UNIVERSE TODAY

The Earth’s atmosphere keeps us safe from the harsh environment of space, but it also obscures our view into the cosmos. No matter how powerful a telescope you build, the turbulence of the atmosphere limits your resolution. But astronomers and engineers have an amazing technology that allows a telescope to peer into space as if the atmosphere isn’t even there, producing images from here on the ground which are as sharp and clear as if the telescope was out in space. It’s called adaptive optics, and we’re now at the point where the most powerful ground-based telescopes have matched and even exceeded the capability of space telescopes. Learn about Adaptive Optics on Next Generation Telescopes https://arxiv.org/pdf/1808.02693.pdf Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 References: https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso1824/ https://www.eso.org/public/images/eso1824c/ https://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso1824b/ https://www.eso.org/public/images/comparisons/eso1824a/ http://hoffman.cm.utexas.edu/courses/History_AO_Max.pdf https://arxiv.org/pdf/1808.02454.pdf https://arxiv.org/pdf/1808.02693.pdf https://www.eso.org/public/images/eso1731a/ https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/eris/ https://arxiv.org/pdf/1808.02693.pdf

In this week's questions show, I wonder what would happen if SpaceX failed as a company, why New Horizons can't search for Planet 9, and I ask for your suggestions for new names to call dark matter and dark energy. Here's a link to that Oort Cloud CMB study https://twitter.com/fcain/status/1025184486206726145 Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001

Professor Avi Loeb is one of the hardest working astrophysicists in the field, writing a blistering number of academic papers on fascinating topics like the Fermi Paradox, the habitability of other worlds, black holes, and the history of the early universe. He's also one of the people working on the Breakthrough Starshot project to send tiny probes to other star systems. https://www.cfa.harvard.edu/~loeb/

This week I'm joined by sci-fi author and futurist David Brin. He's best known for the Uplift Stories, and other sci-fi novels, but he's been active in space science, sitting on the board of NASA's Innovative and Advanced Concepts awards. Here's the link that David mentioned about lifting the Earth. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ai8x-ZqjXPc

My live guest this week will be Professor Brad Peterson, from Ohio State University. In addition to his professoring duties, Dr. Peterson is the Community Chair of the Science and Technology Definition Team for the Large Ultraviolet Optical and Infrared Surveyor (LUVOIR). We'll talk all about the plans for this massive space telescope, the true successor to the Hubble Space Telescope.

Join me and Cory Schmitz from Photographing Space for a livestream of Friday's total lunar eclipse. Cory is perfectly positioned in South Africa for a great view of the Moon throughout the entire lunar eclipse. We'll also be joined by other special guests to talk all things space and astronomy, to enjoy this spectacle together.

In this week's QA, I explain why dark matter is really a thing, and not just some made up thing by evil astronomers. How event horizons flatten out when they spin, what kind of scientist I'd want to be, and if you could build a ladder to space.

Join me for a live hour of QA.

Astronomers have finally solved one of the outstanding mysteries in cosmology. Forget about all the dark matter and dark energy, where’s all the missing regular mass in the Universe? This has been called the “missing baryon problem”. They’ve been chipping away at the problem, finding missing matter in the vast gulfs between galaxies, and in the last few months, a team of astronomers have finally found the outstanding missing matter. Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 References: https://science.nasa.gov/astrophysics/focus-areas/what-is-dark-energy https://wmap.gsfc.nasa.gov/universe/uni_matter.html http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/XMM-Newton_finds_missing_intergalactic_material/(print) https://www.theguardian.com/science/2017/oct/12/astronomers-find-half-of-the-missing-matter-in-the-universe https://arxiv.org/abs/1709.10378v1 https://arxiv.org/abs/1709.05024 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0204-1 https://www.cfa.harvard.edu/news/2018-10

In this week's question's show, I answer what would happen if the Milky Way lost its supermassive black hole, why can't you spiral stuff into the Sun, why do we assume life breathes oxygen? Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001

Until we learned to properly navigate our way across the oceans, early explorers were fearful to lose sight of land in case they’d be lost at sea. They learned to use the water currents, winds, movements of birds and of course, the positions of the Sun, the Moon and the stars to find their way across the seas to distant lands. As we learned to launch spacecraft into orbit and out into the Solar System, mission planners needed to develop entirely new methods of navigation. Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 References: https://history.nasa.gov/computers/Ch2-7.html https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/news/Sextant_ISS https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2018/nasa-tests-atomic-clock-for-deep-space-navigation https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2018/nasa-team-first-to-demonstrate-x-ray-navigation-in-space

In this week's episode, I explain why you can't just calculate the position of Planet 9, why we don't use parachutes to retrieve boosters, and if we can wait 100 million years to see the Great Attractor. Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001

For the first time ever, astronomers have captured a direct image of a newly forming planet orbiting around a newly forming star. It’s a stunning photograph, not only for the science and what was observed, but what it means the future of exoplanetary astronomy. Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 References: http://www.eso.org/public/news/eso1821/ https://www.naoj.org/Pressrelease/2012/11/08/index.html https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso1523/ https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso1538/ https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso1640/ https://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/paranal/instruments/sphere/inst.html https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/sphere/?lang

Join me for an hour of live QA to talk about whatever cool new space news is happening.

