UNIVERSE TODAY

We recorded this week's episode of the QA show from inside the Carnival Magic cruise ship, as part of our summer Astrotour. I saved up a bunch of tough questions for Dr. Paul Sutter, including: what is space itself? Could we use negative mass to destroy black holes? What would you see falling into a black hole, and more... Check out Paul's channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCBr7XOxxQyBHEwqkhoci7vw 01:37 What is space itself? 03:42 Feed negative matter into a black hole? 05:27 How can gravitational waves escape a black hole? 08:39 Seeing the CMB in the ancient past. 11:46 Are there binary galaxies? 13:22 Could there be an object on the other side of the Sun? 16:05 Are we experiencing time dilation from our orbit? 17:26 Could Dyson Spheres explain dark matter? 19:22 Angular momentum and black holes? 20:52 How are jets coming out of black holes? 22:27 Are other Universes pulling at us? Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Twitch: https://twitch.tv/fcain Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001

Casey Dreier is the Planetary Society's Director of Space Policy, helping to advocate for planetary science with the US government. He's probably the best person I know to talk about the state of US space policy and the future of crewed and robotic spaceflight. http://www.planetary.org/about/staff/casey-dreier.html 01:00 Introduction to Casey Dreier 03:27 Planetary Radio Space Policy 05:16 Building the Space Launch System 06:45 The state of planetary science 09:41 Working with Congress 13:00 Space Force 23:31 Returning to the Moon 26:55 Building the Lunar Gateway 27:20 Advocating with private companies 28:43 Lightsail update 35:00 Capabilities driven versus goal driven exploration 43:55 Is there a new space race with China? 48:53 2023 Decadal Survey 55:03 How to advocate policy with your government? 58:10 How to get involved with TPS

We recorded this episode of the QA live in front of a real audience as part of our Astronomy Cast 500 celebration. I took some rough questions and threw them at Pamela Gay, my co-host in Astronomy Cast. Will the Large Hadron Collider randomly detect particles passing through it? and more. Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Twitch: https://twitch.tv/fcain Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001

New Horizons gave us the best views we could have hoped for of Pluto. But it was only a single glimpse of half the world. What's New Horizons up to next? And what plans are in the works to return to Pluto and Charon? Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Twitch: https://twitch.tv/fcain Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001

In this week's questions show, I explain how I'd react if it turned out the government was hiding evidence of aliens. How we communicate with Mars when it goes behind the Sun, and why we should bother building space telescopes any more. Thumbnail photo by Steve Jurvetson https://www.flickr.com/photos/jurvetson/ 01:22 Undeniable proof of aliens? 04:09 How do we communicate with Mars when it's behind the Sun? 05:26 Why build space telescopes any more? 06:35 When will TESS be operational? 07:10 You should read my newsletter. 07:49 Have we looked hard enough for aliens? 11:07 Can a black hole travel faster than light? 12:14 How can we see the CMB in all directions? 15:07 What about an astronaut firefighter? 15:47 Can Orion fly on Atlas or Delta? 17:46 What if you find gold on the Moon? 19:38 Will Dyson spheres use anything but metal? Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Twitch: https://twitch.tv/fcain Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001

For tonight's live QA, I'll be joined by Anton Petrov, a math and science teacher who talks about space and astronomy on his YouTube channel, often simulating events in Universe Sandbox to show how they work. Check out his channel here: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCciQ8wFcVoIIMi-lfu8-cjQ Follow him on Twitter: https://twitter.com/whatdamath 03:00 We're having a party 04:52 Could you surf a gravitational wave? 06:47 What new things will we find with James Webb? 08:35 Will we have a better, faster way to travel through space? 12:19 The end of Dawn 14:50 Could there be live on a neutron star? 17:45 What do we think about antimatter drives? 21:50 Is Earth a magical mistake or are there other habitable worlds out there? 27:23 If light is massless, how does it get sucked into a black hole? 29:37 When will we explore Titan more? 33:11 Can you see the moons of Jupiter from Mars or Ceres? 35:42 Can we terraform Mars? 37:51 Will we see stars made with heavier elements? 42:00 Sea Dragon 48:05 Why aren't governments interested in the space race anymore? 51:23 We're stars in China Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Twitch: https://twitch.tv/fcain Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001

