WATER IN SPACE

Pluto might seem like the least likely place to find liquid water, but thanks to New Horizons, we have new information about oceans on the dwarf planet and more from the outer reaches of the solar system! SciShow has a spinoff podcast! It's called SciShow Tangents. Check it out at http://www.scishowtangents.org ---------- Support SciShow by becoming a patron on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/scishow ---------- Huge thanks go to the following Patreon supporters for helping us keep SciShow free for everyone forever: Adam Brainard, Greg, Alex Hackman, Sam Lutfi, D.A. Noe, الخليفي سلطان, Piya Shedden, KatieMarie Magnone, Scott Satovsky Jr, Charles Southerland, Patrick D. Ashmore, charles george, Kevin Bealer, Chris Peters ---------- Like SciShow? Want to help support us, and also get things to put on your walls, cover your torso and hold your liquids? Check out our awesome products over at DFTBA Records: http://dftba.com/scishow ---------- Check out the playlist for season 2 of Origin of Everything! https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLLfvwXL7G2Ih9TBgSyM1gD9D24HZHlg5T Looking for SciShow elsewhere on the internet? Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/scishow Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/scishow Tumblr: http://scishow.tumblr.com Instagram: http://instagram.com/thescishow ---------- Sources: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-019-0369-8 https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-05/hu-gic051719.php https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13000 https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/new-evidence-strengthens-case-wet-ocean-beneath-plutos-surface-180959534/ http://coolcosmos.ipac.caltech.edu/ask/155-How-cold-is-it-on-Pluto- https://science.sciencemag.org/content/364/6441/eaaw9771 https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/news/945/nasas-new-horizons-team-publishes-first-kuiper-belt-flyby-science-results/ https://www.nasa.gov/feature/nasa-s-new-horizons-team-publishes-first-kuiper-belt-flyby-science-results IMAGES https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013000/a013000/pluto-cryovolcano16x9_1024x576.jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gashydrat_mit_Struktur.jpg#/media/File:Gashydrat_mit_Struktur.jpg https://www.nasa.gov/image-feature/a-full-view-of-pluto-s-stunning-crescent

You can buy Universe Sandbox 2 game here: http://amzn.to/2yJqwU6 Hello and welcome! My name is Anton and in this video, we will talk about new study that discovers where half of water on Earth may have come from. Read the paper here: https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/5/5/eaav8106 Support this channel on Patreon to help me make this a full time job: https://www.patreon.com/whatdamath Space Engine is available for free here: http://spaceengine.org Enjoy and please subscribe. Twitter: https://twitter.com/WhatDaMath Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/whatdamath Twitch: http://www.twitch.tv/whatdamath Bitcoins to spare? Donate them here to help this channel grow! 1GFiTKxWyEjAjZv4vsNtWTUmL53HgXBuvu The hardware used to record these videos: CPU: https://amzn.to/2LZFQCJ Video Card: https://amzn.to/2M1W26C Motherboard: https://amzn.to/2JYGiQQ RAM: https://amzn.to/2Mwy2t4 PSU: https://amzn.to/2LZcrIH Case: https://amzn.to/2MwJZz4 Microphone: https://amzn.to/2t5jTv0 Mixer: https://amzn.to/2JOL0oF Recording and Editing: https://amzn.to/2LX6uvU Thank you to all Patreon supporters of this channel Specifically, great thanks to the following members: Mark Teranishi Mayumi Lars Bo Rasmussen Sam Reed Lilith Dawn William Morrison Waud Daniel Rosvall Nick Dolgy Greg Lambros Luminger UnexpectedBooks.com Lauren Smith Michael Tiganila Bartholomew Macaluso Jordan Jer Lyndon Riley Michael Mitsuda Dave Blair Konrad Kummli Richard Colombo Alexander Leimbeck Albert B. Cannon Kai Raphahn Sander Stols Sergio Ruelas George Williams Justin Fortune Shinne Gordon Cooper Tracy Burgess Jakub Glos Johann Goergen Olegas Budnik AA Giovanni Perryman Jayjay Volz Chase Staggs Jake Salo LS Greger Marcel Levi Anataine Deva Becky Robert MacDonald gary steelman Liam Moss Michael Koebel Shelley Passage Steven Aiello Tom Warren xyndicate Zachary Fluke Bob Davies Steven Honey Suzanne Lyons Vinod sethi Bodo Graßmann James Myers Michael Rucker Niji Ralph Spataro Robert Wyssbrod Daniel Coleman Matthew Lazear Rock Howard Steve Wotton Arikkat Unnikrishnan Aneliya Pancheva Vincent L. Cleaver Angelina Werner Claye Griffith George Naumov Howard Zhang Kyle eagle Stan Komander Tarik Qassem Andrey Vesnin MrR Anton Newman Charles Nadeau Dave A Doug Baker George Lincoln Rockwell GrittyFlix Minovsky Man Paul Koploy Peter Hamrak Sal Carrera TBPony Willem ter Harmsel Doug MacDonald Jacob Spencer Jakub Rychecky Shaun Cahill Chris Miller David Lewis Eric White Greyson Flippo Hampton Tunis Ivan Gallagher Janne Vuorenpää JohnTaylorWalker Jon Haynes Lynn Johnson Michael J Fluharty Mr. M-Bag Nathan Egan Rob Law Scary ASMR Thierry Ray Jehlen Gasnier M Velt Silvan Wespi Thomas Erskine Kendall Wake William Warren Arsenii Pilguk Daniel Tyson Dylan Do Erik Storesund Ged Warren Hernán Coronel Joachim W. Walewski Jonas Reinitz MiekWave Robert Nenciu Stephanie McAlea Tedd Speck Will Hardy Adrian Boyko Alex Boone Torben Cro-Magnon Gramps David Heimbold Declan Dhiraj Sapkal Exo Sol Francis Lennon J Youles Jelle Maximilian Jänicke Orac Paul dunn RAJARSHI SHUKLA Sun Sun surfingdiamond Uwe Böhnke Russell Sears Anton Reed Mifxal Mr Fluffington Jordaen Davids Troy Schmidt Matthias Fiebig Daniel S RandalM L Joseph Parker MD Lee Densmore Sir David Coyne brian plummer Deanna Korell-Hall Samuel Mathison Carla Josh Shultz Dipen Bhattacharya Check the Patreon page to join.