Rocket launches are expensive. Even with huge price drops from SpaceX and other New Space companies, there’s no cheap way to get stuff down here in Earth’s gravity well up to low Earth orbit. In order to really survive and thrive in space, we’ve got to learn to live off the land, to acquire the resources in space that will allow us to survive… in space. We’ve got to learn to turn those raw materials into forms we need: fuel, breathable air, water, construction materials, and eventually even finished goods like rocket parts and electronics. Download 3D models from NASA https://nasa3d.arc.nasa.gov/ Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 References https://www.quora.com/Rockets-What-is-cost-of-sending-1-kg-weight-into-space https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/nextstep-2-isru-baa-industry-forum_11dec2017_0.pdf http://www.planetary.org/blogs/emily-lakdawalla/2017/1207-koreas-first-lunar-mission.html https://www.space.com/40400-planetary-resources-asteroid-mining-satellite-mission-accomplished.html https://www.planetaryresources.com/missions/arkyd-6/ http://deepspaceindustries.com/dsi-raises-3-5m-series-a/ https://insights.globalspec.com/article/8323/harvesting-near-earth-asteroids-to-fuel-human-expansion-into-space https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/spacetech/centennial_challenges/regolith/index.html https://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/mission/instruments/moxie/ https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/news/3Dratchet_wrench/ http://madeinspace.us/ https://nasa3d.arc.nasa.gov/ http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Engineering_Technology/Building_a_lunar_base_with_3D_printing https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OU9Ek3UgZaw https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/nmp/ds1/tech/scarlet.html http://www.travisdeyle.com/files/publications/PV_TermPaper.pdf https://sbir.nasa.gov/SBIR/successes/ss/3-090text.html

In this week's questions show, I answer if it's a good idea to build a space internet, if microbes reach Mars, will they evolve into something new, where could we go after Mars, and more. Idea to save Spirit and Opportunity https://medium.com/starts-with-a-bang/mars-opportunity-and-spirit-rovers-could-have-lived-practically-forever-with-one-tiny-change-662b5321ec87 Stars Shine for Everyone https://universe2go.com/en/stars-shine-for-everyone-what-can-you-do/ 00:22 Space internet? 03:03 Evolving Mars microbes 04:26 After colonizing Mars? 05:38 Space telescope at Uranus? 07:15 No broom for Opportunity? 09:10 Why indulge trolls? 11:03 Seeing the Earth spin 12:13 Flying disk to Mars? 14:22 Core of the Milky Way? 15:52 Jamaica Telescope? 18:06 Proxima Centuri gravitational lens? Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001

This week I'm joined by my Astronomy Cast co-host Dr. Pamela Gay to talk about all things astronomy, and casting.

In this week's QA, I present real pictures of the whole Earth, not some fake CGI, and wonder if Jupiter could be used as a gravitational lens for a space telescope. https://epic.gsfc.nasa.gov/ http://electro.ntsomz.ru/en/ https://china.huanqiu.com/article/2018-06/12257903.html 00:28 Real pictures of Earth? 02:37 Build a mega telescope in space? 03:29 Catching the Voyagers 04:44 Jupiter gravitational lens 06:42 Is Opportunity going to make it? 07:44 YouTube Red? 08:16 Born too late? 10:17 Colonizing Mars will be tough 12:03 Different sized stars 13:32 Self aware universe 14:54 Light pollution map 15:36 A light year finglonger Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001

Hey everyone, I'm going to be doing a Live Q&A today. No guest this week, so it'll just be me.

In this week's questions show, I explain how we now where gravitational waves are coming from, will there be planets around a white dwarf, what does it feel like where the space station is getting boosted, and if I'm an arrogant fool. 01:11 Gravitational wave directions 03:36 White dwarf planets 04:59 Antimatter farts 05:45 Our time in the Universe 07:51 Boosting the space station 08:57 Why am I an arrogant fool 12:06 Why do stars and planets look the same 15:05 Can the Grand Tour happen again 16:48 Best place for Martian fossils 18:45 Getting into astrophotography 22:46 Space dogfighting 25:08 Put Hubble in a museum Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001

The Hubble Space Telescope has been in space for 28 years, producing some of the most beautiful and scientifically important images of the cosmos that humanity has ever taken. But let’s face it, Hubble is getting old, and it probably won’t be with us for too much longer. NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope is in the final stages of testing, and WFIRST is waiting in the wings. You’ll be glad to know there are even more space telescopes in the works, a set of four powerful instruments in design right now, which will be part of the next Decadal Survey, and helping to answer the most fundamental questions about the cosmos. Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 References: https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/system/downloadable_items/784_Planetary_Science_Decadal_2013-2022.pdf https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/resources/2130/coronagraph-explanation-2-minutes/ http://www.eso.org/public/news/eso1417/ https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/news/1407/new-planet-imager-delivers-first-science/ https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/news/1404/a-four-planet-system-in-orbit-directly-imaged-and-remarkable/ https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/resources/1015/flower-power-nasa-reveals-spring-starshade-animation/ https://wwwastro.msfc.nasa.gov/lynx/ http://sci.esa.int/cosmic-vision/55111-the-hot-and-energetic-universe/ https://asd.gsfc.nasa.gov/firs/ https://asd.gsfc.nasa.gov/luvoir/