Trevor Jones from AstroBackyard is going to join me on Friday night to observe the night sky. We'll talk about how to get into astronomy, what gear to use, all while observing the sky live with an amazing 127 mm TeleVue telescope. You can find out more about Trevor here: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCn3npsPixgoi_xLdCg9J-LQ 04:42 Visual binary Albireo 12:51 M8 Lagoon Nebula 17:17 M20 Trifid Nebula 23:00 M13 Globular Cluster in Hercules 27:17 M27 Dumbbell Nebula 32:44 Eastern Veil Nebula 37:02 NGC 6888 Crescent Nebula 41:43 M57 Ring Nebula 55:21 M16 Eagle Nebula 1:02:00 M17 Swan Nebula 1:09:00 M71 Globular Cluster 1:20:00 Sadturn 1:21:03 NGC 7023 Iris Nebula 1:28:16 M31 Andromeda Galaxy 1:34:40 NGC 7380 Wizard Nebula 1:41:20 NGC 7635 Bubble Nebula 1:45:38 NGC 7000 North America Nebula 1:51:21 IC 5067 Pelican Nebula 1:57:03 M51 Whirlpool Galaxy 2:04:41 M101 Pinwheel Galaxy 2:10:49 NGC 6946 Fireworks Galaxy 2:32:44 IC 1396 Elephant's Trunk Nebula Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Twitch: https://twitch.tv/fcain Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001

Whenever I mention dark matter in anyway in the Guide to Space, or in a questions show, I get a bunch of responses that have essentially the same point. Astronomers are just speculating, why do they even think dark matter is a thing? Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Twitch: https://twitch.tv/fcain Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 References: https://www.forbes.com/sites/briankoberlein/2016/09/19/the-dark-history-of-dark-matter/ http://scienceblogs.com/startswithabang/2011/04/20/how-gravitational-lensing-show/ http://sci.esa.int/planck/51604-all-sky-map-of-dark-matter-distribution-in-the-universe/ http://sci.esa.int/planck/51557-planck-new-cosmic-recipe/ https://medium.com/starts-with-a-bang/what-astronomers-wish-everyone-knew-about-dark-matter-and-dark-energy-d13eada60ea0 http://timeblimp.com/?page_id=1033 http://cdms.berkeley.edu/experiment.html http://cdms.berkeley.edu/scdmssnolab.html https://home.cern/about/experiments/osqar https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7VxcTXud-Tg http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2017/04/giant-space-magnet-may-have-trapped-antihelium-raising-idea-lingering-pools-antimatter https://icecube.wisc.edu/about/overview

In this week's live QA, I answer questions about when Betelgeuse will go supernova, how bad are the fires here in British Columbia, and which planets I'd like us to send probes to. 06:06 When will Betelgeuse go supernova? 11:04 Vancouver Island fires 13:02 What planets should we sent probes to? 15:55 What's the deal with the Bootes Void? 18:16 When will asteroid mining be a reality? 21:14 Will Starliner/Crewed Dragon boost space tourism? 24:39 What's the most viable space capsule? 26:46 Is Opportunity dead? 27:40 SpaceX crew catwalk 29:57 Dogtermission 30:10 If I could plan one mission, what would it be? 31:41 What about a big orbiting space station? 33:50 Will the Sun become a planetary nebula? 34:51 Breakthrough Starthot update? 35:34 What about spinning two capsules to create gravity? 37:51 Ice found at the Moon's polar caps. 39:30 Could a computer science major work at SpaceX? 42:08 What's the largest live audience we've ever had? 44:35 When will the Voyager spacecraft be dead? 45:27 Have I seen any launches? 49:35 Coolest thing to see with binoculars? 51:17 How can Hubble take such long exposures? 54:27 When will there be fusion rockets? 54:56 Am I sad about the future discoveries I won't see? 56:59 How could our Universe be randomly created from nothing? 57:54 Will I do more coverage on cubesats? Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Twitch: https://twitch.tv/fcain Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001

In this week's questions show, I explain why we don't know of any perfectly habitable worlds in the galaxy. Why we don't know if the Universe is finite or infinite, and why we call it "micro gravity" and not "zero gravity". Lost in Math https://www.amazon.com/Lost-Math-Beauty-Physics-Astray/dp/0465094252 Sabine Hossenfelder http://backreaction.blogspot.com/ https://twitter.com/skdh Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001