NASA recently announced that a newly discovered planet may have liquid water.

Former NASA Deputy Chief Technologist Jim Adams joins us for story time. We talk about the planetary status of Pluto, the Kármán line, how moist the solar system seems to be, microbial life on Mars and so much more! Launch Minute Everything scrubbed this week... But get ready for next week with SIX scheduled launches! Yikes! Space News: Welcome to Space, Spaceship 2 Cosmonauts perform Soyuz Surgery Voyager 2 is interstellar If you would like to continue the conversation we have a few great ways to do that: - Comment right here on YouTube. We'll comment back or even feature it in the show - Create a new post on our community forum at https://community.tmro.tv - Head over to our real-time Discord channel here: https://discord.gg/9NkkFWD

As the time passed we discovered that there is actually quite a lot of water in the solar system, and a chunk of it is in liquid form. So where are those oceans and how many of them are there? Twitter: https://twitter.com/Dreksler_Astral Intro, outro and other clips in the video were made with Space Engine. Music: Passed - Riot

It’s well-established that the Martian surface is completely inhospitable to life as we know it, but recent research suggests that may not be the case down below.

Join +Fraser Cain and +Pamela Gay for a live episode of Astronomy Cast. We'll record our 30-minute show, and then stay tuned for them to answer questions! We're not learning that the vast majority of potentially habitable worlds out there are actually icy moons like Europa and Enceladus. Good news, there are hundreds, if not thousands of times more of them than worlds like Earth. Bad news, they're locked in ice. What have we learned about water worlds and their potential for habitability?

Scientists may have discovered up to 31 more cryovolcano remnants on Ceres, and the Iridium flares are slowly being allowed to burn up in our atmosphere, so see them while you still can! #Flarewell Campaign: https://www.iridium.com/flarewell/ Hosted by: Hank Green For special, curated artifacts of this universe, check out https://scishowfinds.com/ ---------- Support SciShow by becoming a patron on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/scishow ---------- Dooblydoo thanks go to the following Patreon supporters: Lazarus G, Sam Lutfi, D.A. Noe, سلطان الخليفي, Piya Shedden, KatieMarie Magnone, Scott Satovsky Jr, Charles Southerland, Patrick D. Ashmore, Tim Curwick, charles george, Kevin Bealer, Chris Peters ---------- Like SciShow? Want to help support us, and also get things to put on your walls, cover your torso and hold your liquids? Check out our awesome products over at DFTBA Records: http://dftba.com/scishow ---------- Looking for SciShow elsewhere on the internet? Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/scishow Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/scishow Tumblr: http://scishow.tumblr.com Instagram: http://instagram.com/thescishow ---------- Sources: https://press.nature.com/wp-content/uploads/files/2018/09/41550_2018_574_OnlinePDF.pdf https://dawn.jpl.nasa.gov http://www.skyatnightmagazine.com/news/iridium-flares-cease-end-2018 https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2017/01/skywatching-iridium-flares-spacex-satellites-space-science/ http://investor.iridium.com/2018-07-25-Iridium-Completes-Seventh-Successful-Iridium-R-NEXT-Launch https://www.iridium.com/network/globalnetwork/ https://www.rocketlaunch.live/?filter=spacex https://www.iridium.com/flarewell/ Images: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fountains_of_Enceladus_PIA07758.jpg https://dawn.jpl.nasa.gov/multimedia/images/image-detail.html?id=PIA18921 https://dawn.jpl.nasa.gov/multimedia/images/ceres.html?view=grid_view&start=12 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PIA21919-Ceres-DwarfPlanet-AhunaMons-20180314.jpg https://www.flickr.com/photos/seabirdnz/23655329842 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Iridium_Satellite.jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Iridium_flare_2008_08_11.jpg Thumbnail Image: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:PIA20348_crop_-_Ceres%27_Ahuna_Mons_top_view.jpg