For this week's live QA, I'll be joined by Dr. Nicole Gugliucci, a professor and radio astronomer. You can find out more about her on Twitter at https://twitter.com/NoisyAstronomer

Space is the worst. It’s got hostile radiation, a total lack of atmosphere, near absolute zero temperatures, problematic gravity wells, and worse. In order to keep your spacecraft alive in that environment, you need electricity to keep it warm. Not to mention all the power to run scientific instruments and the transmitters to send that data home. Getting enough power in space is a big problem. Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 References: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/structure/elements/solar_arrays-about.html http://www.esa.int/spaceinimages/Images/2018/05/30_efficiency_solar_cell https://mars.nasa.gov/mer/technology/is_severe_environments.html https://www.allaboutcircuits.com/news/voyager-mission-anniversary-rtg-radioisotope-thermoelectric-generator/ https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?feature=4818 https://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=distance+to+voyager+1+in+light+hours https://voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/mission/spacecraft/instruments/rtg/ https://mars.nasa.gov/files/mep/MMRTG_Jan2008.pdf https://www.theverge.com/2018/3/19/17138924/nasa-discovery-program-radioisotope-thermoelectric-generators-plutonium-238 http://spaceref.com/news/viewsr.html?pid=51241 http://www.businessinsider.com/nuclear-powered-satellites-space-2016-3 https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/ns_kilopower_fs_180111.pdf http://www.nnl.co.uk/media/1921/nnl-tech-conference-15-fcs-zara-hodgson.pdf http://fly.historicwings.com/2013/01/the-nuclear-disaster-of-kosmos-954/ https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/spacetech/kilopower/

In this week's questions show, I talk about entry level telescopes, why we can see galaxies billions of light years away but not objects on the Moon, and why events that won't happen billions of years into the future still make us kind of sad. 00:40 Good starter telescope 02:10 Is Fraser ignorant or stupid?! 02:45 Why can't we zoom into the Moon? 05:23 Mysteriously unsubscribed from the channel 06:22 Orbit first or land directly? 07:56 How does laser propulsion work? 09:55 Is the Universe practically finite? 10:51 Stop saying anything's impossible. 12:26 Interstellar civilization is impractical. 14:49 Deep future makes me sad. 17:15 Will Laniakea be in our Local Group? 18:39 Are we still trapped if we invent warp drives? Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001

This time Dr. Paul Sutter and I will be traveling to the wilds of Costa Rica to see volcanoes, wildlife, and of course, a stunning night sky. Find out more about the trip and put in your deposit here: https://www.astrotours.co/costarica

Paul was busy last week, but now he's ready to join me for an hour answering your mind bending questions about space and astronomy. Bring all your complex questions about dark matter, black holes and the Big Bang and he'll sort it all out. Check out Paul's channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCBr7XOxxQyBHEwqkhoci7vw

Humans are believed to be the most technologically advanced civilization that’s ever set foot on Earth, or really anywhere in the Solar System. But are we the first? Could there have been an advanced civilization that walked the Earth millions or even billions of years ago, and then died out long ago, their technology and structures lost to the eons. And how could we know? Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 References: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1704.07263.pdf https://arxiv.org/pdf/1804.03748.pdf https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2018/04/are-we-earths-only-civilization/557180/ https://arxiv.org/pdf/1111.1212.pdf

In this week's questions show, astronaut Mike Massimino answers a question about astronaut training, I wonder how we could survive if the Sun dies, and explain why the shuttle's fuel tank was orange. Watch the full interview with Mike Massimino on the Weekly Space Hangout: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F20jl3XTArM Buy Mike's book: https://www.amazon.com/Spaceman-Astronauts-Unlikely-Journey-Universe/dp/1536629243 Watch One Strange Rock: http://channel.nationalgeographic.com/one-strange-rock/ Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 Emma Dogtuin Can we still live if the sun dies? Nicholas Bolding Let's assume something catastrophic happens and essentially stops any and all supply missions to the ISS how long approximately could they live for? And what would happen first, asphyxiation, starvation, thirst or something else? Richard Price Hi again Fraser, I've asked you this before but you may not have seen it, why was the main fuel tank on the first launch of the space shuttle white and why did it change to the brown colour later on? This has been bugging me for years! Great channel by the way.....thanks. Lluís Teixidó How big was the Universe before the Cosmic MIcrowave Background? (aprox. 380.000 years after the Big Bang?). How come we constantly get photons from that moment? Shouldn't we expect to see a stop of the flow of photons from the moment the universe became transparent some time in the future? PossibleCinema I`m wondering what do you think about the moral/ethical implications of our species conducting a self-induced panspermia by, for example, sending thousands of probes with organic materials to exoplanets with known habitable zones, in order to potentially kickstart life there? If plausible, what do you think about this type of impregnation of the universe by us? Such "pollution" is bad when you look for other examples of life but what about giving a better chance for life to thrive, taking the next billions of years into the account? Keep up the great work! Thanks! Connor Paller You’re just feeding flat earthers. They’ll take so much of this so far out of context it’s not even funny Gabriel R The planets travel on a flattish disk but I’ve seen the Oort Cloud portrayed as Spherical. Why the difference of shape? boycot gugle Question: When there is an active galactic nucleus/quasar with lots of stuff falling in and piling up, will the layers closest to the black hole be made up of neutronium or even "quark star core matter", if that exists? Will layers a bit further out do nuclear fusion? Evolution Inc. Hey, I recently listened to Ringworld, and I'm just wondering, is such a large structure possible to build, and if we could, would it be stable? Astro B Hi Fraser 🙂 You often talk about moving Heavy Industry into space to cut polution and damage on Earth. Surely this is unachievable because of the huge difficulty of moving heavy stuff out of Earth's gravity well. Guest Question Grant Lanning Do we even have trained astronauts for lunar or mars missions? By this I mean astronauts with geology and structural engineering backgrounds to study this new environments to make the paths for future more experimental based scientific astronauts. This was kind of the error we made before when going to the moon, we sent test pilots, who were incredibly brave and I don't want to sound like I'm putting what they did down in any sense, but what more could we have learned had the first man to walk on the moon been a geologists or any kind of planetary scientist instead.