In this week's live questions show, I get the most romantic birthday present ever. People want to know where the telescope I'm using is located. Any why can't Mars be terraformed? 04:54 Best birthday present ever 06:00 Where is my telescope locaated? 09:08 Mars can't be terraformed? 12:38 SpaceX gantry installed 13:41 Missions for the underground lake on Mars? 15:36 Explain relativity in a simple way. 16:35 Will a Bussard Ramjet be practical? 18:08 Can NASA use plutionium for missions again? 19:19 What do you think about aircraft-launched rockets? 25:05 Why is single stage to orbit so hard? 26:44 What's my favorite space probe? 28:15 Do I have a garden? 28:50 When is the next orbiter scheduled? 29:43 What are my top 10 space movies? 31:17 Top YouTube channels I regularly follow? 33:58 Do I play Kerbal Space Program? 34:13 Why don't YouTubers watch each other's stuff? 36:50 What's the best comment I've seen? 37:36 What do I think about content creators getting banned? 39:27 How do I make money? 42:36 Can we store CO2 from Earth's atmosphere? 44:09 Does sci-fi need to have accurate science? 45:44 How long until a movie is filmed in space? 46:41 What do I think about Star Citizen? 47:37 DIY radio telescope? 48:12 Have ground telescopes made space telescopes obsolete? 50:07 Has Chris Hadfield been a guest yet? 50:50 Does NASA sell merch? 51:46 Is my family interested in space? 52:20 Which scientist would I love to meet? 54:54 Will I be traveling to the IAC? 56:48 Odds of Opportunity coming back? Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Twitch: https://twitch.tv/fcain Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001

The Earth’s atmosphere keeps us safe from the harsh environment of space, but it also obscures our view into the cosmos. No matter how powerful a telescope you build, the turbulence of the atmosphere limits your resolution. But astronomers and engineers have an amazing technology that allows a telescope to peer into space as if the atmosphere isn’t even there, producing images from here on the ground which are as sharp and clear as if the telescope was out in space. It’s called adaptive optics, and we’re now at the point where the most powerful ground-based telescopes have matched and even exceeded the capability of space telescopes. Learn about Adaptive Optics on Next Generation Telescopes https://arxiv.org/pdf/1808.02693.pdf Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 References: https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso1824/ https://www.eso.org/public/images/eso1824c/ https://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso1824b/ https://www.eso.org/public/images/comparisons/eso1824a/ http://hoffman.cm.utexas.edu/courses/History_AO_Max.pdf https://arxiv.org/pdf/1808.02454.pdf https://arxiv.org/pdf/1808.02693.pdf https://www.eso.org/public/images/eso1731a/ https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/eris/ https://arxiv.org/pdf/1808.02693.pdf

In this week's questions show, I wonder what would happen if SpaceX failed as a company, why New Horizons can't search for Planet 9, and I ask for your suggestions for new names to call dark matter and dark energy. Here's a link to that Oort Cloud CMB study https://twitter.com/fcain/status/1025184486206726145 Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001

Professor Avi Loeb is one of the hardest working astrophysicists in the field, writing a blistering number of academic papers on fascinating topics like the Fermi Paradox, the habitability of other worlds, black holes, and the history of the early universe. He's also one of the people working on the Breakthrough Starshot project to send tiny probes to other star systems. https://www.cfa.harvard.edu/~loeb/ 00:17 Our biggest disagreement. The name for Milky Way and Andromeda 02:55 How to prevent losing stars in the future. 03:30 Introduction to Dr. Avi Loeb, the hardest working person in astrophysics 08:25 Breakthrough starshot, traveling to other stars 15:33 How will they communicate back to Earth? 19:15 Why aren't we doing to use them in the Solar System first? 24:48 How will they slow down? 27:21 What kind of camera could we use? 30:13 What could we do to create a laser highway? 34:26 Searching for life is a scientific question 37:00 More water worlds than terrestrial planets. 41:52 Galactic panspermia 44:49 Fighting against our dark energy future. 49:20 Joining the galaxy cluster 51:49 When will we see the first pictures from the Event Horizon Telescope Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Twitch: https://twitch.tv/fcain Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001

This week I'm joined by sci-fi author and futurist David Brin. He's best known for the Uplift Stories, and other sci-fi novels, but he's been active in space science, sitting on the board of NASA's Innovative and Advanced Concepts awards. Here's the link that David mentioned about lifting the Earth. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ai8x-ZqjXPc

My live guest this week will be Professor Brad Peterson, from Ohio State University. In addition to his professoring duties, Dr. Peterson is the Community Chair of the Science and Technology Definition Team for the Large Ultraviolet Optical and Infrared Surveyor (LUVOIR). We'll talk all about the plans for this massive space telescope, the true successor to the Hubble Space Telescope.

