landscape. (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://uahirise.org/ESP_058600_0990

HiRISE reveals small-scale shapes that often correlate with mineral units and provides information about stratigraphy (i.e., what's on top and relative ages). This image was acquired for co-analysis with a spectrometer instrument also on our spacecraft called CRISM (Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars). (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://uahirise.org/ESP_058610_1515

The Martian south polar residual cap of carbon dioxide ice rapidly changes, and our comparison images show just how much. (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://uahirise.org/ESP_058515_0955

This image captures some of the geologic diversity of Mars. There are hills of ancient terrains on the floor of Juventae Chasma, surrounded by younger sediments, including dark sand sheets and dunes that are likely active today. (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://uahirise.org/ESP_058566_1760

This image is entirely over an extensive central peak complex within Hale Crater. (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km. For images with scale bars, refer to the link below.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://uahirise.org/ESP_058618_1445

This image was acquired in Ius Chasma, a major section of the giant Valles Marineris trough. (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km. For images with scale bars, refer to the link below.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://uahirise.org/ESP_058580_1720

The south polar layered deposits are icy layers that have been deposited over millions of years on Mars. (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://uahirise.org/ESP_058538_0960

A puzzle in Mars science is learning if gullies form in the same geologic eras and by the same methods. (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://uahirise.org/ESP_058399_1415

You are staring at one of the unsolved mysteries on Mars. Prepare to have your mind blown! (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km. For images with scale bars, consult the link below.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://uahirise.org/ESP_058008_2225

The hills in this image were created from uplifted rocks after an impact. This is within Galle Crater on Mars. (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km. For images with scale bars, consult the link below.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://uahirise.org/ESP_058196_1280

Mawrth Vallis has fascinated scientists because of the clays and other hydrated minerals detected from orbit. (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://uahirise.org/ESP_058749_2060

Mineral diversity is the feature of this image of a crater in Ladon Basin (Mars). (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://uahirise.org/ESP_058565_1620

The power of HiRISE shows how needed it is when missions are planning to land rovers or, eventually, personnel on the surface. This image shows the bottom of an impact crater located between Isidis Planitia in the north and Hellas Planitia in the south. (Less than 1 km top to bottom and north is to the left. This is a non-narrated clip.) Music: Rolling Hills by Sir Cubworth (Used by permission.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://www.uahirise.org/ESP_047721_1700

This part of Melas Chasma (Mars) has been the target for many previous HiRISE images due to its diversity of terrains and materials. (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://uahirise.org/ESP_058527_1695

Dust devils on Mars often create long, dark markings where they pull a thin coat of dust off the surface. (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://uahirise.org/ESP_058427_1080

Rather than a single impact crater, we see multiple impacts like a shotgun blast, suggesting that the impactor broke up in the atmosphere on entry. (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://uahirise.org/ESP_057984_1490

The ancient lava in this image appears to have flowed smoothly around obstructions, almost like water, forming streamlined islands. (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://uahirise.org/ESP_057978_1875

The ripples in the sand tell us which way the wind was moving and how it was diverted around these rock formations. (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://uahirise.org/ESP_057930_1720

The orientation of these dunes tell us the direction of the prevailing wind. (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://uahirise.org/ESP_057071_1890

The geologic history of a planet is written in its layers. (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://uahirise.org/ESP_057970_1645

This image features the central uplift a crater near Mawrth Vallis, a region of Mars that has always been mysterious to scientists. Mawrth is the boundary between the southern highlands and northern lowlands of Mars. It is a place where the entire planet suddenly drops in elevation. Music: “Meditation Impromptu 01” by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Source: http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-free/index.html?isrc=USUAN1100163 Artist: http://incompetech.com/

Impact cratering allows scientists to study the bedrock of Mars that normally lies under a coating of red-colored dust. (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://uahirise.org/ESP_057866_1670

Dune shape depends on several factors, including the amount of sand present and the local wind directions. (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://uahirise.org/ESP_057903_1390

This image shows a cross-section of a complex crater in Terra Cimmeria, Mars, with plenty of interesting features to study. (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://uahirise.org/ESP_058057_1465

This image shows a new impact crater that formed between July and September 2018 near the South Pole of Mars. (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://uahirise.org/ESP_057152_0985

Gullies on Mars probably formed along the bouldery layers in the upper slopes of this unnamed crater within the last few million years. (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona https://uahirise.org/ESP_057450_1410

Similar regions observed by the THEMIS instrument onboard Mars Odyssey have proven interesting, revealing dunes and bedrock. Our higher resolution gives us a closer look. This image is in the southwestern portion of the impact crater, which is about 15 kilometers in diameter. Audio: “Vespers” by Topher Mohr and Alex Elena (used by permission). NASA/JPL/University of Arizona (275 km above the surface, less than 1 km top to bottom and north is to the right. Source: https://www.uahirise.org/ESP_023766_1905

This pock-marked terrain is within a large impact crater that is side-by-side with another crater. This image is located to northwest of the Hellas impact basin in the southern latitudes of Mars. Music: “Strange Ways” by Silent Partner (used by permission). NASA/JPL/University of Arizona (256 km above the surface, less than 5 km across.) Source: https://www.uahirise.org/ESP_037516_1550

Claritas Fossae is a densely-dissected highland terrain on the Tharsis Rise of Mars, located immediately south of the Tharsis Montes. The fossae of this region are many superposed swarms of graben (depressions that run parallel along faults.) Music: “Invariance” by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Source: http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-free/index.html?isrc=USUAN1100847 Artist: http://incompetech.com/ NASA/JPL/University of Arizona (248 km above the surface, less than 5 km across.) Source: https://www.uahirise.org/ESP_023689_1530