In my opinion, Eric Berger (aka @sciguyspace) is one of the top journalists working on stories about spaceflight, especially SpaceX, Blue Origins and NASA. Eric will join me live to answer your questions about the state of private and public space exploration. Check out his Twitter feed to see more of his coverage: https://twitter.com/SciGuySpace

The observable Universe is finite, which means there are limits to what we can see, now and deep into the future. Dr. Paul Sutter joins Fraser to talk about the various cosmological horizons that surround us. Check out Paul's channel here: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCBr7XOxxQyBHEwqkhoci7vw Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001

I was originally going to have Dr. Paul Sutter here as a guest this week, but something came up, so I'll be solo. Come join me live to talk about what's happening in space and astronomy.

In this week's questions show, the viewers try to suggest names for balloon rockets. Could live from Venus escaped to Earth? Is the Fermi Paradox really a paradox when we've only explored a little bit of the galaxy? And More Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 Omar Ismail Hi Fraiser. Do you think its possible for intelligent life to have started out on venus when the sun was cooler and it had liquid water and as it heated up been forced to move to earth as the runaway greenhouse effect took hold and theres no remnants of it coz of the pressure and heat? YX Yang Come on, you can’t just call it a paradox when you only examined 0.000017% of the galaxy. Jim Becker Fraser: I just read your article in Universe Today titled "Breathing lunar dust could give astronauts bronchitis and even lung cancer" and would like to know if those same conditions could cause problems for astronauts that go to Mars ? Rudi von Staden Why not have caesar dock with ISS to return the sample? Seems having the sample packaged in a separate reentry vehicle is both risky and expensive. Or would the physics of matching the velocities of caesar and the ISS be too complicated? Michael Arsenault Can we grab asteroids and bring them back to earth for a controlled entry to a desert somewhere? Or is this too dangerous due to contamination of the atmosphere? Roxane Urmanski I really love your Q&A episodes; I learn all sorts of things I've never thought of. Anyways, of all the videos I've seen about humans living on Mars, I don't think it's ever been mentioned that they need some sort of plan for the moons. What will happen when Diemos leaves and Phobos smashes into Mars? eric thatcher Hi Fraser, Great vids as usual. If we wanted to terraform Venues using an asteroid to create a global winter how big would it need to be. Also might need to speed up it rotation to create an earth like environment. White Dinosaur Why not launch from a high mountain ? ozdergecko Yesterday (!) Greg&Mitch (ASAPscience) gave the actual estimated numbers on incoming and outgoing matter. It's 40,000 metric tons in and 95,000 out. Twirlip Of The Mists I don't get the interest in lava tubes. More work and more exotic technology are needed than just digging a trench, dropping a hab into the trench, and covering the trench. Even a gigantic trench is easier. Safer, too. Lava tubes will make good short term (weeks, months) campsites for explorers who can't bring bulldozers. Better to build permanent sites from scratch. Star Butterfly How far does gravity reach? Am i correct to believe it's infinite? Say we had an empty non moving universe. If we were to place two galaxies say 20 billion light years apart with no motion in relation to one another would they eventually over billions or trillions of years drift closer together? Casey Chapman Finally... It’s good to hear someone else state what I’ve been saying for years! Why spend all the effort climbing out of your home gravity well, just to throw yourself into another, probably less hospitable one?!? You want humanity to spread out, start mass production of O’Neil cylinders with material mind from the moon and asteroids. I figure that that’ll give us a better backup than planting bucketloads of people on Mars. Go to Mars, to explore and search for signs of past or present life, but do it from orbit using telepresence. Hell, build a giant spacecraft with a rotating section, a NIRVA or VASIMR engine and a few hundred scientists aboard to explore the entire solar system... it’s five year mission to seek out new life and new civi... (ummm comets?) to boldly go were on one has gone before! (Except a few robotic missions of course!) Sorry... geek moment.