Join me and Cory Schmitz from Photographing Space for a livestream of Friday's total lunar eclipse. Cory is perfectly positioned in South Africa for a great view of the Moon throughout the entire lunar eclipse. We'll also be joined by other special guests to talk all things space and astronomy, to enjoy this spectacle together.

In this week's QA, I explain why dark matter is really a thing, and not just some made up thing by evil astronomers. How event horizons flatten out when they spin, what kind of scientist I'd want to be, and if you could build a ladder to space.

Join me for a live hour of QA.

Astronomers have finally solved one of the outstanding mysteries in cosmology. Forget about all the dark matter and dark energy, where’s all the missing regular mass in the Universe? This has been called the “missing baryon problem”. They’ve been chipping away at the problem, finding missing matter in the vast gulfs between galaxies, and in the last few months, a team of astronomers have finally found the outstanding missing matter. Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 References: https://science.nasa.gov/astrophysics/focus-areas/what-is-dark-energy https://wmap.gsfc.nasa.gov/universe/uni_matter.html http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/XMM-Newton_finds_missing_intergalactic_material/(print) https://www.theguardian.com/science/2017/oct/12/astronomers-find-half-of-the-missing-matter-in-the-universe https://arxiv.org/abs/1709.10378v1 https://arxiv.org/abs/1709.05024 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0204-1 https://www.cfa.harvard.edu/news/2018-10

In this week's question's show, I answer what would happen if the Milky Way lost its supermassive black hole, why can't you spiral stuff into the Sun, why do we assume life breathes oxygen? Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001

Until we learned to properly navigate our way across the oceans, early explorers were fearful to lose sight of land in case they’d be lost at sea. They learned to use the water currents, winds, movements of birds and of course, the positions of the Sun, the Moon and the stars to find their way across the seas to distant lands. As we learned to launch spacecraft into orbit and out into the Solar System, mission planners needed to develop entirely new methods of navigation. Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 References: https://history.nasa.gov/computers/Ch2-7.html https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/news/Sextant_ISS https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2018/nasa-tests-atomic-clock-for-deep-space-navigation https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2018/nasa-team-first-to-demonstrate-x-ray-navigation-in-space

In this week's episode, I explain why you can't just calculate the position of Planet 9, why we don't use parachutes to retrieve boosters, and if we can wait 100 million years to see the Great Attractor. Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001

For the first time ever, astronomers have captured a direct image of a newly forming planet orbiting around a newly forming star. It’s a stunning photograph, not only for the science and what was observed, but what it means the future of exoplanetary astronomy. Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 References: http://www.eso.org/public/news/eso1821/ https://www.naoj.org/Pressrelease/2012/11/08/index.html https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso1523/ https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso1538/ https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso1640/ https://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/paranal/instruments/sphere/inst.html https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/paranal-observatory/vlt/vlt-instr/sphere/?lang

Join me for an hour of live QA to talk about whatever cool new space news is happening.

Rocket launches are expensive. Even with huge price drops from SpaceX and other New Space companies, there’s no cheap way to get stuff down here in Earth’s gravity well up to low Earth orbit. In order to really survive and thrive in space, we’ve got to learn to live off the land, to acquire the resources in space that will allow us to survive… in space. We’ve got to learn to turn those raw materials into forms we need: fuel, breathable air, water, construction materials, and eventually even finished goods like rocket parts and electronics. Download 3D models from NASA https://nasa3d.arc.nasa.gov/ Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 References https://www.quora.com/Rockets-What-is-cost-of-sending-1-kg-weight-into-space https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/nextstep-2-isru-baa-industry-forum_11dec2017_0.pdf http://www.planetary.org/blogs/emily-lakdawalla/2017/1207-koreas-first-lunar-mission.html https://www.space.com/40400-planetary-resources-asteroid-mining-satellite-mission-accomplished.html https://www.planetaryresources.com/missions/arkyd-6/ http://deepspaceindustries.com/dsi-raises-3-5m-series-a/ https://insights.globalspec.com/article/8323/harvesting-near-earth-asteroids-to-fuel-human-expansion-into-space https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/spacetech/centennial_challenges/regolith/index.html https://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/mission/instruments/moxie/ https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/news/3Dratchet_wrench/ http://madeinspace.us/ https://nasa3d.arc.nasa.gov/ http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Engineering_Technology/Building_a_lunar_base_with_3D_printing https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OU9Ek3UgZaw https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/nmp/ds1/tech/scarlet.html http://www.travisdeyle.com/files/publications/PV_TermPaper.pdf https://sbir.nasa.gov/SBIR/successes/ss/3-090text.html