The world’s premier astronomy and space science podcast. *Water confirmed on the Lunar surface Scientists have directly observed water on the lunar surface for the first time. *Hints of new mysteries in neutron stars A new study claims protons play a far more significant role in the characteristics of Neutron Stars than previously thought. *Measuring the force of light Scientists have successfully measured the force photons exert on matter. *Vega-C to begin flying next year With just one year before Vega-C lifts off from Europe’s Spaceport in French Guiana, preparations for Europe’s next launcher are gaining momentum. *Israeli Moon mission A private Israeli company announces plans to become only the fourth nation to land a spacecraft on the Moon. *Galileo sat nav Brexit changes Britain’s exist from the EU will result in reduced access to Europe’s Galileo satellite navigation system -- getting the civilian access anyone can have -- rather than the more precise military access needed for pinpoint weapons accuracy. *China launches new high-resolution Earth observation satellite China has launched a new high-resolution Earth observation satellite aboard a Long March 4B rocket. *The Science Report Exposure to secondhand smoke linked to developing arthritis. Marine heatwaves, like the one that bleached the Great Barrier Reef set to become more common. Over 36 genetic regions linked to women living longer. Prehistoric Egyptians using embalming to mummify their dead long before the Pharaohs. Skeptic’s guide to claims Wi-Fi causes migraines. For enhanced Show Notes including photos to accompany this episode, visit: http://www.bitesz.com/spacetimeshownotes Subscribe, rate and review SpaceTime at all good podcasting apps…including Apple Podcasts (formerly iTunes), Google Podcasts, Stitcher, PocketCasts, Podbean, Radio Public, TuneIn Radio, google play, Spreaker, Spotify, Deezer, ACast etc RSS feed: https://audioboom.com/channels/4642443.rss Would you prefer to have access to the special commercial-free version of SpaceTime? Help support the show, subscribe at Patreon....and share in the rewards. Details at www.patreon.com/spacetimewithstuartgary Help support SpaceTime: The SpaceTime with Stuart Gary merchandise shop. Get your T-Shirts, Coffee Cups, badges, tote bag + more and help support the show. Check out the range: http://www.cafepress.com/spacetime Thank you. Plus: As a part of the SpaceTime family, you can get a free audiobook of your choice, plus 30 days free access from audible.com. Just visit www.audibletrial.com/spacetime or click on the banner link at www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com Email: [email protected] Join our mailing list at http://www.bitesz.com/join-our-mailing-list Stream podcast episodes on demand from www.bitesz.com (mobile friendly).

Jupiter's atmosphere might contain a lot of water, according to recent research by a national team of scientists that includes Clemson University's Máté Ádámkovics.

New research suggests "water world" exoplanets are common in our galaxy.

The world’s premier astronomy and space science podcast. *Liquid water discovered under the Martian south pole A huge subsurface liquid water lake has been detected near the Martian south pole. *Mars Opportunity Rover could be in trouble There are growing concerns about the safety of NASA's Mars Opportunity rover. *Finding the foundations for massive stars A new study has found that the collapse of molecular gas and dust clouds to create new stars occurs far more quickly than previously thought. *Ariane 5 launches Galileo Four more Galileo satellites have been successfully placed into geostationary orbit following their launch aboard an Ariane 5 rocket. *The Science Report Heatwave deaths to continue climbing as climate change causes to globe to heat up. New study compares the kids of same-sex and heterosexual partners. Claims cinnamon oil could be key to preventing superbugs. A new study suggests Neanderthals may have used tools to start their own fires. Alex on tech e-mail security concerns. For enhanced Show Notes including photos to accompany this episode, visit: http://www.bitesz.com/spacetimeshownotes Subscribe, rate and review SpaceTime at all good podcasting apps…including Apple Podcasts (formerly iTunes), Google Podcasts, Stitcher, PocketCasts, Podbean, Radio Public, TuneIn Radio, google play, Spreaker, Spotify, Deezer etc RSS feed: https://audioboom.com/channels/4642443.rss Would you prefer to have access to the special commercial-free version of SpaceTime? Help support the show, subscribe at Patreon....and share in the rewards. Details at www.patreon.com/spacetimewithstuartgary Help support SpaceTime: The SpaceTime with Stuart Gary merchandise shop. Get your T-Shirts, Coffee Cups, badges, tote bag + more and help support the show. Check out the range: http://www.cafepress.com/spacetime Thank you. Plus: As a part of the SpaceTime family, you can get a free audiobook of your choice, plus 30 days free access from audible.com. Just visit www.audibletrial.com/spacetime or click on the banner link at www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com Email: [email protected] Join our mailing list at http://www.bitesz.com/join-our-mailing-list Stream podcast episodes on demand from www.bitesz.com (mobile friendly).