People always ask me why we’re stuck with chemical rockets. Seriously, exploding a bunch of hydrogen or kerosene is the best we can do? Good news, there are other, exotic science fiction-sounding propulsion systems out there which use electromagnetic fields to accelerate atoms, allowing their spacecraft to accelerate for months at a time. I’m talking about ion engines, of course, and several spacecraft have already used these exotic thrusters to perform some of the most amazing missions in the exploration of the Solar System. Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 References: http://www.spacex.com/falcon9 https://www.nasa.gov/centers/glenn/technology/Ion_Propulsion1.html https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?feature=272 https://www.space.com/38444-mars-thruster-design-breaks-records.html http://m.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Engineering_Technology/World-first_firing_of_air-breathing_electric_thruster

This week I'll be joined by Dr. Alan Stern and Dr. David Grinspoon, the co-authors of "Chasing New Horizons: Inside the Epic First Mission to Pluto". Join us live and ask them your questions about the New Horizons Mission and Pluto.

When we look out into space, are we really just seeing stars, planets and galaxies which are long dead, ghosts from eons ago? Can black holes consume dark matter? Can we repair Kepler and other dead satellites, and more. Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001

President Trump recently called for the creation of a space force to deal with the future warfighting in space. It turns out, this already exists, space is already well militarized. Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001

Time for another live QA event, this time with sci-fi author and futurist John Michael Godier. Check out JMG's channel here: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEszlI8-W79IsU8LSAiRbDg Join us live, ask us your questions about space, astronomy and the future that awaits us all.

In this week's questions show, Fraser wonders if lava tubes are stable, the best places to extract resources from the Solar System, and why the US has to pay for everyone's science. Emily Lakdawalla's Blog http://www.planetary.org/blogs/emily-lakdawalla/ Book link https://www.amazon.com/Design-Engineering-Curiosity-Performs-Springer/dp/3319681443/ Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 SnowToad MY TWO FAVORITE SPACE CHANNELS! Clim hazzard Are lava tubes generally considered to be stable enough for something like a colony? Would they need to be reinforced? Yassen2828 Hey Fraser! How likely is it for a rogue planet not bound to a star to intersect our solar system without us detecting it? cliff marsden Couldn't we use a massive lifting balloon filled with hydrogen to get spacecraft high into the atmosphere, then use the hydrogen as fuel for the next stage to leave Earth Disasterina What is the easiest place in the solar system from which to extract resources? The Venusian clouds, the lunar regolith, the Martian polar caps, you get the idea. A Knight that says Nee I've heard that our planet is gaining weight every year, due to asteroids. Is this true, and what is the consequences? Besides never getting a date, married, and thus, no rings. Jim Becker Fraser: I was watching part of your telecast titled "Astronomy Cast 488: Dark Energy, 2018 Edition" and I have to ask "why does it seem that it is up to the U.S. to pay for all (90%) of these telescopes and research tools looking for things that the World scientist seem to want ? It seemed like I kept hearing "well Trump blocked this or Trump doesn't want that", why can't the rest of the world pay for their share of the research tools ? HeadlessHorsemanMC Hey Frazier why do you seem to only talk about space x and not blue origin? Peter Van Gemert Deep Space Gateway is a rip off-for the US tax-payer. This thing serves no purpose. Go to Mars. Stop wasting time and money. Mosern1977 Question that popped into brain: What powers the enormous storms on Jupiter - the entire planet is a giant storm, where is the power to run that coming from? RhetoricalQuestion Does curiosity send back raw data or it processes and identify the minerals before sending back?

The European Space Agency just dropped an enormous amount of data onto the scientific community. The location and position of 1.7 billion stars in the Milky Way. Sign up to my weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 References: http://sci.esa.int/gaia/60169-gaia-s-sky-in-colour/ http://sci.esa.int/gaia/58209-gaia-s-first-sky-map/ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bZfFdCknTQc https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rgE3bHLFqOw https://m.esa.int/spaceinimages/Images/2018/04/Rotation_of_the_Large_Magellanic_Cloud2

Since you seem to be enjoying these, I've scheduled another live event for Monday. This week's guest will be CodyDon Reeder from the amazing channel Cody's Lab. Check out Cody's channel, and prepare your questions for him: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCu6mSoMNzHQiBIOCkHUa2Aw If you can't attend live, I just want to remind you that I make these available as podcasts. You can subscribe by going to: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 Or subscribe with: https://www.universetoday.com/audio.xml

In this week's episode, Fraser talks about how you can support the creators you love, why NASA doesn't make duplicates of its spacecraft, and what binoculars he's using. Astronomy Binoculars: https://www.celestron.com/collections/astronomy-binoculars Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 GURU OF TECHNOLOGIES You make awesome videos but why you have very less subscriber.....I think you must have more subscribers ..🙁😉😁 Basile Collard @Fraser Cain Why do NASA never launch multiple time the same satellite/space telescope? It look like they develop everything from the ground up each time :/ Jo Thi Hi Fraser, you mentioned your binoculars are 15x70. What's the brand/model? Jordan SA Why is repairing the reaction wheels not an option? Mt Drew Habitable exoplanets we find today may not be habitable NOW. Some are thousands of light years away and a lot could've happened by the time its light reaches us 🙁 Eric Drafahl Great video! Is TESS going to use gyroscopes to reorient itself or another mechanism? Marijn fly What about exo-sunspots? How can they tell these apart from transiting planets? Charles E Bright Hello love this channel and I have learned alot. When do you believe when we will get the first clear picture of a planet outside our solar system? Christopher Blackman Hi Fraser. How feasible is it that a probe could hitch a ride on Halley's Comet in 2062 (if we're still here then)? Or would it even be worth trying? Thanks eric thatcher Hi Fraser love the video's. In the 80's cartoon Thundar the Barbarian a run away asteroid passes between earth and the moon and causes world havoc could this really happen? Cadeyrn Dragheim I have a question, could there be another galaxy really close to us that might hit us in the next 100 million or so ye