In this week's questions show, I answer if it's a good idea to build a space internet, if microbes reach Mars, will they evolve into something new, where could we go after Mars, and more. Idea to save Spirit and Opportunity https://medium.com/starts-with-a-bang/mars-opportunity-and-spirit-rovers-could-have-lived-practically-forever-with-one-tiny-change-662b5321ec87 Stars Shine for Everyone https://universe2go.com/en/stars-shine-for-everyone-what-can-you-do/ 00:22 Space internet? 03:03 Evolving Mars microbes 04:26 After colonizing Mars? 05:38 Space telescope at Uranus? 07:15 No broom for Opportunity? 09:10 Why indulge trolls? 11:03 Seeing the Earth spin 12:13 Flying disk to Mars? 14:22 Core of the Milky Way? 15:52 Jamaica Telescope? 18:06 Proxima Centuri gravitational lens? Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001

This week I'm joined by my Astronomy Cast co-host Dr. Pamela Gay to talk about all things astronomy, and casting.

In this week's QA, I present real pictures of the whole Earth, not some fake CGI, and wonder if Jupiter could be used as a gravitational lens for a space telescope. https://epic.gsfc.nasa.gov/ http://electro.ntsomz.ru/en/ https://china.huanqiu.com/article/2018-06/12257903.html 00:28 Real pictures of Earth? 02:37 Build a mega telescope in space? 03:29 Catching the Voyagers 04:44 Jupiter gravitational lens 06:42 Is Opportunity going to make it? 07:44 YouTube Red? 08:16 Born too late? 10:17 Colonizing Mars will be tough 12:03 Different sized stars 13:32 Self aware universe 14:54 Light pollution map 15:36 A light year finglonger Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001

Hey everyone, I'm going to be doing a Live Q&A today. No guest this week, so it'll just be me.

In this week's questions show, I explain how we now where gravitational waves are coming from, will there be planets around a white dwarf, what does it feel like where the space station is getting boosted, and if I'm an arrogant fool. 01:11 Gravitational wave directions 03:36 White dwarf planets 04:59 Antimatter farts 05:45 Our time in the Universe 07:51 Boosting the space station 08:57 Why am I an arrogant fool 12:06 Why do stars and planets look the same 15:05 Can the Grand Tour happen again 16:48 Best place for Martian fossils 18:45 Getting into astrophotography 22:46 Space dogfighting 25:08 Put Hubble in a museum Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001

The Hubble Space Telescope has been in space for 28 years, producing some of the most beautiful and scientifically important images of the cosmos that humanity has ever taken. But let’s face it, Hubble is getting old, and it probably won’t be with us for too much longer. NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope is in the final stages of testing, and WFIRST is waiting in the wings. You’ll be glad to know there are even more space telescopes in the works, a set of four powerful instruments in design right now, which will be part of the next Decadal Survey, and helping to answer the most fundamental questions about the cosmos. Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 References: https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/system/downloadable_items/784_Planetary_Science_Decadal_2013-2022.pdf https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/resources/2130/coronagraph-explanation-2-minutes/ http://www.eso.org/public/news/eso1417/ https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/news/1407/new-planet-imager-delivers-first-science/ https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/news/1404/a-four-planet-system-in-orbit-directly-imaged-and-remarkable/ https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/resources/1015/flower-power-nasa-reveals-spring-starshade-animation/ https://wwwastro.msfc.nasa.gov/lynx/ http://sci.esa.int/cosmic-vision/55111-the-hot-and-energetic-universe/ https://asd.gsfc.nasa.gov/firs/ https://asd.gsfc.nasa.gov/luvoir/

For this week's live QA, I'll be joined by Dr. Nicole Gugliucci, a professor and radio astronomer. You can find out more about her on Twitter at https://twitter.com/NoisyAstronomer