In this episode of the Case for Mars, we look at the recently discovered lake on Mars, and how it was discovered. We discuss the MARSIS experiment, that is able to use Ground Penetrating Radar to detect changes in minerals, ice, or liquids underground. We also discuss what NASA thinks about this discovery, and whether or not life could exist in this lake. Thanks for watching! And consider subscribing if you enjoyed this video! Twitter: https://twitter.com/wolf_martian Facebook: https://fb.me/MartianWolf Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/MartianWolf Heading Home by Nekzlo @nekzlo Music provided by Free Music for Vlogs youtu.be/YGL35p7LLqo ------------------------------ • Contact the artist: @nekzlo www.instagram.com/nekzlo/ twitter.com/Nekzlo_Music open.spotify.com/artist/75LSn0DiQyH6LnHBT8fOEK ------------------------------

Are there lakes on Mars? Yes, according to a team of scientists using ESA's #Mars Express orbiter. Using the MARSIS instrument, the team detected the radar echo of an underground lake underneath Mars' southern polar region. #undergroundLake 🔴 Subscribe to my channel: https://youtube.com/christianready?sub_confirmation=1 🔴 Share this video with a friend: https://youtu.be/bkQMI53L1Wc 🔴 From out of town? Translate this video! http://www.youtube.com/timedtext_video?v=bkQMI53L1Wc&ref=share 🔴 More about Mars and Venus: https://youtu.be/KY70s0W5zH0 🔴 Check out more cool cosmic news: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aDykhzVT15w&list=PLrAnGxL8nxOE8WyIR3KM8Jrklyn63A_aJ 🔴 Alejandro Garcia demonstrates water boiling in a vacuum: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ozRhZM7LL-s 🔴 Link to paper by Orosei, et al (Science, 2018): http://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2018/07/24/science.aar7268/ 🔴 ESA's press release: http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Mars_Express/Mars_Express_detects_liquid_water_hidden_under_planet_s_south_pole

A lake of liquid water has been detected by radar beneath the southern polar ice cap of Mars, according to a new study by Italian researchers from the Italian Space Agency, published in the journal Science. Evidence was gathered by the Mars Advanced Radar for Subsurface and Ionosphere Sounding instrument, also known as MARSIS, on the European Space Agency's Mars Express spacecraft. Between May 2012 and December 2015, MARSIS was used to survey the Planum Australe region, which is in the southern ice cap of Mars. It sent radar pulses through the surface and polar ice caps and measured how the radio waves reflected back to Mars Express.

Scientists think they've detected a sub-glacial lake around one of Mars' polar caps, but nobody's actually seen it yet. Learn more about this story at www.newsy.com/81981/ Find more videos like this at www.newsy.com Follow Newsy on Facebook: www.facebook.com/newsyvideos Follow Newsy on Twitter: www.twitter.com/newsy