You've been asking for it, so let's do a live conversation with my sometimes collaborator, Isaac Arthur. We'll chat about the future and answer your questions about space, astronomy and human's future in space. Isaac Arthur's YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCZFipeZtQM5CKUjx6grh54g Website: https://www.isaacarthur.net/ Centauri Dreams: https://www.centauri-dreams.org/ Podcast Edition: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 Or subscribe with: https://www.universetoday.com/audio.xml

In this week's questions show, Fraser gets excited about the NIAC awards, considers how NASA will deal with a fully operational BFR, and a special guest answer from Professor David Kipping from Columbia University's Cool Worlds lab. Subscribe to Cool Worlds https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCGHZpIpAWJQ-Jy_CeCdXhMA Astrobites - https://astrobites.org/ Astro-ph - https://arxiv.org/archive/astro-ph/Astrophysics Sign up for my weekly email newsletter at: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 JanJorre Laurens Hi Fraser, Thanks for all the hard work and great show. I just had a random question and thought of you: Recently, astrophysics discovered that a lot of the really heavy elements (for example gold) are created in neutron star collisions (if memory serves). Could a potential solution to the fermi paradox be that there havent been enough of these collisions for earlier civilisations to have been able to discover / invent space technologies? I.e. gold can be very usefull in electronics. Maybe earlier civilisations didnt have the materials needed to reach the electronic age and are stuck in an earlier age due to a lack of resources / elements on the home planet? Steven Utter The laaava. You say it as if you're about to say Llama. Taner Ali I think it will be awesome if you make a video (or two) about the 2018 NASA Innovative Advanced Concepts awards. They are always very interesting and you manage to convey complex information very well, keep up the good work and thanks! Predrag Bubalo If there are open vents and geysers of water breaking through the surface on Europa, why the need to drill through the kilometres of ice? Couldn't the probes gain access to the water through these vents and geysers? Jeffrey Gould Hello Fraser,Since some white dwarfs and neutron stars have been found to spin at incredible speeds, I was wondering if they may come close to flinging anything off their equator, or even cancelling a significant fraction of their own tremendous gravity at the surface. Is this even possible within our laws of physics? Mighty13 Don't know how NASA will respond if an innovative project such as BFR really comes to life. Bryan Blatz Fraser, why the green screen nature background and piped in nature noises? Would an astronomical background be more appropriate? Guybrush Threepwood Hi Fraser, how big was the observable universe before the Big Bang? Lesley B HI Fraser, I like your channel a lot. I have a question. What will happen to Jupiter when it stops being active? Will it loose it's atmosphere? will there be a surface? What will it look like? Greetings Lesley. Locut0s Do you ever feel you live both at the best and worst time in human history in terms of space exploration, and cosmology? I feel we have picked a lot of the low hanging fruit and that despite there still being much more amazement to come, we are now looking at missions, probes, telescopes, and physics experiments that require more and more funding and longer and longer planning. At the speed of progress of other technologies like the advancements in AI, materials science, biology etc, I can only imagine where we will be at the end of my life. But by comparison many missions and new promising probes, telescopes etc, take 20 to 30+ years to come to fruition. This can seem disheartening at times. ferusgratia Hey Fraser! Thanks to all the work you and Youtubers like you do, I feel like I have a much better grasp of space and to some extent Cosmology. That said it's been a bit since I've had my mind blown by some new fact. I think I'm ready to delve into materials that would be hard to cover on Youtube, but I don't think I'm ready for hardcore scientific journals. Do you know of any good "middle ground" resources? Thanks! Alpha581 Love your videos as always.I have an interesting question for you.Assuming that the universe is infinite and you travel far enough will you eventually meet an exact copy of Earth and humans by random coincidence? Norman1951 Norman Fraser QUESTION: What percentage of exoplanetary systems align with earth in such away that their orbital planes pass across their star's disk as seen from earth? I can't imagine that it would be very high. Great show.

We’re now entering the final days for NASA’s Kepler Space Telescope. It’s running out of fuel and already crippled by the loss of its reaction wheels. In just a few months NASA will shut it down for good. That is sad, but don’t worry, NASA’s next planet hunting spacecraft, the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Telescope is on the launchpad and ready to fly to space to take over where Kepler left off. Finding Earth-sized worlds in the Milky Way. Sign up to my weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 References: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/kepler/main/index.html https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/kepler/overview/index.html https://www.nasa.gov/feature/ames/nasa-s-kepler-spacecraft-nearing-the-end-as-fuel-runs-low https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q4KjvPIbgMI https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=evHF_mnIdj4 https://www.nasa.gov/content/about-tess/ https://tess.gsfc.nasa.gov/instrument.html https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-AIbD2WxyN8&t

I bring back the mildly popular live QA stream, where I answer questions live from the audience. In this week's episode, we talked about the TESS Launch delay, books, movies, sci-fi and games I like, and how 2001 freaked me out as a kid.