Space is the worst. It’s got hostile radiation, a total lack of atmosphere, near absolute zero temperatures, problematic gravity wells, and worse. In order to keep your spacecraft alive in that environment, you need electricity to keep it warm. Not to mention all the power to run scientific instruments and the transmitters to send that data home. Getting enough power in space is a big problem. Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 References: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/structure/elements/solar_arrays-about.html http://www.esa.int/spaceinimages/Images/2018/05/30_efficiency_solar_cell https://mars.nasa.gov/mer/technology/is_severe_environments.html https://www.allaboutcircuits.com/news/voyager-mission-anniversary-rtg-radioisotope-thermoelectric-generator/ https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?feature=4818 https://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=distance+to+voyager+1+in+light+hours https://voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/mission/spacecraft/instruments/rtg/ https://mars.nasa.gov/files/mep/MMRTG_Jan2008.pdf https://www.theverge.com/2018/3/19/17138924/nasa-discovery-program-radioisotope-thermoelectric-generators-plutonium-238 http://spaceref.com/news/viewsr.html?pid=51241 http://www.businessinsider.com/nuclear-powered-satellites-space-2016-3 https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/ns_kilopower_fs_180111.pdf http://www.nnl.co.uk/media/1921/nnl-tech-conference-15-fcs-zara-hodgson.pdf http://fly.historicwings.com/2013/01/the-nuclear-disaster-of-kosmos-954/ https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/spacetech/kilopower/

In this week's questions show, I talk about entry level telescopes, why we can see galaxies billions of light years away but not objects on the Moon, and why events that won't happen billions of years into the future still make us kind of sad. 00:40 Good starter telescope 02:10 Is Fraser ignorant or stupid?! 02:45 Why can't we zoom into the Moon? 05:23 Mysteriously unsubscribed from the channel 06:22 Orbit first or land directly? 07:56 How does laser propulsion work? 09:55 Is the Universe practically finite? 10:51 Stop saying anything's impossible. 12:26 Interstellar civilization is impractical. 14:49 Deep future makes me sad. 17:15 Will Laniakea be in our Local Group? 18:39 Are we still trapped if we invent warp drives? Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001

This time Dr. Paul Sutter and I will be traveling to the wilds of Costa Rica to see volcanoes, wildlife, and of course, a stunning night sky. Find out more about the trip and put in your deposit here: https://www.astrotours.co/costarica

Paul was busy last week, but now he's ready to join me for an hour answering your mind bending questions about space and astronomy. Bring all your complex questions about dark matter, black holes and the Big Bang and he'll sort it all out. Check out Paul's channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCBr7XOxxQyBHEwqkhoci7vw

Humans are believed to be the most technologically advanced civilization that’s ever set foot on Earth, or really anywhere in the Solar System. But are we the first? Could there have been an advanced civilization that walked the Earth millions or even billions of years ago, and then died out long ago, their technology and structures lost to the eons. And how could we know? Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 References: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1704.07263.pdf https://arxiv.org/pdf/1804.03748.pdf https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2018/04/are-we-earths-only-civilization/557180/ https://arxiv.org/pdf/1111.1212.pdf

In this week's questions show, astronaut Mike Massimino answers a question about astronaut training, I wonder how we could survive if the Sun dies, and explain why the shuttle's fuel tank was orange. Watch the full interview with Mike Massimino on the Weekly Space Hangout: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F20jl3XTArM Buy Mike's book: https://www.amazon.com/Spaceman-Astronauts-Unlikely-Journey-Universe/dp/1536629243 Watch One Strange Rock: http://channel.nationalgeographic.com/one-strange-rock/ Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 Emma Dogtuin Can we still live if the sun dies? Nicholas Bolding Let's assume something catastrophic happens and essentially stops any and all supply missions to the ISS how long approximately could they live for? And what would happen first, asphyxiation, starvation, thirst or something else? Richard Price Hi again Fraser, I've asked you this before but you may not have seen it, why was the main fuel tank on the first launch of the space shuttle white and why did it change to the brown colour later on? This has been bugging me for years! Great channel by the way.....thanks. Lluís Teixidó How big was the Universe before the Cosmic MIcrowave Background? (aprox. 380.000 years after the Big Bang?). How come we constantly get photons from that moment? Shouldn't we expect to see a stop of the flow of photons from the moment the universe became transparent some time in the future? PossibleCinema I`m wondering what do you think about the moral/ethical implications of our species conducting a self-induced panspermia by, for example, sending thousands of probes with organic materials to exoplanets with known habitable zones, in order to potentially kickstart life there? If plausible, what do you think about this type of impregnation of the universe by us? Such "pollution" is bad when you look for other examples of life but what about giving a better chance for life to thrive, taking the next billions of years into the account? Keep up the great work! Thanks! Connor Paller You’re just feeding flat earthers. They’ll take so much of this so far out of context it’s not even funny Gabriel R The planets travel on a flattish disk but I’ve seen the Oort Cloud portrayed as Spherical. Why the difference of shape? boycot gugle Question: When there is an active galactic nucleus/quasar with lots of stuff falling in and piling up, will the layers closest to the black hole be made up of neutronium or even "quark star core matter", if that exists? Will layers a bit further out do nuclear fusion? Evolution Inc. Hey, I recently listened to Ringworld, and I'm just wondering, is such a large structure possible to build, and if we could, would it be stable? Astro B Hi Fraser 🙂 You often talk about moving Heavy Industry into space to cut polution and damage on Earth. Surely this is unachievable because of the huge difficulty of moving heavy stuff out of Earth's gravity well. Guest Question Grant Lanning Do we even have trained astronauts for lunar or mars missions? By this I mean astronauts with geology and structural engineering backgrounds to study this new environments to make the paths for future more experimental based scientific astronauts. This was kind of the error we made before when going to the moon, we sent test pilots, who were incredibly brave and I don't want to sound like I'm putting what they did down in any sense, but what more could we have learned had the first man to walk on the moon been a geologists or any kind of planetary scientist instead.