Researchers have discovered an underground, liquid water lake on Mars! What might it be like, and why did it take us so long to find it? Our SciShow episode about this:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vJkYBhSqet8&feature=youtu.be Host: Caitlin Hofmeister For special, curated artifacts of this universe, check out https://scishowfinds.com/ ---------- Support SciShow by becoming a patron on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/scishow ---------- Dooblydoo thanks go to the following Patreon supporters: Lazarus G, Sam Lutfi, Nicholas Smith, D.A. Noe, سلطان الخليفي, Piya Shedden, KatieMarie Magnone, Scott Satovsky Jr, Charles Southerland, Patrick D. Ashmore, Tim Curwick, charles george, Kevin Bealer, Chris Peters ---------- Like SciShow? Want to help support us, and also get things to put on your walls, cover your torso and hold your liquids? Check out our awesome products over at DFTBA Records: http://dftba.com/scishow ---------- Looking for SciShow elsewhere on the internet? Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/scishow Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/scishow Tumblr: http://scishow.tumblr.com Instagram: http://instagram.com/thescishow ---------- Sources: Paper: http://science.sciencemag.org/cgi/doi/10.1126/science.aar7268 http://science.sciencemag.org/cgi/doi/10.1126/science.aau1829 https://www.nap.edu/read/11381/chapter/3 https://planetaryprotection.nasa.gov/about-categories/ https://marsnext.jpl.nasa.gov/scieng_plantary.cfm https://mars.nasa.gov/programmissions/missions/past/viking/ https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2015/pdf/2586.pdf https://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Mars_Express http://science.sciencemag.org/content/316/5821/92 https://news.umich.edu/martian-salts-must-touch-ice-to-make-liquid-water-study-shows/ http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Mars_Express/Mars_Express_radar_gauges_water_quantity_around_Mars_south_pole https://em.geosci.xyz/content/physical_properties/dielectric_permittivity/index.html https://planetaryprotection.nasa.gov/marsrequirements Images: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Flathead_River,_Flathead_Lake.jpg https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11796 https://jpl.jpl.nasa.gov/spaceimages/details.php?id=PIA19917 https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3896 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mars_Express_over_Tharsis_volcanoes.jpg https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/spaceimages/details.php?id=PIA02393 https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4249 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Perchlorate-2D-dimensions.png https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Perchlorate-3D-balls.png https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/mars/images/pia09226.html https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/mars/images/pia09222.html https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:NASA_spacecraft_comparison2.png https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%22Tatort%22_Blood_Falls_(16293969810).jpg https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Blood_falls1_f_Low_Res_nsf.gov.jpg https://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/imagegallery/image_feature_2465.html

Scientists have discovered an underground lake of liquid water on Mars! While this isn’t itself evidence for life on Mars, it does raise some new possibilities. Our SciShow Space episode about this: https://youtu.be/b8eNOOqi258 Hosted by: Hank Green Head to https://scishowfinds.com/ for hand selected artifacts of the universe! ---------- Support SciShow by becoming a patron on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/scishow ---------- Dooblydoo thanks go to the following Patreon supporters: Lazarus G, Sam Lutfi, Nicholas Smith, D.A. Noe, سلطان الخليفي, Piya Shedden, KatieMarie Magnone, Scott Satovsky Jr, Charles Southerland, Patrick D. Ashmore, Tim Curwick, charles george, Kevin Bealer, Chris Peters ---------- Looking for SciShow elsewhere on the internet? Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/scishow Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/scishow Tumblr: http://scishow.tumblr.com Instagram: http://instagram.com/thescishow ---------- Sources: http://science.sciencemag.org/cgi/doi/10.1126/science.aar7268 http://science.sciencemag.org/cgi/doi/10.1126/science.aau1829 https://www.space.com/30673-water-flows-on-mars-discovery.html https://www.space.com/21554-mars-toxic-perchlorate-chemicals.html Images: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Oblique_View_of_Warm_Season_Flows_in_Newton_Crater.jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_unfolding_of_MARSIS_boom_2_continues_ESA218825.jpg https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/mars/images/marsis-caption-20080417.html https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:South_Polar_Cap_of_Mars_during_Martian_South_summer_2000.jpg

There's water on Mars. The discovery gives hope to the search for life on the planet. The Italian Space Agency announced the discovery of flowing water beneath the southern polar ice cap. MNN reports a subglacial lake was found roughly 12.5 miles wide and a mile below the surface. In 2015, NASA revealed evidence of liquid, flowing seasonal water on the Red Planet. https://www.mnn.com/earth-matters/space/stories/theres-water-mars-NASA-confirms http://www.wochit.com This video was produced by YT Wochit News using http://wochit.com

Experimental studies indicate rates of serpentinization as well as H2 and CH4 production are very sluggish temperatures. Temperatures greater than 200-300 C or prolonged reaction times may be required to produce significant H2 and CH4 within icy worlds. Presented by Tom McCollom, University of Colorado.

Presented by Tori Hoehler, NASA Ames Research Center

William McKinnon, Washington University in St. Louis, compares and contrasts the ocean-rock interactions on Europa and Enceladus, drawing on cosmochemical and evolutionary perspectives, and suggests space craft tests.

The Dawn mission has returned constraints on the geochemical evolution of Ceres with implications for understanding other large water-rich bodies. This talk was presented by Paul Schenk, Lunar and Planetary Institute.

than they do at the Seafloor. Planetary studies can benefit from a lesson learned in the research of Mid-Ocean Ridges, wherein the subsurface view of faulting and fracturing contrasts with surface observations, important for the dynamics and chemistry of hydrothermal systems. This talk is presented by Nicholas Hayman, The University of Texas at Austin.