In this week's questions show, Fraser explains how space debris hunting satellites could also be used as weapons, why his green screen is always set to Endor, and ways to find nearby places for stargazing. Check out the Dark Sky Finder http://darksitefinder.com/map/ Sign up for my weekly email newsletter at: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 Alpha581 Hi Fraser,we know that the moon's gravity pull on Earth's oceans which causes tides but my question is does the moon also pull on Earth's atmosphere? Christian McCracken Is there a website which will tell me the best area near me for stargazing? Yakov - Bargal Analytical Instruments Hi Fraser. You think that if one country, lets say China, will decide to put huge sattelite with laser to clear LEO from debris, other countries will alow it? It is a game changing weapon after all. Dani Filth Hey Fraser if Hawking could have lived a couple of months again he would have seen what he spent most of his life studying; an actual photograph of a black hole Máté Matolcsy Hi Fraser! Great show, I have a question. What are the most expensive but technically still realistic space missions that have been proposed so far? What could we achieve with today's economy and technology if we fell into an Apollo mindset again? Homu How does long hair act under artificial gravity? Will it hang down or stream backwards? Matthew Ryan did you set your green screen to Endor on purpose? Jim Becker Fraser, what method do you think will be the real reason for mankind's death here on Earth, will it be from our Sun diving and engulfing us in some X number of years from now or will it be because we finally get that big asteroid hitting us like what killed off the dinosaurs, or will it be because someone gets mad at someone and starts a nuclear war or because our magnetic shield decays and allowing in killer redaction, or because our Ozone layer depletes, so on and so on. (to many different ways I can't name them all). framedropfilms Hey Fraser, great channel. My seven year old son Hayden is fascinated by space and wonders how large (in light years) is our galaxy from one end to the other and how long would it take with our current technology to traverse this distance. Thanks and keep up the excellent work. Steve and Hayden

The Moon and Mars will probably be the first places in the Solar System that humanity will try to live after leaving the safety and security of Earth. But those worlds are still incredibly harsh environments, with no protection from radiation, little to no atmosphere, and extreme temperatures. Living on those worlds is going to be hard, it’s going to be dangerous. Fortunately, there are a few pockets on those worlds that’ll make it a tiny little bit easier to get a foothold in the Solar System: lava tubes. Sign up to my weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 References: https://www.seti.org/seti-institute/press-release/possible-lava-tube-skylights-discovered-near-north-pole-moon https://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2010/12jul_rabbithole/ https://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2007/21sep_caves https://lightsinthedark.com/2015/03/04/could-humans-set-up-camp-in-martian-lava-tubes/ https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/multimedia/lroimages/lroc-20100617-mare-ingenii.html https://www.seti.org/seti-institute/press-release/possible-lava-tube-skylights-discovered-near-north-pole-moon m.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Mars_Express/The_pit-chains_of_Mars_a_possible_place_for_life https://www.purdue.edu/newsroom/releases/2017/Q4/potential-human-habitat-located-on-the-moon.html https://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/caves2011/pdf/8028.pdf https://www.sintef.no/en/latest-news/snake-robots-in-space/ http://blogs.esa.int/caves/2018/03/13/the-bowels-of-earth-in-3d/ https://www.inverse.com/article/36777-mars-moon-human-colony-lava-tubes

In this week's QA, I wonder if we could use the speed of light to see ourselves in the past, how the Mars rovers clean their solar panels, and if aliens would infect us with their bacteria and viruses. Watch the Weekly Space Hangout: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC0-KklSGlCiJDwOPdR2EUcg Sign up for my weekly email newsletter at: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 Balázs Suhajda Hi Fraser! We use massive cosmic bodies to bend light and magnify distant objects, soon using them to observe exoplanets and their atmospheres as they were long ago. I wonder if it could be possible to find rays of light that have left earth long ago and through the curvature of space end up returning to earth with high enough resolution to allow us to look back into the past. Is it completely out of the question? path finder discovery I want to know who dusts off the solor panels when it gets dusty an it probably does often due to those huge dust storms , hmmmmmm🤔??🙃🤓🤔🙄 ohh👽👾😱😨😍 Schnitzel Vonlichenmenutz Imagine the virus’s and bacteria they may unintentionally bring. Could potentially be the end of all life on earth. Also, I hope they have a good immune system for our planetary virus’s and bacteria Alpha Gusta I notice that in some space launches that the space craft immediately starts to spin into another direction, I know some course correction is needed for different orbital planes and trajectories. But sometimes it seems like they turn 90 degrees. Why dont they just build launch platforms in somewhat the correct direction? Phil Metal When the galaxies merge or slam together, would it be a slow event until things start smashing into each other? Or would some crazy gravity changes rip world's apart and it be a cataclysmic show? In your opinion would it be a galactic reset, would anything survive CODELESS Enjoy your videos and Q & A's : i was wondering, with this Mission of colonizing mars in the future, there are some ideas that the domes could have water in them to shield Radiation. How much water is needed to block radiation as in the thickness or width of water to block radiation. Thanks XXCoder I was wondering if it was possible to make "bed cylinders" that is partitioned into 2 sleeping areas. With some automatic counterbalancing for mass differences, it may be enough for sleeping in gravity for better health? Jim Labbe If super earths are more massive and have greater gravity wells, might that make space travel much more difficult for intelligent life? Put differently, if we could increase the mass of the earth at what point might it create a physical constraint on space travel? Captain Ultimate G'day from Down Under! I am a new subscriber and I am really enjoy your videos Fraser, so thanks for your knowledge and all your hard work. Would there be any point or benefit to launching a telescope into orbit around a planet in the outer solar system like neptune, or even pluto? Or are they too close in regards to current telescopes to really return any befit? Matthew Kramer Hello Fraser, quick question: How do you think our advances in Machine Learning, Reinforcement Learning and A.I in general will affect space missions in the near and distant future? Greetings Matthew Jesse Dyball Could you get two BFRs joined by long cables and have them spin? Peter Granzeier Do white dwarves have habitable zones?