In my opinion, Eric Berger (aka @sciguyspace) is one of the top journalists working on stories about spaceflight, especially SpaceX, Blue Origins and NASA. Eric will join me live to answer your questions about the state of private and public space exploration. Check out his Twitter feed to see more of his coverage: https://twitter.com/SciGuySpace

The observable Universe is finite, which means there are limits to what we can see, now and deep into the future. Dr. Paul Sutter joins Fraser to talk about the various cosmological horizons that surround us. Check out Paul's channel here: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCBr7XOxxQyBHEwqkhoci7vw Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001

I was originally going to have Dr. Paul Sutter here as a guest this week, but something came up, so I'll be solo. Come join me live to talk about what's happening in space and astronomy.

In this week's questions show, the viewers try to suggest names for balloon rockets. Could live from Venus escaped to Earth? Is the Fermi Paradox really a paradox when we've only explored a little bit of the galaxy? And More Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 Omar Ismail Hi Fraiser. Do you think its possible for intelligent life to have started out on venus when the sun was cooler and it had liquid water and as it heated up been forced to move to earth as the runaway greenhouse effect took hold and theres no remnants of it coz of the pressure and heat? YX Yang Come on, you can’t just call it a paradox when you only examined 0.000017% of the galaxy. Jim Becker Fraser: I just read your article in Universe Today titled "Breathing lunar dust could give astronauts bronchitis and even lung cancer" and would like to know if those same conditions could cause problems for astronauts that go to Mars ? Rudi von Staden Why not have caesar dock with ISS to return the sample? Seems having the sample packaged in a separate reentry vehicle is both risky and expensive. Or would the physics of matching the velocities of caesar and the ISS be too complicated? Michael Arsenault Can we grab asteroids and bring them back to earth for a controlled entry to a desert somewhere? Or is this too dangerous due to contamination of the atmosphere? Roxane Urmanski I really love your Q&A episodes; I learn all sorts of things I've never thought of. Anyways, of all the videos I've seen about humans living on Mars, I don't think it's ever been mentioned that they need some sort of plan for the moons. What will happen when Diemos leaves and Phobos smashes into Mars? eric thatcher Hi Fraser, Great vids as usual. If we wanted to terraform Venues using an asteroid to create a global winter how big would it need to be. Also might need to speed up it rotation to create an earth like environment. White Dinosaur Why not launch from a high mountain ? ozdergecko Yesterday (!) Greg&Mitch (ASAPscience) gave the actual estimated numbers on incoming and outgoing matter. It's 40,000 metric tons in and 95,000 out. Twirlip Of The Mists I don't get the interest in lava tubes. More work and more exotic technology are needed than just digging a trench, dropping a hab into the trench, and covering the trench. Even a gigantic trench is easier. Safer, too. Lava tubes will make good short term (weeks, months) campsites for explorers who can't bring bulldozers. Better to build permanent sites from scratch. Star Butterfly How far does gravity reach? Am i correct to believe it's infinite? Say we had an empty non moving universe. If we were to place two galaxies say 20 billion light years apart with no motion in relation to one another would they eventually over billions or trillions of years drift closer together? Casey Chapman Finally... It’s good to hear someone else state what I’ve been saying for years! Why spend all the effort climbing out of your home gravity well, just to throw yourself into another, probably less hospitable one?!? You want humanity to spread out, start mass production of O’Neil cylinders with material mind from the moon and asteroids. I figure that that’ll give us a better backup than planting bucketloads of people on Mars. Go to Mars, to explore and search for signs of past or present life, but do it from orbit using telepresence. Hell, build a giant spacecraft with a rotating section, a NIRVA or VASIMR engine and a few hundred scientists aboard to explore the entire solar system... it’s five year mission to seek out new life and new civi... (ummm comets?) to boldly go were on one has gone before! (Except a few robotic missions of course!) Sorry... geek moment.