Fate of Antifreezes Radionuclides, Carbon, Nitrogen, and Sulfur. Geochemistry / Feeds back on Geophysics / In Multiple Ways. Presented by Marc Neveu, NASA Postdoctoral Management Program Fellow at NASA Headquarters.

Hsiang-Wen Hsu, NASA Postdoctoral Management Program Fellow at NASA Headquarters, reports on observations of ice grains emitted by Enceladus containing concentrated, complex, macromolecular organic material. The data provides key constraints on the macromolecular structure and eludes Enceladus' organic rock/water chemistry.

Hsiang-Wen Hsu, University of Colorado at Boulder, discusses how the lesson learned from the Cassini mission will help to probe nanograins carrying the rock-water interaction information from Europa from afar.

Many scientists using orbital data have proposed that a large lake may have once existed here. (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km.) NASA/JPL/University of Arizona Source: https://uahirise.org/ESP_055392_1510

Steve Vance, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, provides an overview of the NAI Icy Worlds effort led out of JPL, which seeks to reveal processes at the water-rock interface related to habitability and life's origins.

Leila Gabasova, Institut de Planétologie et Astrophysique de Grenoble, models the compaction of Pluto's rocky core after accretion and explore the potential for hydrothermal circulation within the porous layer, as well as examine its effect on core cooling and the persistence of a liquid internal ocean.

Presented by Amy Smith, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. The ancient Wood-Ljungdahl pathway used for biosynthesis and energy generation was found to be the predominant metabolic pathway in a microbial community from olivine grains incubated in the Juan de Fuca subseafloor aquifer.

Christine Ray, Southwest Research Institute, explores the various physical and chemical processes in Enceladus ice shell and ocean that affect the availability of oxidants, and constrain this availability to determine how much chemical energy may be available for possible life.

— And Cores of Ocean Worlds? is presented by Michael Velbel, Michigan State University. Genetically-texturally related olivine-serpentine assemblages tell us (some of) what was in the water on the parent body(y/ies) of CM carbonaceous chondrites, including soluble Fe and S species.

An examination of direct samples of early solar system water and associated solids, including organics presented by Michael Zolensky, Johnson Space Center.

John Rummel, SETI Institute, describes the phenomenon of obligate phototrophs living in hydrothermal environments on the sea floor, and describes how to use that information to search for life on ocean worlds.

Icy moons are intriguing, no doubt: Hot ice, oceans, and stuff that comes out. But what lies below? Just rock or Nemo? With rock mechanics we will find out. Presented by Paul Regensburger, North Carolina State University.

This presentation by A.T. Fisher, University of California - Santa Cruz, reviews the hydrogeologic nature of Earth's crust and evidence for massive flows of low-temperature (≤70ºC), seafloor hydrothermal circulation through ridge flanks, including the influence of crustal relief and crustal faults.

NASA recently shared a striking image of the Red Planet.

An update in my continuing coverage on the possibilities for life at Saturn's Moon Enceladus. "Macromolecular organic compounds from the depths of Enceladus" Postberg et al, 2018 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0246-4 Music: Cylinder Eight by Chris Zabriskie is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Source: http://chriszabriskie.com/cylinders/ Artist: http://chriszabriskie.com/

Lab experiments to recreate what happens when asteroids hit the Earth show how these rocky objects could have transferred water to terrestrial rock in the intense heat of impact. More from The New York Times Video: Subscribe: http://bit.ly/U8Ys7n Watch all of our videos here: http://nytimes.com/video Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/nytvideo Twitter: https://twitter.com/nytvideo ---------- Whether it's reporting on conflicts abroad and political divisions at home, or covering the latest style trends and scientific developments, New York Times video journalists provide a revealing and unforgettable view of the world. It's all the news that's fit to watch. More from The New York Times Video: Subscribe: http://bit.ly/U8Ys7n Watch all of our videos here: http://nytimes.com/video Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/nytvideo Twitter: https://twitter.com/nytvideo ---------- Whether it's reporting on conflicts abroad and political divisions at home, or covering the latest style trends and scientific developments, New York Times video journalists provide a revealing and unforgettable view of the world. It's all the news that's fit to watch.