We’re now learning that icy worlds seem to be the best places in Solar System where life could be hiding. Worlds like Europa and Enceladus, which have vast oceans of liquid water beneath a shell of water ice. And just in the last year, astrobiologists announced that hardy forms of Earth life should be able to thrive in these oceans, feeding off hydrogen gas emanating from deep sea vents. Clearly we need to explore these worlds, to go deep down beneath the ice to explore the ocean depths. But how do you drill through kilometers of ice to reach it? Sign up to my weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 References: https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/niac_2012_phasei_mccue_europa_tagged.pdf https://www.nasa.gov/content/exploration-of-under-ice-regions-with-ocean-profiling-agents-europa/#.WqrxNugbOUk http://www.apl.washington.edu/project/project.php?id=ice_diver https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/gladius-submersible-underwater-drone-technology#/ https://www.princeton.edu/~naomi/theses/jggraver-thesis-4-11-05.pdf https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Comparison-of-Glider-Depth_fig1_275311043

In this week's questions show, I wonder if the James Webb Space Telescope will be able to find satellites around other stars, what my favorite sci-fi FTL method is, and why can't we see Mars as a bright object in the sky? Check out Abby's channel here: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCabX4I5PLAu0I05gN0ZgrKw Sign up for my weekly email newsletter at: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 Disinclined Tostate Hi, Fraser! Love the channel. 🙂 Will the James Webb Telescope be able to see evidence of artificial satellites around exo-planets, should any exist? Would there be a certain size or composition requirement for JWT to spot them? And how awesome would that be?! 🙂 Matt Gibson Fraser, if you could pick any FTL travel method from any show or movie and have it be a reality and give it to humanity, which would you pick? Some examples include Elite Dangerous, Star Wars, Star Trek, Battlestar Galactica, Star Gate... ect... Cherotal Hey Fraser, I have a question about the birth of solar systems. If there is less mass in the gas cloud which collapse to a star system it will form a red or brown dwarf. Is it possible that a gas cloud with very little mass collapse and form a star system where the central body didn't light up? Will these "no-star" systems send out any radiation or light we can measure? Thanks in advance and thanks for all the great video content. Ed Chartrand I’m fascinated by the images depicted in films such as Star Wars where characters look up into space on far off planets where there are multiple moons practically filling the sky or one moon that is massively larger than what our moon appears in reality here on earth. Are these types of visuals actually possible on planets from a physics perspective? Can a moon be so close to a planet that it takes up that much of the sky and yet still have a stable orbit? Michael K I thought the ISS has some micro-meteorite protection and doesn’t just trust in pure luck? Jim Becker Fraser, I was just looking at a photo released by NASA from the Curiosity Rover which "includes Earth as the brightest point of light in the night sky". So why can we seem to be able to see Earth from Mars but can't see Mars from Earth with the same ease ?? DrewLSsix Could a hobby level astronomer benefit from combining two decent smaller telescopes to make an effectively larger binocular telescope? Like two one hundred ish mm combined into an effective two hundred ish unit? I ask because you can buy a pair of the smaller units for a couple hundred.... while a 200+mm scope is many many times more expensive! Flynn Bryant Hey Fraser, my question is, what is the criteria for questions that you answer in the comments compared to those which you select for your videos? Thanks for the tremendous effort you put in! Izuriel Palanayukei Hi Fraser! I've heard you mention books in passing before. Do you have a list of sci-fi books you recommend? Like Seveneves by Neal Stephenson or EON by Greg Bear? Big ole' sci-fi novels with or without aliens! Thanks! - Izu Scot Washburn Why couldn’t we use lasers to push the orbiting debris out of earth orbit? Seth McKay Hey Fraser! Your production schedule looks to be quite full with universe today, guide to space, Q&A, astronomy cast, etc (not to mention spending time with family). How do you organize and stay on schedule? Seems like you have would have to be really organized to stay on schedule as well as not end up working all day. I also have several different hats and need to organize better. Guest Question: Stefán Atli Þorvaldsson how can i become an astronaut if i am not from a big country like the USA, Russia or the EU