People always ask me why we’re stuck with chemical rockets. Seriously, exploding a bunch of hydrogen or kerosene is the best we can do? Good news, there are other, exotic science fiction-sounding propulsion systems out there which use electromagnetic fields to accelerate atoms, allowing their spacecraft to accelerate for months at a time. I’m talking about ion engines, of course, and several spacecraft have already used these exotic thrusters to perform some of the most amazing missions in the exploration of the Solar System. Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 References: http://www.spacex.com/falcon9 https://www.nasa.gov/centers/glenn/technology/Ion_Propulsion1.html https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?feature=272 https://www.space.com/38444-mars-thruster-design-breaks-records.html http://m.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Engineering_Technology/World-first_firing_of_air-breathing_electric_thruster

This week I'll be joined by Dr. Alan Stern and Dr. David Grinspoon, the co-authors of "Chasing New Horizons: Inside the Epic First Mission to Pluto". Join us live and ask them your questions about the New Horizons Mission and Pluto.

When we look out into space, are we really just seeing stars, planets and galaxies which are long dead, ghosts from eons ago? Can black holes consume dark matter? Can we repair Kepler and other dead satellites, and more. Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001

President Trump recently called for the creation of a space force to deal with the future warfighting in space. It turns out, this already exists, space is already well militarized. Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001

Time for another live QA event, this time with sci-fi author and futurist John Michael Godier. Check out JMG's channel here: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEszlI8-W79IsU8LSAiRbDg Join us live, ask us your questions about space, astronomy and the future that awaits us all.

In this week's questions show, Fraser wonders if lava tubes are stable, the best places to extract resources from the Solar System, and why the US has to pay for everyone's science. Emily Lakdawalla's Blog http://www.planetary.org/blogs/emily-lakdawalla/ Book link https://www.amazon.com/Design-Engineering-Curiosity-Performs-Springer/dp/3319681443/ Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio Video Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/bh/podcast/universe-today-video/id794057165?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/video What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 SnowToad MY TWO FAVORITE SPACE CHANNELS! Clim hazzard Are lava tubes generally considered to be stable enough for something like a colony? Would they need to be reinforced? Yassen2828 Hey Fraser! How likely is it for a rogue planet not bound to a star to intersect our solar system without us detecting it? cliff marsden Couldn't we use a massive lifting balloon filled with hydrogen to get spacecraft high into the atmosphere, then use the hydrogen as fuel for the next stage to leave Earth Disasterina What is the easiest place in the solar system from which to extract resources? The Venusian clouds, the lunar regolith, the Martian polar caps, you get the idea. A Knight that says Nee I've heard that our planet is gaining weight every year, due to asteroids. Is this true, and what is the consequences? Besides never getting a date, married, and thus, no rings. Jim Becker Fraser: I was watching part of your telecast titled "Astronomy Cast 488: Dark Energy, 2018 Edition" and I have to ask "why does it seem that it is up to the U.S. to pay for all (90%) of these telescopes and research tools looking for things that the World scientist seem to want ? It seemed like I kept hearing "well Trump blocked this or Trump doesn't want that", why can't the rest of the world pay for their share of the research tools ? HeadlessHorsemanMC Hey Frazier why do you seem to only talk about space x and not blue origin? Peter Van Gemert Deep Space Gateway is a rip off-for the US tax-payer. This thing serves no purpose. Go to Mars. Stop wasting time and money. Mosern1977 Question that popped into brain: What powers the enormous storms on Jupiter - the entire planet is a giant storm, where is the power to run that coming from? RhetoricalQuestion Does curiosity send back raw data or it processes and identify the minerals before sending back?

The European Space Agency just dropped an enormous amount of data onto the scientific community. The location and position of 1.7 billion stars in the Milky Way. Sign up to my weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 References: http://sci.esa.int/gaia/60169-gaia-s-sky-in-colour/ http://sci.esa.int/gaia/58209-gaia-s-first-sky-map/ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bZfFdCknTQc https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rgE3bHLFqOw https://m.esa.int/spaceinimages/Images/2018/04/Rotation_of_the_Large_Magellanic_Cloud2