Rovers like Curiosity search for life on Mars using rock and soil samples, but why don't they examine liquid or frozen water? Hosted by: Caitlin Hofmeister ---------- Support SciShow by becoming a patron on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/scishow ---------- Dooblydoo thanks go to the following Patreon supporters: Kelly Landrum Jones, Sam Lutfi, Kevin Knupp, Nicholas Smith, D.A. Noe, alexander wadsworth, سلط الخليفي, Piya Shedden, KatieMarie Magnone, Scott Satovsky Jr, Charles Southerland, Bader AlGhamdi, James Harshaw, Patrick Merrithew, Patrick D. Ashmore, Candy, Tim Curwick, charles george, Saul, Mark Terrio-Cameron, Viraansh Bhanushali, Kevin Bealer, Philippe von Bergen, Chris Peters, Justin Lentz ---------- Like SciShow? Want to help support us, and also get things to put on your walls, cover your torso and hold your liquids? Check out our awesome products over at DFTBA Records: http://dftba.com/scishow ---------- Looking for SciShow elsewhere on the internet? Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/scishow Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/scishow Tumblr: http://scishow.tumblr.com Instagram: http://instagram.com/thescishow ---------- Sources: https://nodis3.gsfc.nasa.gov/displayDir.cfm?Internal_ID=N_PD_8020_007G_&page_name=main&search_term=contamination https://www.nap.edu/read/11381/chapter/3 https://planetaryprotection.nasa.gov/about-categories/ https://www.cbtnuggets.com/blog/2016/10/bytes-and-bacteria-exposing-the-germs-on-your-technology/ https://marsnext.jpl.nasa.gov/scieng_plantary.cfm http://w.astro.berkeley.edu/~kalas/ethics/documents/environment/COSPAR%20Planetary%20Protection%20Policy.pdf https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20130010386.pdf https://planetaryprotection.nasa.gov/file_download/47/VikingMicrobiologicalAssayPlan.pdf Images: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Martian_north_polar_cap.jpg https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Viking_Oven.jpg https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PIA19808-MarsCuriosityRover-AeolisMons-BuckskinRock-20150805.jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MarsCuriosityRover-Drilling-01.jpg https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PIA15279_3rovers-stand_D2011_1215_D521.jpg https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Viking_Lander_Model.jpg https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PIA21635-Mars2020Rover-ArtistConcept-20170523.jpg https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:InSight_Lander_Transparent.png

Researchers using ground-based observatories have detected increased concentrations of both methane and water vapor in the Martian atmosphere during the northern hemisphere summer. Credit: NASA

One upside of recognizing and noting this ice is that future astronauts will have plenty of drinking water. (Audio: www.tregibbs.com. Black and white images are 5 km across; enhanced color images are 1 km.) https://uahirise.org/ESP_053642_2225

This impact crater looks amusingly like a tadpole because of the valley that was carved by water that used to fill it. When the water level inside the crater increased, it breached the crater wall, flowed outward and formed a valley. Sometimes, the water may flow in the opposite direction, like from a channel into a crater. It is often difficult to differentiate between inlet and outlet channels, but water always flows downhill. In this particular case, we can infer that water is flowing outward because we have the necessary terrain-height information. When studying these images in detail, scientists can gain a better understanding of the strength of the flooding water that carved the channels, and better understand the history of water activity in this region of Mars. Written by: M. Ramy El-Maarry (audio: Tre Gibbs) (5 February 2018) Credit: NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory/University of Arizona

Saturn's rings are a celestial river flowing above the clouds of their planet. Here is the story of how we learned that. Universe of Water playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLa0TgREKn12jUoCK0N4qQVgTgGalS6KDG Me on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/parallaxicality/ Me on Twitter: https://twitter.com/nickrwebb?lang=en-gb

NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter recently discovered an easily accessible water source on the Red Planet, suggesting that future missions would be able to attain drinking water and make rocket fuel. NASA issued a statement saying that the MRO had discovered “eight sites where thick deposits of ice beneath Mars’ surface are exposed in faces of eroding slopes." These ice deposits could help scientists gather more information about underground ice sheets which were previously undetected. https://www.digitaltrends.com/cool-tech/nasa-water-mars/ http://www.wochit.com This video was produced by YT Wochit News using http://wochit.com

The quest to find water on Mars continues as researchers report the likely presence of ice sheets on the Red Planet. Data from two orbiting spacecraft revealed ice cliffs at least 100 meters (328 feet) thick, which may provide information about Mars’ past climate. “They might even be a useful source of water for future human exploration of the Red Planet,” Colin Dundas, research geologist with the U.S. Geological Survey, said. ;/It was Dundas who spotted a pale band of blue peeking out from the globe’s rusty complexion in high-resolution photos, taken a few years ago by the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. The spacecraft takes detailed pictures of the Martian surface suing the High-Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) shooter. https://www.geek.com/news/martian-glaciers-could-help-unlock-planets-history-1727768/?source http://www.wochit.com This video was produced by YT Wochit News using http://wochit.com

Forget rocky worlds like Earth and Mars. New discoveries about icy worlds like Europa and Enceladus make them the ideal candidates for the search for life in the Universe. In fact there could be hundreds, or even thousands of times more worlds out there with ability to support life. Of course, there’s a problem, how do we search for life when it’s hidden beneath kilometers of ice? Get an email announcement whenever we release a new video: http://eepurl.com/dcThQ5 Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Google+ - https://plus.google.com/+universetoday/ Instagram - http://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / [email protected] Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - [email protected] Chloe Cain - Instagram: @chloegwen2001 Decades ago, Mars seemed like the most viable place to search for life in the Solar System. The Red Planet is cold, dry and airless today, but it certainly seemed to have liquid water there in the ancient past. Of course, wherever we find liquid water here on Earth, we find life. At the bottom of the ocean, where the crushing pressures would kill us in a moment. In steaming volcanic vents. Beneath glaciers, deep underground, even huddled in nuclear reactor cooling tanks. NASA’s Mars exploration program has been following the story of water. Opportunity and Spirit discovered evidence that Mars had liquid water in the ancient past. And the Curiosity Rover doubled down on that, finding minerals that indicate there was water on the surface of Mars for a long time. But then, long ago, the conditions changed, Mars lost its atmosphere, became cold, dry and inhospitable to life. It’s possible that life could still be there on Mars, huddled underground in salty reserves that prevent the water from freezing or evaporating. But so far, scientists haven’t found it yet. This shows that life on rocky worlds is tenuous at best. Too close to the star, or too far. Not a thick enough atmosphere, or too thick, creates a world that’s inhospitable to life. And even if a world was, briefly a place worth calling home, main sequence stars are constantly putting out more radiation, shifting the habitable zone farther out. Think about how long Earth will be habitable. Life crawled out from the oceans 430 million years ago, and planetary scientists estimate we’ve only got another 500 million to a billion years before the Sun gets too hot and boils the oceans dry. But now we’re discovering there are other places in the Solar System to look for life - water worlds. In fact, the number of these places, and the amount of liquid water on them is difficult to wrap your brain around. The Earth is a desert compared to the amount of liquid water that’s out there in the Solar System. Europa alone has 2-3 times as much water on Earth. And this life could be safe and sound, protected from radiation, meteor impacts and nearby supernovae for billions of years. Long after the Sun has burned out and faded away.

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Two years ago we were very excited about the announcement of water on Mars, but some new research challenges that idea. And one of our most successful exoplanet finding tools has discovered another one, this time pretty close to home! SciShow Finds: https://scishowfinds.com ---------- Support SciShow by becoming a patron on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/scishow ---------- Dooblydoo thanks go to the following Patreon supporters: Sam Lutfi, Kevin Knupp, Nicholas Smith, Inerri, D.A. Noe, alexander wadsworth, سلطان الخليفي, Piya Shedden, KatieMarie Magnone, Scott Satovsky Jr, Bella Nash, Charles Southerland, Bader AlGhamdi, James Harshaw, Patrick Merrithew, Patrick D. Ashmore, Candy, Tim Curwick, charles george, Saul, Mark Terrio-Cameron, Viraansh Bhanushali, Kevin Bealer, Philippe von Bergen, Chris Peters, Fatima Iqbal, Justin Lentz ---------- Like SciShow? Want to help support us, and also get things to put on your walls, cover your torso and hold your liquids? Check out our awesome products over at DFTBA Records: http://dftba.com/scishow ---------- Looking for SciShow elsewhere on the internet? Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/scishow Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/scishow Tumblr: http://scishow.tumblr.com Instagram: http://instagram.com/thescishow ---------- Sources: http://nature.com/articles/doi:10.1038/s41561-017-0012-5 https://www.space.com/36162-mars-dark-streaks-dry-avalanches.html https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/phoenix/news/phoenix-20080731.html http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/ngeo2917.html https://www.nasa.gov/feature/jpl/mars-gullies-likely-not-formed-by-liquid-water http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2016GL068956/full https://www.nature.com/articles/ngeo2546 https://www.aanda.org/component/article?access=doi&doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201731973 https://www.eso.org/public/archives/releases/sciencepapers/eso1736/eso1736a.pdf https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2017-11/e-ctw111317.php https://www.eso.org/public/teles-instr/lasilla/36/harps/ Images: https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-confirms-evidence-that-liquid-water-flows-on-today-s-mars https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:South_Polar_Cap_of_Mars_during_Martian_South_summer_2000.jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Warm_Season_Flows_on_Slope_in_Newton_Crater_(animated).gif https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hirise_at_mars.jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Slope_Lineae_PIA14479-43_946-710.jpg https://www.nasa.gov/feature/jpl/mars-gullies-likely-not-formed-by-liquid-water http://www.eso.org/public/usa/images/eso1736a/ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Spektrograf_HARPS.jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:RedDwarfNASA.jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ELT_concept.jpg